fib Bulletin 1. Structural Concrete Textbook on Behaviour, Design and Perfo ance Up date d knowle d ge of the CEB/FIP Model Code 1990 Volume 1

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
György L. Balàzs ◽  
Andrew W. Beeby ◽  
Josef Eibl ◽  
Rolf Eligehausen ◽  
Agnieszka Bigaj-van Vliet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Model Code

scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Recycled Fine Aggregate Concrete with High Slump Property in Normal- and High-Strength

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minkwan Ju ◽  
Kyoungsoo Park ◽  
Won-Jun Park
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Model Code

AbstractThis study investigated the mechanical behavior of normal strength (NS) and high strength (HS) concrete containing recycled fine aggregates (RFAs). A high slump mixing design was employed, which may be potentially used as filled structural concrete. The compressive strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus were measured according to the RFA replacement ratio and curing time. In addition, the shrinkage strain was measured in a temperature and humidity chamber over 260 days. The compressive strength and elastic modulus of RFA concrete were approximately 70–90% of those of virgin concrete. The decreases in the compressive strength and elastic modulus for NS concrete were larger than those for HS concrete. This could be explained by the difference in failure mechanism between NS and HS concrete. The average ratio of the compressive strength at 190 days to that at 28 days was 1.15–1.3, and the ratio of the tensile strength at 190 days to that at 28 days was 1.15–1.25. These demonstrate good strength development. The ratios between the elastic modulus and compressive strength for RFA concrete were dissimilar to those for virgin concrete but similar to those for recycled coarse aggregate concrete. ACI 318-14 (Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary, 2014) and Model Code (Fib model code for concrete structures, 2010) overestimated the elastic modulus of RFA concrete. Therefore, this study suggested an empirical expression to approximate the elastic modulus of RFA concrete. The increase in shrinkage owing to the use of RFA was at most 5–6% of the ultimate compressive strain of concrete.

CIVIL AND LEGAL LIABILITY OF JUDGES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Skoromnyy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Model Code ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

The article presents the conceptual foundations of bringing judges to civil and legal liability. It was found that the civil and legal liability of judges is one of the types of legal liability of judges. It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine provides for a clearly delineated list of the main cases (grounds) for which the state is liable for damages for damage caused to a legal entity and an individual by illegal actions of a judge as a result of the administration of justice. It has been proved that bringing judges to civil and legal liability, in particular on the basis of the right of recourse, provides for the payment of just compensation in accordance with the decision of the European Court of Human Rights. It was established that the bringing of judges to civil and legal liability in Ukraine is regulated by such legislative documents as the Constitution of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Explanatory Note to the European Charter on the Status of Judges (Model Code), the Law of Ukraine «On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges», the Law of Ukraine «On the procedure for compensation for harm caused to a citizen by illegal actions of bodies carrying out operational-search activities, pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutors and courts», Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the case on the constitutional submission of the Supreme Court of Ukraine regarding the compliance of the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of certain provisions of Article 2, paragraph two of clause II «Final and transitional provisions» of the Law of Ukraine «On measures to legislatively ensure the reform of the pension system», Article 138 of the Law of Ukraine «On the judicial system and the status of judges» (the case on changes in the conditions for the payment of pensions and monthly living known salaries of judges lagging behind in these), the Law of Ukraine «On the implementation of decisions and the application of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights».

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