scholarly journals Quantitative Cooperation Analysis among Cross-chain Smart Contracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Su
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Network ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Edge Weight ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Cross

<div>In cross-chain scenarios, there are different blockchains, which need to cooperate. Cooperation among different blockchains is done by smart contracts that work together to complete cross-chain tasks. When numerous cooperative smart contracts are involved, smart contracts form a complex interaction network, which makes it difficult to evaluate the cooperation. It needs a common model to quantitatively analyze the cross-chain cooperation of associated smart contracts. In this paper, we model the cooperation among smart contracts as conditions and their corresponding actions, the condition-trigger model. Then we propose the method to calculate the cooperation probabilities by the graph weight. As the edge weight lacks the information of interaction probabilities, we introduce the dimension of the edge weight to calculate the probabilities. Finally, we verify the proposed condition-trigger model and its different types. It demonstrates that our proposed methods can effectively analyze the cross-chain cooperation among smart contracts.</div>

scholarly journals Quantitative Cooperation Analysis among Cross-chain Smart Contracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Su
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Network ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Edge Weight ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Cross

<div>In cross-chain scenarios, there are different blockchains, which need to cooperate. Cooperation among different blockchains is done by smart contracts that work together to complete cross-chain tasks. When numerous cooperative smart contracts are involved, smart contracts form a complex interaction network, which makes it difficult to evaluate the cooperation. It needs a common model to quantitatively analyze the cross-chain cooperation of associated smart contracts. In this paper, we model the cooperation among smart contracts as conditions and their corresponding actions, the condition-trigger model. Then we propose the method to calculate the cooperation probabilities by the graph weight. As the edge weight lacks the information of interaction probabilities, we introduce the dimension of the edge weight to calculate the probabilities. Finally, we verify the proposed condition-trigger model and its different types. It demonstrates that our proposed methods can effectively analyze the cross-chain cooperation among smart contracts.</div>

scholarly journals Direction and Velocity of the Ball in Volleyball Spike Depending on Location on Court

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Piotr Tabor ◽  
Czesław Urbanik ◽  
Andrzej Mastalerz
Keyword(s):  
Different Types ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between the direction and velocity of the ball in volleyball spike. We adopted the hypothesis that the direction of an attack is dependent upon the arrangement of the pectoral girdles in the phase of flight. Material and methods. The research was carried out for four different types of attacks: from the left side of the court down the line (A) and in the cross-court direction (B) and from the right side in the same directions (C and D). Sixteen young volleyball players from a Sports Championship School run by the Polish Volleyball Federation were examined. Results. The analysis of the results showed different ball velocities in different attacks. The velocity was the lowest in attack B and the highest in attack D. Conclusions. The direction of attack was produced by hitting the ball in a non-central manner and by aligning the glenohumeral joints diagonally to the net.

Decisions Open to Appeal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Naômé
Keyword(s):  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Interim Measures

This chapter describes the decisions of the General Court (GCEU) that are open to appeal before the Court of Justice (ECJ) and the different types of appeal that can be identified. Besides the ordinary appeal, it is possible to bring an appeal against decisions refusing leave to intervene or interlocutory decisions (suspension of application or of enforcement, interim measures). The cross-appeal is a judicial creation. Appeals relating solely to the costs of the procedure are inadmissible.

scholarly journals Effects of Using Channelling Devices to Increase Efficiency of Hydrokinetic Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
A. Kalnacs ◽  
J. Kalnacs ◽  
A. Mutule ◽  
V. Entins
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Power Output ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Increase Efficiency ◽  
Flow Velocities

Abstract In the rivers of Latvia and of many other countries the flow velocity in the places that are most suitable for installation of hydrokinetic devices is 0.4 to 0.9 m/s. In a stream or a river the hydrokinetic devices can reach full efficiency starting from about twice higher flow velocities. It is advisable to at least double this velocity thus increasing the efficiency and power output of the hydrokinetic devices installed in such places. Since Latvia has abundance of slow rivers and almost none are fast, research in this field is of high importance. Diversified technical methods are known that allow increasing substantially the efficiency of hydrokinetic devices. These methods include the use of diffusers, concentrators, different types of other channelling devices and means of flow control. Desirable effects are achieved through changing the cross-section and/or direction of a flow, its pressure, minimizing the turbulence, etc. This work substantiates the use of such devices for increasing the efficiency of hydrokinetic devices. A method is proposed for evaluation of the effects on power output gained owing to the use of channelling devices. Results show that the efficiency of hydrokinetic devices can be increased by at least 110%.

scholarly journals Exploring the Dynamic Organization of Random and Evolved Boolean Networks

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Gianluca d’Addese ◽  
Salvatore Magrì ◽  
Roberto Serra ◽  
Marco Villani
Keyword(s):  
Fitness Function ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Boolean Networks ◽  
Dynamic Regime ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Critical Dynamic ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Dynamic Organization

The properties of most systems composed of many interacting elements are neither determined by the topology of the interaction network alone, nor by the dynamical laws in isolation. Rather, they are the outcome of the interplay between topology and dynamics. In this paper, we consider four different types of systems with critical dynamic regime and with increasingly complex dynamical organization (loosely defined as the emergent property of the interactions between topology and dynamics) and analyze them from a structural and dynamic point of view. A first noteworthy result, previously hypothesized but never quantified so far, is that the topology per se induces a notable increase in dynamic organization. A second observation is that evolution does not change dramatically the size distribution of the present dynamic groups, so it seems that it keeps track of the already present organization induced by the topology. Finally, and similarly to what happens in other applications of evolutionary algorithms, the types of dynamic changes strongly depend upon the used fitness function.

scholarly journals My Body of Work: Promotional Labor and the Bundling of Complementary Work

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311879423
Author(s):  
David Schieber
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Qualitative Interview ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Film Production ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Cross

What if certain types of work allow workers to earn higher incomes when bundled together? Using qualitative interview data on the careers of sex workers in California, the author argues that workers can attempt to increase overall earnings by taking part in promotional labor: a specific type of labor in which workers strategically bundle complementary forms of work with differing status and income levels to increase overall income. Because of a sharp decline in adult film production beginning in 2007, adult film performers relied on escorting to make up for lower wages and fewer filming opportunities. However, these sex workers still performed in adult films, despite filming being more time intensive and less financially lucrative, to promote themselves as high-end escorts. The author concludes that promotional labor is a mechanism by which workers and firms in general mitigate labor uncertainty by using the cross-promotional benefits of different types of complementary work.

The Impact of Wavelength Step on Radial Velocity Error

2012 ◽  
Vol 239-240 ◽  
pp. 794-797
Author(s):  
Fang Zuo ◽  
A Li Luo
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Stellar Spectra ◽  
Velocity Error ◽  
Target Spectrum ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internal Error

Radial velocity (RV) of a star caused by Doppler shift could be easily measured by cross-correlated it’s spectrum with a serial template. Generally, the RV error of a spectrum always is given by the widths of the cross-correlation function of the target spectrum and related template spectrum. RV error comes from many factors, causing from instruments, observation weather, etc.. In this paper, simulation with different types of stellar spectra, which has different temperature, is implemented. The results show that there is an internal error which is not generated by the calculation steps for a given resolution step, for example, 5km/s error exists in the cross-correlation based RV measurement method for resolution about R~2000. The simulation also proves that this error could not be avoided for any type of stars.

scholarly journals Inteligencia y derechos humanos en la sociedad digital | Intelligence and Human Rights in Digital Society

2019 ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Jesús Ignacio Martínez García
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Different Types

Resumen: Se efectúa una aproximación a los derechos humanos desde la perspectiva de la inteligencia en sus distintas facetas, especialmente desde la inteligencia artificial pero también desde la inteligencia institucional y la emocional. Aparecen como derechos inteligentes, que desarrollan la inteligencia de los individuos y hacen a las sociedades más inteligentes. Se presenta su dimensión cognitiva y su capacidada para cuestionar programas. Son instancias críticas que preservan la dignidad de los seres humanos en su compleja interacción con las máquinas inteligentes y estimulan un pensamiento no mecánico. Absrtact: This article aims to give an approach to the human rights from the point of view of intelligence in their different types, especially from artificial intelligence, but also from institutional and emotional intelligence. They appear as smart rights that develop the intelligence of the individuals and make societies more intelligent. Their cognitive dimension is shown, as well as their capacity to question programs. They are critical instances that preserve the human dignity in their complex interaction with intelligent machines and stimulate a not-mechanical thinking.

scholarly journals The Influences of Live Streaming Affordance in Cross-Border E-Commerce Platforms

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yujing Xu ◽  
Wenqian Jiang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Jia Guo
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the promise of cross-border e-commerce, attracting consumers is still a worldwide challenge. Many cross-border e-commerce platforms have responded to the challenges by embracing innovative tools like live streaming. However, there has been limited understandings of the unique nature of live streaming and its empirical influence. Taking an affordance view of live streaming, this study defines affordance of live streaming as the capacities provided by live streaming and examines how affordance of live streaming affect consumer behavior in the cross-border e-commerce context based on information transparency perspective. Results show that although live streaming does not directly affect consumers’ cross-border purchase intention, it can increase consumers’ purchase intention through increasing perceived information transparency. In addition, affordance of live streaming can further moderate the relationship between different types of information transparency and consumers’ cross-border purchase intention. The findings provide a much-needed contribution to academia and business.

Bcl-xL inhibits tBid and Bax via distinct mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Garcia ◽  
Fabronia Murad
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Network ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Cellular Membranes ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeabilization

The proteins of the Bcl-2 family are key regulators of apoptosis. They form a complex interaction network in the cytosol and in the cellular membranes, whose outcome determines mitochondrial permeabilization...

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