scholarly journals Long-term Resting Metabolic Rate Analysis in Pregnancy and Weight Loss Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayok ◽  
Teresa Wu ◽  
Erica Forzani ◽  
Corrie Whisner ◽  
David Jackemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions ◽  
In Pregnancy

In this paper, we first studied the change in resting metabolic rate (RMR) of 4 women during their pregnancy period. We retrospectively analyzed published data, which lacked rigorous statistical analysis. We introduced new data that helps to define RMR baseline variabilities and further compare the RMR fluctuations in steady physiological conditions (no pregnancy, no weight/diet/exercise regime change) to assess “true” RMR changes that can guide healthy weight management in pregnancy and other conditions. For each subject, the change in the RMR values were computed as the difference between the values during the metabolic rate inspection period and the baseline values. This difference was compared against the difference values of a reference subject, using a two-sided paired t-test at the significance level of 5%. Our results indicated that some subjects exhibit a statistically significant increase, some exhibit a decrease while others show no significant statistical variation in RMR values during pregnancy. These are important findings that demystify the old idea that the RMR of a pregnant woman “always” increases since she is generating a new life; rather, individualized physiological processes can produce metabolic changes that cannot be generalized and need individual RMR measurements throughout pregnancy. The insights gained from this study were then applied to retrospectively analyze the RMR of 20 subjects during a 6-month pilot weight loss intervention with 89% efficiency in weight loss. Our analysis revealed that there was no significant decrease in metabolic activities at the end of the program. Although this contradicts the belief that weight loss is associated with a decrease in metabolic activities, our results can be explained by the fact that subjects adhered to a healthy nutritional diet and regular exercise during the pro- gram; thus, the effect of weight loss on decreasing the RMR was counter-balanced by the effect of healthier diet and exercise on increasing the RMR, which helped in maintaining a steady and healthy metabolic rate. Both studies, pregnancy and weight loss interventions indicated that changes in the metabolic rate of pregnant women and individuals undergoing weight loss interventions are unpredictable, therefore there is an urgent need to implement personalized practices of weight management by periodically measuring RMR and adjusting food caloric intakes based on the individual’s metabolic rate.

Effect of age on body composition and resting metabolic rate

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (2) ◽  
pp. E233-E238 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Fukagawa ◽  
L. G. Bandini ◽  
J. B. Young
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Old Men

The relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) was compared in young men (n = 24; age 18-33 yr), old men (n = 24; 69-89 yr), and old women (n = 20; 67-75 yr). Body composition was assessed using anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and isotope dilution with 18O-labeled water. RMR was measured at least twice using an open-circuit indirect calorimetry system with a ventilated hood. The results indicate that the different methods for assessing body composition vary substantially and should not be used interchangeably. Anthropometry was not adequate to assess group differences in body fatness, although skinfold measures may be appropriate for within-group comparisons. BIA correlated well with the isotope-dilution technique and may be a useful measure of FFM. Finally, RMR was lower in the old men than the young (1.04 +/- 0.02 vs. 1.24 +/- 0.03 kcal/min, P less than 0.001) and remained lower even when adjusted for FFM estimated by isotope dilution (P less than 0.001). RMR in the women was also lower (0.84 +/- 0.02 kcal/min), but in contrast to the difference between young and old men, RMR adjusted for FFM did not differ (P = 0.16) between old men and women. Therefore, it is clear that differences in FFM cannot fully account for the lower RMR in the old, suggesting that aging is associated with an alteration in tissue energy metabolism.

scholarly journals Changes in Maternal Weight 5–10 Years after a First Delivery

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Britz ◽  
Kelly C McDermott ◽  
Christopher B Pierce ◽  
Joan L Blomquist ◽  
Victoria L Handa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Education History ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Aim: The objective of this study was to identify maternal, obstetrical and reproductive factors associated with long-term changes in maternal weight after delivery. Materials & methods: Participants were enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study of maternal health 5–10 years after childbirth. Data were obtained from obstetrical records and a self-administered questionnaire. Weight at the time of first delivery (5–10 years prior) was obtained retrospectively and each woman's weight at the time of her first delivery was compared with her current weight. Results: Among 948 women, obesity was associated with race, parity, education, history of diabetes and history of cesarean at the time of first delivery. On average, the difference between weight at the time of first delivery and weight 5–10 years later was −11 kg (11 kg weight loss). In a multivariate model, black race and diabetes were associated with significantly less weight loss. Cesarean delivery, parity and breastfeeding were not associated with changes in maternal weight. Conclusion: Black women and those with a history of diabetes may be appropriate targets for interventions that promote a long-term healthy weight after childbirth.

scholarly journals Impact of Hepatic Steatosis on Resting Metabolic Rate and Metabolic Adaptation in Response to Intentional Weight Loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 1347-1355
Author(s):  
Vikrant P. Rachakonda ◽  
James P. DeLany ◽  
Erin E. Kershaw ◽  
Jaideep Behari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss

scholarly journals GP-delivered brief weight loss interventions: a cohort study of patient responses and subsequent actions, using conversation analysis in UK primary care

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (674) ◽  
pp. e646-e653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Albury ◽  
Elizabeth Stokoe ◽  
Sue Ziebland ◽  
Helena Webb ◽  
Paul Aveyard
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Weight Management Programme ◽  
Patient Responses ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

BackgroundGuidelines encourage GPs to make brief opportunistic interventions to support weight loss. However, GPs fear that starting these discussions will lead to lengthy consultations. Recognising that patients are committed to take action could allow GPs to shorten brief interventions.AimTo examine which patient responses indicated commitment to action, and the time saved if these had been recognised and the consultation closed sooner.Design and settingA mixed-method cohort study of UK primary care patients participating in a trial of opportunistic weight management interventions.MethodConversation analysis was applied to 226 consultation audiorecordings to identify types of responses from patients that indicated that an offer of referral to weight management was well received. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to examine associations between response types and likelihood of weight management programme attendance.ResultsAffirmative responses, for example ‘yes’, displayed no conversational evidence that the referral was well received and showed no association with attendance: ‘yes’ (OR 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.37 to 3.95, P = 0.97). However, ‘oh’-prefaced responses and marked positive responses, for example ‘lovely’, showed conversational evidence of enthusiasm and were associated with higher odds of commercial weight management service attendance. Recognising these could have saved doctors a mean of 31 seconds per consultation.ConclusionWhen doctors make brief opportunistic interventions that incorporate the offer of help, ‘oh’-prefaced or marked positive responses indicate enthusiastic acceptance of the offer and a higher likelihood of take-up. Recognising these responses and moving swiftly to facilitate patient action would shorten the brief intervention in many cases.

Acute Effects of a Weight Loss Supplement on Resting Metabolic Rate and Anaerobic Exercise Performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S403
Author(s):  
Alvah C. Stahlnecker ◽  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Douglas S. King
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Acute Effects

scholarly journals The associations of resting metabolic rate with chronic conditions and weight loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. G. Christensen ◽  
L. Raiber ◽  
S. Wharton ◽  
M. A. Rotondi ◽  
J. L. Kuk
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate

Weight Loss and Weight Cycling in Amateur Wrestlers: Implications for Performance and Resting Metabolic Rate

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Horswill
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Weight Cycling ◽  
Glycogen Depletion

Amateur wrestlers practice weight loss for ergogenic reasons. The effects of rapid weight loss on aerobic performance are adverse and profound, but the effects on anaerobic performance are equivocal Anaerobic performance—strength and power—may be the most relevant type of performance to the wrestler. Maintenance of or even small decrements in anaerobic performance may translate into improvements in performance relative to the weight class, the factor by which wrestlers are matched for competition. During the recovery period between the official weigh-in and competition, wrestlers achieve at least partial nutritional recovery, which appears to benefit performance. Successive bouts of (a) weight loss to make weight and (b) recovery for performance lead to weight cycling. There is speculation that weight cycling may contribute to chronic glycogen depletion, reductions in fat-free weight, a decrease in resting metabolic rate, and an increase in body fat. The latter two would augment the difficulty of losing weight for subsequent weigh-ins. Most research indicates that the suppressed resting metabolic rate with weight loss in wrestlers appears to be transient, but subsequent research is needed for confirmation.

Regression-based approach is needed to compare predicted and measured resting metabolic rate after weight loss and body composition changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Browning ◽  
Jad Khoraki ◽  
Guilherme M. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Composition Changes
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