scholarly journals Soil Erosion Modelling using SWAT and GIS Interface: Case of Weib Watershed

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2362-2369
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Sediment Routing ◽  
Average Slope ◽  
Erosion Modelling ◽  
Sensitive Parameters ◽  
Parameter Approach ◽  
Slope Channel

Soil wearing away is the slow process that occurs when effect of runoff detaches soil particles, causing the soil to remove within the natural channel. Catchment area of Weib River 7407.42km2 . The Watershed soil erosion and sedimentation is result of high intensity rainfall with generated runoff, steep slope channel, and inadequate conservation practices. The study was used to model by using simulated to calibrate against measured Sediment. From the result of simulated conditions of a fixed with only the measured land cover changes inserted, simulated sediment yield increased by 66.75%, 64.80%, 61.48%, 71.08%, and 55% respectively by using land cover year 1986 and 2010 of classified eight sub catchments. The analysis of Soil erosion has shown that sedimentation has increased from 41.27% to 61.58% between 1986 and 2010, with annual erosion of sediment to the Weib river from the watershed is 5.22ton/ha. The result of simulation by the model was checked based on R2 and NS values for monthly sediment was 0.94, 0.87 at Agarfa and Sof Omer stations during calibration, 0.89, 0.97 at Agarfa and Sof Omer during validation, respectively. The most sensitive parameters for erosion simulations were Average slope steepness (HRU_SLP), Average slope length (SLSUBBSN), Initial residue cover (RSDIN), Channel cover factor (CH_COV2), USLE equation soil erodibility (K) factor (USLE_K), SCS runoff curve number f (CN2), Linear parameter approach was used to quantify the highest amount of sediment that can be accumulated using channel sediment routing (SPCON)

scholarly journals Spatial Targeting of Soil Loss Using RUSLE in GIS: the case of Asokore Mampong Municipality, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gift Dumedah ◽  
Evans Kyeremanteng ◽  
Ema Dari
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Public Data

Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem that is associated with societal impacts including flooding, poor water quality, and loss of plant nutrient leading to low agricultural productivity. Soil erosion wears away the top soil and is controlled by the interaction between several factors including rainfall, steepness of slope, length of slope, vegetation cover, and land management practices. This study developed Geographic Information System (GIS) graphical model based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), to calculate soil loss in the Asokore Mampong Municipality of the Ashanti region, Ghana. The estimated soil loss was examined the spatial patterns of soil loss and intensity per areas, as an important method for proper planning of management measures. The graphical model was developed using the popular open source GIS software, QGIS, ensuring the availability of the model, automation for any specific area, and its execution to the general public. Data sources used include Digital Elevation Model (DEM) derived from ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer), soil properties data obtained from the Global Soil Grids, land cover data from the Global Land Cover by National Mapping Organization (GLCNMO), NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) data from MODIS (MOD13Q1, 16 Day), and rainfall data from GPCC version 7 (Global Precipitation Climatology Centre). Our results show high levels of soil loss (in tons per hectare per year) in the Municipality, with the capability to spatially target mitigation measures leading to cost effective environmental management.

scholarly journals Soil Erosion Modelling and Risk Assessment in Data Scarce Rift Valley Lake Regions, Ethiopia

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Aga ◽  
Bayou Chane ◽  
Assefa Melesse
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Erosion Modelling ◽  
Lakes And Reservoirs ◽  
Bathymetric Changes

To prolong the useful life of lakes and reservoirs, prioritizing watersheds by severity and risk of soil erosion is an essential index to develop sound sediment management plans. This study aims to predict soil erosion risk and sediment yield using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in Lake Ziway basin, Ethiopia, and the model result is validated with lake bathymetric changes. The SUFI-2 program was applied for a model calibration and the performance of the model was assessed. The catchment prioritization study indicated that some sub-basins having the same soil type and land use but a higher slope gives higher sediment yield. This confirms that, in the basin, the upland is the main source of sediment for the lake, hence the variation of sediment yield is more sensitive to terrain slope. Furthermore, the soil conservation scenarios demonstrated in SWAT that reduce the slope length of the watershed by 50% for a slope greater than 5% are decreasing the sediment yield of the basin by 55%. The bathymetric differencing of the lake indicates that the sediment was accumulating at a rate of 3.13 t/ha/year while a calibrated SWAT model resulted in 5.85 t/ha/year. The identified reasons for these variations are the existence of outlet for the lake, floodplain depositions and abstraction of sediment (sand mining) from the tributary rivers before flowing to the lake.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing and GIS-Based Soil Loss Estimation Using RUSLE in Bahir Dar Zuria District, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhussen Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
Desale Kidane Asmamaw
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Slope Length

The severity of soil loss in the Ethiopian highlands has been increased from time to time. Hence, the assessment of soil erosion using models is very important for planning successful and sustainable soil management. This study was conducted in Bahir Dar Zuria district, Ethiopia with aiming to quantify the amount of soil loss using the GIS-based RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model. Based on the study, the most pronounced RUSLE factor that increases soil erosion was the slope length (L) and slope steepness (S). Compared with other land uses, bare land and cropland in the higher slopes were more vulnerable to erosion. As expected slope and soil losses have a direct relationship. About 80% of the study area experienced annual soil loss of less than 1.2 ton/ha/yr. Conversely, soil loss was very high for slopes greater than 30%. This indicated that slope has a great impact on regulating soil loss. The annual soil loss for cropland, vegetation, grassland, and degraded land was 19.05, 8.78, 8.82, and 71.16 ton/ha/yr., respectively. This is to means that land use land cover have a strong relationship with the amount of soil loss. The same land cover with different slopes have different soil loss amount. It was found that lack of vegetative cover during the critical period of rainfall, expansion of croplands, and absence of support practices increase soil erosion. Thus, the application of stone lines, contour tillage, terraces, and grass strip barriers are suggested to break the slope length into shorter distances, reducing overland flow velocity and soil erosion. Moreover, improving the awareness of society to reduce the illegal cutting of trees and apply conservation practices to reduce soil erosion in their farmland is very essential.

ASSESSMENT OF SOIL EROSION IN VINH LINH, QUANG TRI USING RMMF MODEL (REVISED MORGAN - MORGAN - FINNEY)

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Quang Việt ◽  
Trương Đình Trọng ◽  
Hồ Thị Nga
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Particle Detachment ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Northern District ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss

Vinh Linh, the northern district of Quang Tri province is characterized by a diversified topography with a large variety of elevations, high rainfall, and decreasing land cover due to forest exploiting for cultivation land. Thus, there is a high risk of erosion, soil fertility washout. With the support of GIS technology, the authors used the rMMF model to measure soil erosion. The input data of model including 15 coefficients related to topography, soil properties, climate and land cover. The simulations of rMMF include estimates of rainfall energy, runoff, soil particle detachment by raindrop, soil particle detachment by runoff, sediment transport capacity of runoff and soil loss. The result showed that amount of soil loss in year is estimated to vary between 0 kg/m2 minimum and 149 kg/m2 maximum and is divided into 4-classes of erosion. Light class almost covers the region researched (75.9% of total area), while moderate class occupies 8.1% of total area, strong classes only hold small area (16% of total area). Therefore, protection of the forest floor in sloping areas is one of the most effective methods to reduce soil erosion.

scholarly journals Soil erosion by snow gliding – a first quantification attempt in a subalpine area in Switzerland

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3763-3775 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Meusburger ◽  
G. Leitinger ◽  
L. Mabit ◽  
M. H. Mueller ◽  
A. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Snow Gliding

Abstract. Snow processes might be one important driver of soil erosion in Alpine grasslands and thus the unknown variable when erosion modelling is attempted. The aim of this study is to assess the importance of snow gliding as a soil erosion agent for four different land use/land cover types in a subalpine area in Switzerland. We used three different approaches to estimate soil erosion rates: sediment yield measurements in snow glide depositions, the fallout radionuclide 137Cs and modelling with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). RUSLE permits the evaluation of soil loss by water erosion, the 137Cs method integrates soil loss due to all erosion agents involved, and the measurement of snow glide deposition sediment yield can be directly related to snow-glide-induced erosion. Further, cumulative snow glide distance was measured for the sites in the winter of 2009/2010 and modelled for the surrounding area and long-term average winter precipitation (1959–2010) with the spatial snow glide model (SSGM). Measured snow glide distance confirmed the presence of snow gliding and ranged from 2 to 189 cm, with lower values on the north-facing slopes. We observed a reduction of snow glide distance with increasing surface roughness of the vegetation, which is an important information with respect to conservation planning and expected and ongoing land use changes in the Alps. Snow glide erosion estimated from the snow glide depositions was highly variable with values ranging from 0.03 to 22.9 t ha−1 yr−1 in the winter of 2012/2013. For sites affected by snow glide deposition, a mean erosion rate of 8.4 t ha−1 yr−1 was found. The difference in long-term erosion rates determined with RUSLE and 137Cs confirms the constant influence of snow-glide-induced erosion, since a large difference (lower proportion of water erosion compared to total net erosion) was observed for sites with high snow glide rates and vice versa. Moreover, the difference between RUSLE and 137Cs erosion rates was related to the measured snow glide distance (R2 = 0.64; p < 0.005) and to the snow deposition sediment yields (R2 = 0.39; p = 0.13). The SSGM reproduced the relative difference of the measured snow glide values under different land uses and land cover types. The resulting map highlighted the relevance of snow gliding for large parts of the investigated area. Based on these results, we conclude that snow gliding appears to be a crucial and non-negligible process impacting soil erosion patterns and magnitude in subalpine areas with similar topographic and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion Hazard in Northern Jordan Using Remote Sensing and GIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 912-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Minwer Alkharabsheh ◽  
T.K. Alexandridis ◽  
G. Bilas ◽  
N. Misopolinos ◽  
N. Silleos
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Erosion Hazard ◽  
Northern Jordan

scholarly journals Impacts of land use changes on soil erosion in Pa Deng sub-district, adjacent area of Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wijitkosum
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
National Park ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Study Results

Soil erosion has been considered as the primary cause of soil degradation since soil erosion leads to the loss of topsoil and soil organic matters which are essential for the growing of plants. Land use, which relates to land cover, is one of the influential factors that affect soil erosion. In this study, impacts of land use changes on soil erosion in Pa Deng sub-district, adjacent area of Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand, were investigated by applying remote sensing technique, geographical information system (GIS) and the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The study results revealed that land use changes in terms of area size and pattern influenced the soil erosion risk in Pa Deng in the 1990&ndash;2010 period. The area with smaller land cover obviously showed the high risk of soil erosion than the larger land cover did.

scholarly journals Modeling watershed carbon dynamics as affected by land cover change and soil erosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 459 ◽  
pp. 109724
Author(s):  
Jinxun Liu ◽  
Benjiamin Sleeter ◽  
Paul C. Selmants ◽  
Jiaojiao Diao ◽  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Carbon Dynamics
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