scholarly journals Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Obese Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vina Rosalina ◽  
Maria Mexitalia ◽  
Dwi Wastoro
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Background : Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is strongly associated with obesity. The common presenting complaints are excessive daytime sleepiness and loud snoring which potential for significant comorbidity of metabolic syndrome and decreasing in quality of life. Case : An 11-year-old obese boy was refereed to Dr. Kariadi Hospital with complaints of fatique and frontal headache. His mother reported the loud snoring, apneic events during the night, excessive daytime sleepiness, increased irritability, and difficulty of school learning. Imaging studies showed cardiomegaly, adenoidal/nasopharyngeal ratio 0.714; opaque mass on cervical and airway space narrowing. Tympanometric audiogram showed mild right conductive hearing loss. The patient was diagnosed with OSAS, chronic and hypertrophic adenotonsillitis, severe hypertension, dilated right ventricle, right conductive hearing loss, obesity. The boy was undergone adenotonsillectomy and management of weight lossed. Antihipertensive and other supportive medication were given and good results. Discussion : The recommended initial treatment, even in obese children, consists of surgical removal of the adenoids and tonsils.5,6 Several studies have shown that adenotonsillectomy reverses the symptoms and confirm the beneficial effects for OSAS on children's growth, school performance, improvements in PSG, behavior, QoL and cardiac function. The success rate for adenotonsillectomy in the context of OSA was approximately 85%. Conclusion : Adenotonsillectomy and weight reduction is considered to be the primary intervention for OSAS children. Because the case had also severe hypertension, antihypertensive and other supportive medicine were give and had a good result. Keywords : OSAS, obesity, children, adenotonsillectomy  

scholarly journals MR Image Analytics to Characterize the Upper Airway Structure in Obese Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0159327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubing Tong ◽  
Jayaram K. Udupa ◽  
Sanghun Sin ◽  
Zhengbing Liu ◽  
E. Paul Wileyto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Mr Image ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Upper Airway Structure

scholarly journals Adenotonsillectomy in Obese Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings and Considerations

SLEEP ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Nandalike ◽  
Keivan Shifteh ◽  
Sanghun Sin ◽  
Temima Strauss ◽  
Allison Stakofsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

scholarly journals Childhood Obesity and Respiratory Diseases: Which Link?

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Emanuela di di Palmo ◽  
Emanuele Filice ◽  
Alessandra Cavallo ◽  
Carlo Caffarelli ◽  
Giulio Maltoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Prevalence of childhood obesity is progressively increasing, reaching worldwide levels of 5.6% in girls and of 7.8% in boys. Several evidences showed that obesity is a major preventable risk factor and disease modifier of some respiratory conditions such as asthma and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Co-occurrence of asthma and obesity may be due to common pathogenetic factors including exposure to air pollutants and tobacco smoking, Western diet, and low Vitamin D levels. Lung growth and dysanapsis phenomenon in asthmatic obese children play a role in impaired respiratory function which appears to be different than in adults. Genes involved in both asthma and obesity have been identified, though a gene-by-environment interaction has not been properly investigated yet. The identification of modifiable environmental factors influencing gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms may change the natural history of both diseases. Another important pediatric respiratory condition associated with obesity is Sleep-Disordered Breathing (SDB), especially Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). OSAS and obesity are linked by a bidirectional causality, where the effects of one affect the other. The factors most involved in the association between OSAS and obesity are oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and gut microbiota. In OSAS pathogenesis, obesity’s role appears to be mainly due to mechanical factors leading to an increase of respiratory work at night-time. However, a causal link between obesity-related inflammatory state and OSAS pathogenesis still needs to be properly confirmed. To prevent obesity and its complications, family education and precocious lifestyle changes are critical. A healthy diet may lead to an improved quality of life in obese children suffering from respiratory diseases. The present review aimed to investigate the links between obesity, asthma and OSAS, focusing on the available evidence and looking for future research fields.

scholarly journals Anterior nasal resistance in obese children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (11) ◽  
pp. 2640-2644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghun Sin ◽  
David M. Wootton ◽  
Joseph M. McDonough ◽  
Kiran Nandalike ◽  
Raanan Arens
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Nasal Resistance ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

scholarly journals Childhood obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raanan Arens ◽  
Hiren Muzumdar
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

The increasing prevalence of obesity in children seems to be associated with an increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to this association include the following: adenotonsillar hypertrophy due to increased somatic growth, increased critical airway closing pressure, altered chest wall mechanics, and abnormalities of ventilatory control. However, the details of these mechanisms and their interactions have not been elucidated. In addition, obesity and OSAS are both associated with metabolic syndrome, which is a constellation of features such as hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and prothrombotic and proinflammatory states. There is some evidence that OSAS may contribute to the progression of metabolic syndrome with a potential for significant morbidity. The treatment of OSAS in obese children has not been standardized. Adenotonsillectomy is considered the primary intervention followed by continuous positive airway pressure treatment if OSAS persists. Other methods such as oral appliances, surgery, positional therapy, and weight loss may be beneficial for individual subjects. The present review discusses these issues and suggests an approach to the management of obese children with snoring and possible OSAS.

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