ABO Blood Groups are Efficient in Delineating Relationships across Linguistic Subpopulations of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuzhat Aisha Akram
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Genealogical Relationship ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Varying frequencies of ABO blood groups serve objectively to characterize populations just as the traditional characters are observed and measured by anthropologist. The study aimed to delineate genealogical relationships across the five major linguistic subpopulations of Pakistan using ABO blood groups phenotype and gene frequencies. Methods: This was a prospective multiple cohort study design. The study was conducted during 2009-2014. In Karachi. Cohorts were formed because of mother tongue and termed as linguistic subpopulations. There were five major cohorts namely Balochi, Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu. Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu belong to Indo Aryan class while Balochi and Pashto belong to Indo Iranian class of languages. Blood samples were collected from 2,327 unrelated individuals chosen through random sampling from different sampling units. ABO blood groups were determined using antisera. ABO gene frequencies were estimated through Bernstein methods. Cluster and Correspondence analyses were performed to explore genealogical relationships between the five linguistic subpopulations. Results: Gene B was the most common across all the subpopulations except Balochis which showed relatively higher frequency of gene A. Dendrogram of cluster analysis and bi-plot of correspondence analysis showed closeness of three Indo Aryan linguistic subpopulations namely Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu, while Indo Iranian linguistic subpopulations Balochi and Pashto stood out from Indo Aryan cluster. Conclusion: ABO blood groups efficiently delineated genealogical relationship between the five linguistic subpopulations of Pakistan. Randomization, un-relatedness and a larger sample size enhanced the reliability of the results. Inclusion of more genetic markers may further elaborate the relationships between the subpopulations.

ABO Blood Groups and Sickle-cell Trait Investigations in Madhya Pradesh Indore District (Central India)

1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Central India ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mixed Sample ◽  
Pooled Data

SummaryBlood samples from five hundred and ninety five individuals belonging to Indore district of west Madhya Pradesh were tested for ABO blood groups, and two hundred and ninety three of them were tested for the sickle-cell trait.The investigated groups include: the Kadve Kulmi, the Khati, the Rami Mali, the Balai, the Bhil and a mixed sample of various castes. The aforesaid groups, within the district, are found to be homogeneous, as far as the ABO blood groups distributions are concerned. Frequencies for the O, A and B genes have been found to be 0.5251, 0.1587 and 0.3162, respectively, in the pooled data.Sickle-cell trait has been detected in the Balai, the Charmakar or Chamar and the Bhil.

scholarly journals HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Vivi Keumala Mutiawati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Maternal Antibodies ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstrak. Pemahaman penyakit hemolitik pada bayi baru lahir telah berubah selama beberapa dekade terakhir. Penyakit hemolitik akibat inkompatibilitas ABO dan aloantibodi lainnya kini muncul sebagai penyebab utama. Banyak negara telah mengidentifikasi aloantibodi selain anti D sebagai penyebab penyakit hemolitik dengan gejala klinis sedang sampai dengan berat. Prevalensi dan frekuensi populasi antibodi anti-A dan anti B dari golongan darah ABO berguna dalam memprediksi perkiraan anak yang lahir oleh wanita golongan darah O yang menikahi suami golongan darah bukan O yang berisiko menjadi ABO HDN. Kelainan ABO HDN disebabkan oleh antibodi IgG pada ibu disebabkan kemampuan IgG untuk melewati sawar darah plasenta. Eritrosit yang peka oleh antibodi dihancurkan oleh makrofag pada limpa janin dengan gejala klinis hiperbilirubinemia. Kelainan ABO HDN memberikan gambaran klinis yang lebih ringan pada populasi, dan ditandai dengan derajat hemolisis yang ringan. Diagnosis biasanya dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan bayi baru lahir yang telah mengalami ikterus pada hari pertama kehidupan. Keywords: Penyakit hemolitik bayi baru lahir, aloantibodi golongan darah, ikterus Abstract. The spectrum of hemolytic disease of the newborn has changed over the last decades. Hemolytic disease due to ABO incompatibility and other alloantibodies has now emerged as major causes. Many countries have identified alloantibodies other than anti D as a cause of moderate-severe hemolytic disease. The prevalence of immune anti A and anti B antibodies and the population and gene frequencies of the various ABO blood groups are useful in predicting an estimate of children born by blood group O women married to non-group O husband who are at risk of developing ABO HDN. ABO HDN is caused by IgG maternal antibodies which have the ability to cross the placental barrier. The red cells which are sensitized by the antibodies are destroyed by macrophages in fetal spleen with consequent hyperbilirubinemai. ABO HDN is described as a condition having a very low incidence in the population and characterized by a a mild degree of hemolysis. Diagnosis is usually made by investigation of a newborn baby who has developed jaundice during the first day of life. Keywords: Hemolytic disease of the newborn, blood groups alloantibodies, joundice 

ON THE ABO GENE AND Rh CHROMOSOME DISTRIBUTION IN THE WHITE POPULATION OF MANITOBA

1949 ◽  
Vol 27e (4) ◽  
pp. 214-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chown ◽  
R. F. Peterson ◽  
Marion Lewis ◽  
Ann Hall
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
White Population ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chromosome Distribution ◽  
Test Of Homogeneity ◽  
Low Incidence

In the Province of Manitoba, Canada, all men and women prior to marriage have their ABO and Rh blood groups determined. An analysis has been made of ABO and Rh data from blood samples of 3100 individuals of white race.The calculated O, A, B gene frequencies in per cent based on the sample of 3100 individuals were as follows: O, 65.77; A, 26.07; B, 8.48. The calculated frequencies of Rh chromosomes for the same sample in per cent were as follows: R1, 43.48; r, 39.55; R2, 12.87; R0, 1.91; R′, 1.24; R″, 0. 73; Rz, 0. 22; Ry 0.00.Frequencies of O, A, B genes and Rh chromosomes within the major national groups were also estimated and shown in comparison with the corresponding O, A, B gene frequencies for Great Britain and Rh chromosome frequencies for England.The major national groups were compared in pairs by means of the Test of Homogeneity, with respect to the distribution, first of the ABO phenotypes, and then of the major Rh phenotypes. In general the Hebrew, Ukrainian, and Polish differed significantly from the remaining groups in distribution of the ABO phenotypes, due to a comparatively high frequency of the B phenotype in the former. With respect to the distribution of the Rh phenotypes the Hebrew group differed significantly from all others, due to a comparatively low incidence of the r phenotype.

Placental Forms and Zygosity Determination of Twins in Ibadan, Western NigeriaA study of 1475 twin maternities

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. S. Nylander
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Twin Pair ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Registrar General ◽  
Very High

The incidence of twinning in Western Nigeria is very high, being 45‰ (Nylander, 1969a), as compared with 11-12‰ in Caucasian populations (Registrar General, 1967). A recent study of twinning in Ibadan, in which zygosity of individual twin pairs was determined, has shown that the pattern of placentation and zygosity in this population is also very different from that in Caucasian populations.As many as 1475 consecutive newborn twin pairs delivered in three hospitals in Ibadan between March 1967 and April 1969 were investigated.The placentae of the twins were examined macroscopically by the author personally to determine the form (whether single, fused, double or separate) and the membrane relationships (whether monochorionic or dichorionic) as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The membrane relationship was confirmed by histological examination.Cord blood samples were collected from each twin pair and studied for (1) ABO, Rh (using antisera, C, c, D, E, e), MNSs and Gonzales blood groups and (2) G6PD electrophoretic pattern. Other blood groups like Fya, k and Jk, used initially, were discontinued later, because the gene frequencies in this population are such that they are uninformative for zygosity determination.Samples of the placenta of each twin were sent in refrigerated containers to the Galton Laboratory, London University, for placental enzyme studies — phosphoglucomutase and peptidase (Hopkinson and Harris, 1968; Lewis and Harris, 1967).

scholarly journals Gene frequencies of ABO and rhesus blood groups in Sabians (Mandaeans), Iraq

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1035-1042
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Paper Document ◽  
Rh Blood Group

The present study aimed to determine the frequency of ABO and Rh blood group antigens among Sabians (Mandaeans) population. This paper document the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups among the Sabians (Mandaeans) population of Iraq.There is no data available on the ABO/Rh (D) frequencies in the Sabians (Mandaeans) population. Total 341 samples analyzed; phenotype O blood type has the highest frequency 49.9%, followed by A 28.7%, and B 13.8% whereas the lowest prevalent blood group was AB 7.6%. The overall phenotypic frequencies of ABO blood groups were O>A>B>AB. The allelic frequencies of O, A, and B alleles were 0.687, 0.2 and 0.1122 respectively. Rhesus study showed that with a percentage of 96.2% Rh (D) positive is by far the most prevalent, while Rh (d) negative is present only in 3.8% of the total population. The Sabians (Mandaeans) ethnic group showed the same distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups with others ethnic groups in Iraqi population.

scholarly journals Distribution of erythrocyte binding antigen 175 (EBA-175) alleles and ABO blood groups in a hypoendemic area in Senegal

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Sadikh Badiane ◽  
Ousmane Sarr ◽  
Awa Bineta Deme ◽  
Ambroise Dioum Ahouidi ◽  
Papa Elhadji Omar Gueye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Erythrocyte Binding ◽  
Blood Group Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Introduction: The study was conducted to determine for the first time the association between the erythrocyte binding antigen 175 (EBA-175) alleles and ABO blood groups in malaria patients living in Thies, a hypoendemic area in Senegal. Methodology: In 2007, the EBA-175 alleles and blood group types were determined by nested PCR and the Simonin test respectively in blood samples obtained from uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria positive patients. Results and conclusion: In total, 129 patients were enrolled in the study. The EBA-175 genotyping showed a prevalence of 67.45% for the F-allele, 27.90% for the C-allele and 4.65% of mixed C+F infection. The distribution of the ABO blood group type showed 59.8% for the O group, 19.7% for the A group, 17.2% for the B group, and 3.3% for the AB group. No correlation was noted between the EBA-175 alleles and either the blood group type or parasitemia.

scholarly journals Association of Malaria Parasitaemia with ABO/Rhesus Blood Group among Out-patients of Township Clinic Gwagwalada Abuja, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Binta Balarabe-Musa ◽  
H. R. Muhammad ◽  
H. Momo ◽  
F. A. Nnadike
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Falciparum Infection ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Malaria Parasitaemia ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
Control Methodology

Aim: This study was carried out to determine association of malaria parasitaemia with ABO/Rhesus blood group. Methodology: A total of 150 blood samples were randomly selected and examined for the presence of Plasmodium falciparum using microscopy, blood group was determined using agglutination technique. Results: A total 92 (61.3%) were found to be infected with P. falciparum, the prevalence was highest among under five (0-10) than older groups, and higher among males 55 (63.2%) than female 37 (58.7%). Majority of the patients were rhesus positive 90(64.3%) while 2(20.0%) were rhesus negative. High percentage of blood group O, 70 (46.7%) was observed, followed by A 39(26.0%), B 34 (22.7%) and AB 7 (4.6%). All ABO blood groups showed varied presence of P. falciparum 51(72.8%), 22(56.4%), 17(50.0%) and 2(28.5%) for O, A, B and AB, respectively. Parasite density was also higher in blood group O 70 (41.69%), followed by B 34 (30.67%), and A 39 (28.09%) then AB 7 (16.84%). Conclusion: It can be concluded that malaria parasitaemia is higher in males than female and in the younger ages than the older ones. Also Blood groups O are the most susceptible to malaria infection and AB are the least infected. However further investigation is needed to clearly establish the association ABO/Rhesus blood groups and P. falciparum infection and the need for intensified control methodology of the disease and education of the populace on the effect of rhesus negative cannot be over emphasized.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document