scholarly journals Fuzzy based Combined Trust Scheme for Secure Routing in MANET (FCTRS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469-1474
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Ad Hoc Routing ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Distance Vector

Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET) is a self-configuring network consisting of mobile nodes without any fixed infrastructure. However due to the nodes has not any fixed infrastructure in MANET, it is susceptible to various security attacks like data modification, information sniff, due to low energy, computing ability and bandwidth. In MANET Black hole is also an attack and it is difficult to detect and prevent. The lack of quality in security aspects of ad-hoc routing protocols won’t provide reliability in the data packets movement between source and destination nodes. Implementing the routing decision with trust is an important one in the MANNET security. Hence, this research work propose an enhanced Fuzzy based combined trust scheme (FCTRS) based on public trust and Quality of Service (QoS) trust to detect black hole attack. It provides secure routing based on certificate authority (CA) to improve the performance of Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV). The results will show the performance improvement of proposed protocol over Enhanced Trusted Routing Scheme with Pattern Discovery (ETRS-PD) and the protocol AODV. The metrics in the performance of network examined with different conditions of mobility and the presence of black hole node positions.

scholarly journals Black Hole Attacks on MANETs: Analysis and Prevention

2022 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Arudra Annepu ◽  
◽  
Priti Mishra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Reactive Routing ◽  
Wireless Medium

Wireless network technically, refers to the category of network in which communication is carried out without using wires. In modern era wireless network has great importance because the communication is taking place with the use of radio waves. Thus, the use of ad-hoc network starts yielding a great importance in variety of applications. The certain research work is carried out in this particular field. MANET is a constructed from various mobility in the form of mobile nodes and anytime without any need of fixed infrastructure. MANET can be made on fly due to lack of fixed infrastructure. MANET is numerous threats types of attacks due to dynamic changing topologies and wireless medium. Security of the MANET becomes one of the challenging tasks. Black hole attacks is the main type of attack that are possible in MANET. Black hole node not forward any data packets to the neighbour node instead it drops all the data packets. Black hole attacks are bit hard to detect due to lack of centralized access. This research work concentrates to enhance the security of MANET by identifying and blocking black hole assaults from occurring. A reactive routing system such as Ad-Hoc on Demand Distance Vector has previously been used to address security problems in the MANET (AODV). Various attack types were investigated, and the consequences of these assaults were detailed by describing how MANET performance was disrupted. Network Simulator 3 (NS3) is used for the simulation process.

Preventive Security Mechanism Based on AODV

2011 ◽  
Vol 225-226 ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu Ching Tuan ◽  
Kuen Yang Chen ◽  
Yi Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Security Mechanism ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Routing Attacks ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Wireless Routing ◽  
Wireless Medium ◽  
Time And Energy

In a mobile ad-hoc network, MANET, designing a security routing protocol is an important issue since the mobile nodes and wireless medium are prone to be attacked. However, most of wireless routing protocols concentrated on how to reduce the data transmission time and energy consumption. Wireless routing paths in MANET may be broken or fabricated by attacking. Hence, sending data packets to the destination may failure. For defending the active black hole attacks and the passive fabricated routing attacks, we proposed a preventive security mechanism based on ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing (AODV), called PSM-AODV. PSM-AODV modified some field in RREQ, RREP, and RERR packets based on AODV. PSM-AODV thus may defend the possible black hole and fabricated routing attacks. Simulation results showed that PSM-AODV could promote the packet delivery rate based on little overhead in control packets.

scholarly journals A Trust based Multipath Routing for Black Hole Attacks with Group Search Optimization Routing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3536-3543
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Ad Hoc Routing ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Group Search

The Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is the collection of some mobile devices that communicate with one another without any help from a centralized administration. For this, the energy is an important issue that has to be addressed since the ad-hoc network nodes have a limited battery power. A secure routing in the MANETs is an area of research that is emerging. The designing of a security protocol which is trustworthy for the ad hoc routing is an extremely challenging task owing to all its unique traits. Due to its minimal configuration and its quick deployment, the MANETs are found to be well-suited for situations in the case of an emergency such as the natural disasters or the military applications. This way, a transfer of data among two nodes need some security. A MANET black-hole attack will occur owing to the malicious nodes attracting data packets by means of a false advertisement of a fresh route to its destination. For this work, the trust-based routing along with the packet forwarding probability. For this work, the Ad hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing (AOMDV) protocol is used and for finding the routing path a trust value will be piggybacked with a route request packet. There was yet another novel algorithm for optimization known as the Group Search Optimizer (GSO) algorithm that was proposed inspired by the behaviour of animals. This GSO-AOMDV was for the purpose of improving the performance of the network. The results of the experiment proved that this method proposed could achieve a better performance compared to the other methods

scholarly journals A Trust based Multipath Routing for Black Hole Attacks with Group Search Optimization Routing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3407-3415
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Ad Hoc Routing ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Group Search

The Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is the collection of some mobile devices that communicate with one another without any help from a centralized administration. For this, the energy is an important issue that has to be addressed since the ad-hoc network nodes have a limited battery power. A secure routing in the MANETs is an area of research that is emerging. The designing of a security protocol which is trustworthy for the ad hoc routing is an extremely challenging task owing to all its unique traits. Due to its minimal configuration and its quick deployment, the MANETs are found to be well-suited for situations in the case of an emergency such as the natural disasters or the military applications. This way, a transfer of data among two nodes need some security. A MANET black-hole attack will occur owing to the malicious nodes attracting data packets by means of a false advertisement of a fresh route to its destination. For this work, the trust-based routing along with the packet forwarding probability. For this work, the Ad hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing (AOMDV) protocol is used and for finding the routing path a trust value will be piggybacked with a route request packet. There was yet another novel algorithm for optimization known as the Group Search Optimizer (GSO) algorithm that was proposed inspired by the behaviour of animals. This GSO-AOMDV was for the purpose of improving the performance of the network. The results of the experiment proved that this method proposed could achieve a better performance compared to the other method.

scholarly journals Secure Data Transmission for Cluster Based Internet Integrated with MANETs

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Secure Data Transmission ◽  
Security Investigation ◽  
Internet Availability ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Integrating the Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) with Internet has many advantages. The Data collected from the Mobile nodes can be broadcasted to the world by connecting the Internet to it via Gateway. Clustering is a practical way to enhance the system performance. Security is a significant issue in the Integrated MANETInternet climate in light of the fact that in this climate we need to think about the assaults on Internet availability. So, to overcome this issue, we have proposed Secure and Authenticated routing protocol (SARP) to enhance security performance of the networks. This routing protocol is used to discover a secure route and to transmit data packets securely. In this protocol clusters are formed and security relies on the hardness of the symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms. We show the practicality of this convention as for the security prerequisites and security investigation against different assaults. The estimations and reproductions are given to show the security of the proposed convention. The outcomes show that, the proposed convention have preferred execution over the current secure conventions for Cluster based Internet Integrated with MANETs, in terms of security.

scholarly journals Interpretation on Energy Consumption of DYMO Protocol Towards Green Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2895-2897
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Grid Environment ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Dynamic Movement ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Expensive Process

Mobile Ad hoc Network is a decentralized network which can be deployed instantly. Routing is a very challenging task in this network due to dynamic movement of mobile nodes. Various routing protocols such as OLSR, DYMO and ZRP are proposed to establish the route for the data packets in MANET’s. As deploying of the protocols into real environment is a cost expensive process, the protocols are initially evaluated through a simulated arena. Many of the mobile devices are battery equipped and each protocol consumes energy in different manner. In this paper, energy consumption evaluation is carried out on OLSR, DYMO and ZRP protocols in a grid environment. The experiments have shown that DYMO protocol has less energy consumption when compared to OLSR and ZRP protocols.

scholarly journals QoS support using SWAN model in mobile ad-hoc networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Dynamic Topology ◽  
Bandwidth Constraint ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes, dynamically forming a temporary network without pre-existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. Due to the bandwidth constraint and dynamic topology of MANETs, supporting quality of Service (QoS) in MANETs is a challenging task. MANETs have certain unique characteristics that pose several difficulties in provisioning QoS. Most routing protocols for MANETs are designed without explicitly considering QoS of the routes. QoS-aware routing requires to find a route that satisfies the end-to-end QoS requirement. QoS in MANETs is a rapidly growing area of research interest. In this report, the challenges of QoS support for MANETs are discussed first.Then the current research on QoS support in MANETs is reviewed, followed by extensive discussion and analysis of QoS models and QoS routing. Finally, one of the QoS models - SWAN is studied to provide a qualitative assessment of the applicability of the model.

scholarly journals Analysis and Ideas for Improved Routing in MANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Kumar ◽  
A. Kathirvel
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Signal Attenuation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Network Strength ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Mobile Ad hoc NETwork is a collection of mobile nodes connected with each other without any centralized infrastructure support. In MANET, every node acts as a router, thereby forwards the packet to other nodes through the best route possible. The cooperation of all other nodes is very essential for a node to transfer data to its desired destination. Throughput is a major factor that determines the health of any network including MANET and there can be many reasons that can disrupt the throughput. In this paper we deal with two prime reasons that may reduce the throughput in a MANET. The first reason is that, if a node behaves selfishly and utilizes the path only for forwarding its own packet, then the packets from other nodes will be dropped and the throughput will gradually get reduced. The second reason for reduction in throughput is the phenomenon called fading, which causes signal attenuation. This phenomenon creates path loss temporarily, during which the packet loss increases and the throughput takes a major hit. Removing such nodes from the network on the basis of doubt about its packet forwarding nature and ability will eventually weaken the network strength. Neglecting the original best route will also reduce the quality of the network. Both the cases of selfishness and fading can be normalized by switching over to an alternate path and coming back to the same route after a short period of time. Thereby the quality as well as the quantity of nodes involved in the network can be maintained. In this paper we have also introduced an innovation called helper nodes which will also help in the formation of alternate path and will very well neutralize the ill effects caused due to selfishness and fading.

scholarly journals MANET Routing Protocols Evaluation: AODV, DSR and DSDV Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 06024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Taha AL-Dhief ◽  
Naseer Sabri ◽  
M.S. Salim ◽  
S. Fouad ◽  
S. A. Aljunid
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Distance Vector

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a set of mobile nodes that communicate with each other to configure an immediate network without utilizing any of infrastructure, the centralized access point or centralized administration in multiple hop manner. There are a lot of routing protocols have been proposed in MANET which are different from each other in the performance and the mechanism. Therefore, the performance study of those protocols in different scenarios is needed. This paper presents the performance comparison between Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad hoc on demand distance Vector Routing (AODV) as reactive routing protocols and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) as a proactive routing protocol to precisely determine which protocol is more effective. Network Simulator (NS) version 2.35 has used to simulate and evaluate the performance of these protocols in terms of the packet delivery ratio, average throughput, average end-to-end delay, and packet loss ratio with respect to the variable number of nodes.

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