scholarly journals Prevalence and Pattern of Diabetic Ketoacidosis among Children an Enugu, Southeast Nigeria: a 10 Year Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Ikenna Kingsley Ndu ◽  
Ugo Nnenna Chikani ◽  
Benedict Onyeka Edelu ◽  
Obinna Chukwuebuka Nduagubam ◽  
Adaobi Ijeoma Bisi-Onyemaechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
State University ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Nigeria Teaching Hospital ◽  
Enugu State

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most severe complication in pediatric cases of type 1 diabetes and also the leading cause of death in these children. There is a broad geographic variation in the frequency of DKA at the onset of diabetes. This study sought to determine DKA's prevalence and pattern in Enugu and review the treatment and outcome over ten years. This retrospective study conduct in the Children Emergency Rooms (CHER) of the two tertiary institutions in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria: Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) and the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). The biochemical criteria for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) base on the presence of hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 11 mmol/L), acidosis (serum bicarbonate < 15 mmol/L), and ketonuria (urine ketone ?1+). A total of 16,488 children were admitted during the ten years, of which 21 children presented with DKA, representing a prevalence of 0.13%. Six (28.6%) of the patients were newly diagnosed diabetics, while fifteen (71.4%) known diabetics, of which 9 (60%) were presenting with DKA for the first time. A total of two patients died, giving a mortality rate of 9.5%. The rest treated and discharged. The total hospitalization duration ranged from 1–31 days, with a mean duration of 13.3 ± 7.5 days. This study has revealed some of the challenges with the management of children with DKA and the unacceptably high mortality rate.

scholarly journals Histopathology of bladder carcinomas: an eight year retrospective study at Lagos state university teaching hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1619
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Sanni ◽  
Oluwaseun O. William ◽  
Sunday S. Soyemi ◽  
Abimbola A. Abolarinwa ◽  
Abiodun O. Popoola
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
State University ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Bladder Carcinomas ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate the histological types, frequency, age and sex distribution of bladder carcinoma in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Lagos state. This study aims to classify bladder carcinoma in this centre according to the World Health Organisation/ International Society of Urological Pathology.Methods: An eight-year retrospective study of all bladder carcinomas specimens that were sent to the department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, LASUTH between 1st January, 2011 and 31st December, 2018 was done. Relevant data consisting of the age and sex distributions as well as histopathological types were extracted from the departmental information system and filed documents. The data was analysed using the IBM-SPSS version 25.0.Results: There were 87 cases of bladder tumours, out of which 55 (63.2%) were bladder carcinomas. The mean age at diagnosis of bladder carcinomas was 56.9±13.9 years. Sex distribution has male to female ratio of 1: 1. Urothelial carcinoma predominates as the most common histological type.Conclusions: Bladder carcinoma presents most frequently at the 5th decade of life, with a slight male preponderance.

scholarly journals Ophthalmological Findings in Paediatric Non-Traumatic Coma in Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna Kingsley Ndu ◽  
Ifeoma N Asimadu ◽  
Benedict Onyeka Edelu ◽  
Obinna Chukwuebuka Nduagubam ◽  
Ogechukwu F Amadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
State University ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The ophthalmological examination is a vital aspect of the central nervous system examination in comatose children. Several authors have documented different findings with disparities in their recommendations about making ophthalmological examination a routine in the management of the unconscious child. This study sought to evaluate the relevance of routine ophthalmological examination in the management of unconscious children admitted into the paediatric emergency room of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria. This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted from April 2018 to March 2019. Unconscious patients whose caregivers gave consent were recruited into the study. Traumatic causes of coma were excluded. Demographic features of the patients were obtained. The ophthalmologic examination and diagnoses were made by an ophthalmologist, while the emergency room pediatrician made clinical assessment and diagnoses. Sixteen unconscious children had ophthalmologic examinations done. The Glasgow coma scale scores ranged from 3 to 11, with a mean of 6.6±2.2. Thirteen (81.3%) of the children were classified as severe unconsciousness while the rest were moderate. The degree of unconsciousness was significantly associated with the outcome (χ2 =16.0, P = 0.03). A total of six (37.5%) ophthalmologic diagnoses were made, which included cerebral malaria, degenerative myopia, orbital cellulitis, and exposure keratopathy. The presence of an abnormal ophthalmologic finding was not significantly associated with outcome (χ2 =0.36, P = 0.55). Routine ophthalmologic examination may not be justified as a management protocol in unconscious children but may be considered in selected cases.

Prevalence and pattern of rape among girls and women attending Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, southeast Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robsam S. Ohayi ◽  
Euzebus C. Ezugwu ◽  
Chibuike O. Chigbu ◽  
Susan U. Arinze-Onyia ◽  
Chukwuemeka A. Iyoke
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
State University ◽  
Enugu State
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