ON THE ABO GENE AND Rh CHROMOSOME DISTRIBUTION IN THE WHITE POPULATION OF MANITOBA

1949 ◽  
Vol 27e (4) ◽  
pp. 214-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chown ◽  
R. F. Peterson ◽  
Marion Lewis ◽  
Ann Hall
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
White Population ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chromosome Distribution ◽  
Test Of Homogeneity ◽  
Low Incidence

In the Province of Manitoba, Canada, all men and women prior to marriage have their ABO and Rh blood groups determined. An analysis has been made of ABO and Rh data from blood samples of 3100 individuals of white race.The calculated O, A, B gene frequencies in per cent based on the sample of 3100 individuals were as follows: O, 65.77; A, 26.07; B, 8.48. The calculated frequencies of Rh chromosomes for the same sample in per cent were as follows: R1, 43.48; r, 39.55; R2, 12.87; R0, 1.91; R′, 1.24; R″, 0. 73; Rz, 0. 22; Ry 0.00.Frequencies of O, A, B genes and Rh chromosomes within the major national groups were also estimated and shown in comparison with the corresponding O, A, B gene frequencies for Great Britain and Rh chromosome frequencies for England.The major national groups were compared in pairs by means of the Test of Homogeneity, with respect to the distribution, first of the ABO phenotypes, and then of the major Rh phenotypes. In general the Hebrew, Ukrainian, and Polish differed significantly from the remaining groups in distribution of the ABO phenotypes, due to a comparatively high frequency of the B phenotype in the former. With respect to the distribution of the Rh phenotypes the Hebrew group differed significantly from all others, due to a comparatively low incidence of the r phenotype.

scholarly journals HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Vivi Keumala Mutiawati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Maternal Antibodies ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstrak. Pemahaman penyakit hemolitik pada bayi baru lahir telah berubah selama beberapa dekade terakhir. Penyakit hemolitik akibat inkompatibilitas ABO dan aloantibodi lainnya kini muncul sebagai penyebab utama. Banyak negara telah mengidentifikasi aloantibodi selain anti D sebagai penyebab penyakit hemolitik dengan gejala klinis sedang sampai dengan berat. Prevalensi dan frekuensi populasi antibodi anti-A dan anti B dari golongan darah ABO berguna dalam memprediksi perkiraan anak yang lahir oleh wanita golongan darah O yang menikahi suami golongan darah bukan O yang berisiko menjadi ABO HDN. Kelainan ABO HDN disebabkan oleh antibodi IgG pada ibu disebabkan kemampuan IgG untuk melewati sawar darah plasenta. Eritrosit yang peka oleh antibodi dihancurkan oleh makrofag pada limpa janin dengan gejala klinis hiperbilirubinemia. Kelainan ABO HDN memberikan gambaran klinis yang lebih ringan pada populasi, dan ditandai dengan derajat hemolisis yang ringan. Diagnosis biasanya dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan bayi baru lahir yang telah mengalami ikterus pada hari pertama kehidupan. Keywords: Penyakit hemolitik bayi baru lahir, aloantibodi golongan darah, ikterus Abstract. The spectrum of hemolytic disease of the newborn has changed over the last decades. Hemolytic disease due to ABO incompatibility and other alloantibodies has now emerged as major causes. Many countries have identified alloantibodies other than anti D as a cause of moderate-severe hemolytic disease. The prevalence of immune anti A and anti B antibodies and the population and gene frequencies of the various ABO blood groups are useful in predicting an estimate of children born by blood group O women married to non-group O husband who are at risk of developing ABO HDN. ABO HDN is caused by IgG maternal antibodies which have the ability to cross the placental barrier. The red cells which are sensitized by the antibodies are destroyed by macrophages in fetal spleen with consequent hyperbilirubinemai. ABO HDN is described as a condition having a very low incidence in the population and characterized by a a mild degree of hemolysis. Diagnosis is usually made by investigation of a newborn baby who has developed jaundice during the first day of life. Keywords: Hemolytic disease of the newborn, blood groups alloantibodies, joundice 

Placental Forms and Zygosity Determination of Twins in Ibadan, Western NigeriaA study of 1475 twin maternities

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. S. Nylander
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Twin Pair ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Registrar General ◽  
Very High

The incidence of twinning in Western Nigeria is very high, being 45‰ (Nylander, 1969a), as compared with 11-12‰ in Caucasian populations (Registrar General, 1967). A recent study of twinning in Ibadan, in which zygosity of individual twin pairs was determined, has shown that the pattern of placentation and zygosity in this population is also very different from that in Caucasian populations.As many as 1475 consecutive newborn twin pairs delivered in three hospitals in Ibadan between March 1967 and April 1969 were investigated.The placentae of the twins were examined macroscopically by the author personally to determine the form (whether single, fused, double or separate) and the membrane relationships (whether monochorionic or dichorionic) as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The membrane relationship was confirmed by histological examination.Cord blood samples were collected from each twin pair and studied for (1) ABO, Rh (using antisera, C, c, D, E, e), MNSs and Gonzales blood groups and (2) G6PD electrophoretic pattern. Other blood groups like Fya, k and Jk, used initially, were discontinued later, because the gene frequencies in this population are such that they are uninformative for zygosity determination.Samples of the placenta of each twin were sent in refrigerated containers to the Galton Laboratory, London University, for placental enzyme studies — phosphoglucomutase and peptidase (Hopkinson and Harris, 1968; Lewis and Harris, 1967).

ABO Blood Groups are Efficient in Delineating Relationships across Linguistic Subpopulations of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuzhat Aisha Akram
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Genealogical Relationship ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Varying frequencies of ABO blood groups serve objectively to characterize populations just as the traditional characters are observed and measured by anthropologist. The study aimed to delineate genealogical relationships across the five major linguistic subpopulations of Pakistan using ABO blood groups phenotype and gene frequencies. Methods: This was a prospective multiple cohort study design. The study was conducted during 2009-2014. In Karachi. Cohorts were formed because of mother tongue and termed as linguistic subpopulations. There were five major cohorts namely Balochi, Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu. Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu belong to Indo Aryan class while Balochi and Pashto belong to Indo Iranian class of languages. Blood samples were collected from 2,327 unrelated individuals chosen through random sampling from different sampling units. ABO blood groups were determined using antisera. ABO gene frequencies were estimated through Bernstein methods. Cluster and Correspondence analyses were performed to explore genealogical relationships between the five linguistic subpopulations. Results: Gene B was the most common across all the subpopulations except Balochis which showed relatively higher frequency of gene A. Dendrogram of cluster analysis and bi-plot of correspondence analysis showed closeness of three Indo Aryan linguistic subpopulations namely Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu, while Indo Iranian linguistic subpopulations Balochi and Pashto stood out from Indo Aryan cluster. Conclusion: ABO blood groups efficiently delineated genealogical relationship between the five linguistic subpopulations of Pakistan. Randomization, un-relatedness and a larger sample size enhanced the reliability of the results. Inclusion of more genetic markers may further elaborate the relationships between the subpopulations.

Search for Melanoma Markers in Plasma and Serum Samples

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Seraglia ◽  
Susanna Vogliardi ◽  
Graziella Allegri ◽  
Stefano Comai ◽  
Mario Lise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Ions

Fourteen blood samples from patients with melanomas and 11 blood samples from healthy subjects were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The study focussed on species of low molecular weight, in the 800–5000 Da range, present in plasma and sera. While for healthy subjects plasma samples lead to the production of a higher number of ionic species, for melanoma patients a high number of diagnostic ions, present with high frequency and with quite high relative abundance, are present, in particular, in serum samples and, to a lesser extent, also in plasma. Since plasma samples are obtained more easily in comparison to sera, it is possible to suggest that plasma can also be used for these studies.

Reference intervals for thyreotropin and thyroid hormones for healthy adults based on the NOBIDA material and determined using a Modular E170®

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Friis-Hansen ◽  
Linda Hilsted
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Thyroglobulin Antibodies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Upper Limit

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to establish Nordic reference intervals for thyreotropin (TSH) and the thyroid hormones in heparinized plasma.: We used 489 heparinized blood samples, collected in the morning, from the Nordic NOBIDA reference material, from healthy adults without medication. TSH, thyroxine, free thyroxine, triiodothyronine, free triiodothyronine, and thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg-ab) were measured using assays for Roche Modular E170: The measured concentrations for the thyroid hormones, but not TSH, followed a Gaussian distribution. There were more TPO-ab and Tg-ab positive women than men. After exclusion of the TPO-ab and the Tg-ab positive individuals, the reference interval TSH was 0.64 (0.61–0.72) to 4.7 (4.4–5.0) mIU/L. The exclusion of these ab-positive samples also minimized the differences in TSH concentrations between the sexes and the different Nordic countries. For the thyroid hormones, there were only minor differences between the reference intervals between the Nordic populations and between men and women. These reference intervals were unaffected by removal of the TPO-ab and TG-ab positive samples.: The upper limit of the TSH reference interval in our study is high compared to some other recent reports. This could be due to blood sampling in the morning. Furthermore, the Roche platform gives slightly higher results than other platforms. The number and distribution of the samples in the NOBIDA material makes it suitable for the determination of hormone Nordic reference intervals.Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;46:1305–12.

scholarly journals Contributing Determinants to Hearing Loss in Elderly Men and Women: Results from the Population-Based Rotterdam Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie C. Rigters ◽  
Mick Metselaar ◽  
Marjan H. Wieringa ◽  
Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Rotterdam Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

To contribute to a better understanding of the etiology in age-related hearing loss, we carried out a cross-sectional study of 3,315 participants (aged 52-99 years) in the Rotterdam Study, to analyze both low- and high-frequency hearing loss in men and women. Hearing thresholds with pure-tone audiometry were obtained, and other detailed information on a large number of possible determinants was collected. Hearing loss was associated with age, education, systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption (inverse correlation). Remarkably, different associations were found for low- and high-frequency loss, as well as between men and women, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved in the etiology of age-related hearing loss.

Sterilisation as a Method of Contraception: Recent Trends in Great Britain and their Implications

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Life Table ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
General Household Survey

SummaryData on patterns and trends in sterilisation in Britain among women, men and couples are presented using life table approaches with data from a national survey, the General Household Survey. Among couples under age 50, sterilisation is the main method of contraception used, with slightly more women than men being sterilised, although this is reversed if only contraceptive sterilisation is considered. Trends in contraception have remained relatively constant in recent decades. Patterns of sterilisation differ following births of different orders. For example, the resort to sterilisation is much quicker after a third birth than after a second. The proportions of men and women who have been sterilised and then formed a subsequent partnership are very small, so the effect of sterilisation in preventing births in such unions is negligible.

Blood Protein Polymorphism in Harp Seals off Eastern Canada

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1397-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Nævdal
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Protein Polymorphism ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zone Electrophoresis

Blood samples from 208 harp seals taken in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and 175 taken off the east coast of Newfoundland showed no significant difference in frequency distributions of the serum transferrins or in gene frequencies. The samples were collected in the pupping season and analyzed by zone electrophoresis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document