scholarly journals Biogeochemical assessment of changes in water composition after a large landslide in winter

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Л.М. КОНДРАТЬЕВА ◽  
Е.М. ГОЛУБЕВА ◽  
З.Н. ЛИТВИНЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Far East ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Electric Power Station ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Landslide Body ◽  
Artificial Channel

Впервые в декабре 2018 г. при температуре –32 оС произошел оползень с крутого берега Бурейского водохранилища (Дальний Восток России), на водосборе которого встречаются островная, прерывистая и сплошная многолетняя мерзлота. Оползень общим объемом 24.5 млн. м3 полностью перекрыл бывшее русло реки Бурея, создав угрозу работе Бурейской ГЭС и затопления населенных пунктов. Для решения проблемы восстановления проточности были проведены крупномасштабные взрывные работы с использованием тротила, а также кумулятивных зарядов с гексогеном. Взрывные работы повлияли на спектр органических веществ и миграционную способность многих элементов в воде вокруг оползня. Методом газовой хроматографии в воде обнаружены метанол и метилированные производные бензола, их концентрация увеличивалась после дренажа воды сквозь тело оползня. Среди летучих органических веществ значительную долю составляли продукты трансформации высокомолекулярных природных соединений, которые принимают участие в процессах метаногенеза и метанотрофии (метанол, ацетаты, ксилолы) и толуол, основной продукт деструкции тротила. Исследования элементного состава воды в зоне влияния оползня до и после проведения взрывных работ были проведены методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой на ICP-MS ELAN-9000 (Perkin Elmer). Ниже тела оползня отмечено увеличение содержания Al, Fe, W, Cr и Pb. Наиболее существенные изменения качества воды произошли после проведения взрывных работ. В воде искусственного канала отмечено резкое снижение содержания элементов (Fe, Cu, Zn и Pb) и увеличение концентрации ртути. For the first time in December 2018, at a temperature of 32°C below zero, on the steep bank of the Bureiskoe Reservoir (Far East, Russia) a landslide occurred. Insular, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost on the catchment basin of the reservoir is recorded. A landslide with a total volume of 24.5 million m3 completely blocked the former channel of the Bureya River. It created a threat to the operation of the Bureya Hydro-electric Power Station and flooding of settlements. Blasting operations with use of trinitrotoluene and shaped charges with hexogen were carried out for restoring the flow. Methanol and methylated benzene derivatives were detected in water by gas chromatography; its concentration increased after the water was drained through the landslide body. In the water of the artificial channel, decrease in the lithogenic elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb) content and an increase in the mercury concentration were recorded. Among the volatile organic substances, a significant portion belonged to the products of transformation of high molecular natural compounds that take part in the processes of methanogenesis and methanotrophy (methanol, acetates, and xylenes) and toluene, the main intermediate of trinitrotoluene. The studies of the elemental composition of water in the zone of influence of the landslide before and after the blasting operations were carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on an ICP-MS ELAN-9000 (Perkin Elmer). Below the landslide body, an increase in the content of Al, Fe, W, Cr and Pb is noted. The most significant changes in water quality occurred after the blasting operations. In the water of the artificial channel, a sharp decrease in the content of elements (Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb) and an increase in the concentration of mercury have been recorded.

scholarly journals Importance of determining macro- and microelemental composition of blood in pregnant women with threat of preterm birth

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
N. Ya. Abdullaeva
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Before And After

Aim. In order to establish the dependence of the threat preterm birth in pregnant women on the concentration of macro- and micronutrients, a comparative analysis of blood was carried out in 92 pregnant women aged 19 to 37 before and after treatment. Materials and methods. Quantitative elemental analysis of blood serum was performed for 8 elements: Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Se using the method of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP MS 7700e, Intertech. Corp., USA). Results. The conducted macro- and microelements content analysis revealed that during pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal period, a violation of their quantity is of no small importance. Conclusions. A reliably significant dependence of the threat of abortion, hypoxia, intrauterine growth retardation on the balance of macro- and microelements was noted.

scholarly journals Determination of Essential Elements in Indian Rice Samples Before and After Washing by ICP-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2971-2976
Author(s):  
Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed ◽  
H.F.A. Al-Harbi
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rice Samples

In this study, a simple analytical technique was established to determine the content of essential elements (K, P, Mg, Ca, Zn, and Cu) in four samples of Indian rice. The influence of soaking, washing, and cooking on the essential elements concentration was determined. Twenty samples employed in this study, were contained in closed vessels and subjected to microwave-assisted digestion. Six elements (K, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu) were analyzed and determined through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In the analyzed elements, the concentration of potassium elements and phosphate was the highest and that of zinc and copper was the lowest. The low values of the limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) with a relative standard deviation (%RSD) of 0.2-3% were observed.

scholarly journals Provision conditions for increasing the reliability of trace analysis of toxic metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018
Author(s):  
Marina V. Egorova ◽  
Alexander S. Rodionov ◽  
Julia J. Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fume Hood ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Erroneous Decision ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Introduction. Heavy metals are included in one of the significant groups of ecotoxicants. Determining heavy metals at low levels is one of the main problems in analytical chemistry, which depends on various factors. Ignoring the contribution of these factors to the total uncertainty can increase the probability of distortion of the results due to an erroneous decision on the compliance of the obtained data with a particular standard. The most significant influences include the purity of reagents, dishes, and air in laboratory rooms. Purpose of the work. Search for ways of reducing the listed influences provided that the expense of time, material and labour resources are minimized. Materials and methods. In the course of the work, many experiments were carried out, including the analysis of nitric acid for the content of metals before and after cleaning by distillation, the analysis of washes from new fluoroplastic laboratory glassware and glassware that had been cleaned by steaming, an assessment of the effect of air pollution in the laboratory room based on a study of calibration curves, which were constructed at the analysis of standard iron solutions prepared in the Clean Workplace and in a conventional fume hood. All measurements were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on Agilent 7800 ICP-MS mass spectrometer. Results. The efficiency of the proposed methods for eliminating interfering influences on the analysis has been experimentally proved. Conclusion. The technical and analytical problem, which consists of finding optimal conditions for preparation of reagents, glassware cleaning and decreasing the influence of laboratory air pollution, allows to increase reliability of the obtained results and prevent distortion of information about the observed degree of environmental pollution.

Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Investigating Nonlinear Response Observed in Pulse Counting Mode and Extending the Linear Dynamic Range by Compensating for Dead Time Related Count Losses on a Microsecond Timescale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Strenge ◽  
Carsten Engelhard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Dynamic Range ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

<p>The article demonstrates the importance of using a suitable approach to compensate for dead time relate count losses (a certain measurement artefact) whenever short, but potentially strong transient signals are to be analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Findings strongly support the theory that inadequate time resolution, and therefore insufficient compensation for these count losses, is one of the main reasons for size underestimation observed when analysing inorganic nanoparticles using ICP-MS, a topic still controversially discussed.</p>

Fast Turn-around Failure Analysis of Metal Interconnection Using FIB and LA ICP-MS

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixiao Pan ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Fuhe Li
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Icp Ms

Abstract This paper introduces our effort in failure analysis of a 200 nm thick metal interconnection on a glass substrate and covered with a passivation layer. Structural damage in localized areas of the metal interconnections was observed with the aid of focused ion beam (FIB) cross-sectioning. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA ICP-MS) was then applied to the problematic areas on the interconnection for chemical survey. LA ICP-MS showed direct evidence of localized chemical contamination, which has likely led to corrosion (or over-etching) of the metal interconnection and the assembly failure. Due to the high detection sensitivity of LA ICP-MS and its compatibility with insulating material analysis, minimal sample preparation is required. As a result, the combination of FIB and LA ICP-MS enabled successful meso-scale failure analysis with fast turnaround and reasonable cost.

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