scholarly journals Algorithm of biophenotyping and choice of medication for targeted therapy of severe uncontrolled asthma with eosinophilic type of airways inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
N I Ilina ◽  
N M Nenasheva ◽  
S N Avdeev ◽  
Z R Aisanov ◽  
V V Arkhipov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Beta Agonists ◽  
Biomarker Testing ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Long Acting

The article is based on the resolution of the Expert Council, including experts from Russian Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists (RAACI) and Russian Respiratory Society (RRS) dated November 20, 2016, and the review of clinical studies results and publications on the biomarker-based diagnosis and biological treatment of severe uncontrolled asthma. The aim of this work is to develop a phenotype-oriented algorithm of diagnostics and treatment of severe asthma, supported by the biomarker testing for subsequent selection of appropriate immunobiological treatment. The article constitutes the summary of results of clinical studies and expert opinions on the treatment of asthma in patients who do not achieve disease control with standard treatment regimens including high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in the combination with long-acting beta-agonists, tiotropium, and medications from other pharmacological groups according to Russian Respiratory Society (2016) and GINA (2016-2017) guidelines. The article summarizes the results of international randomized clinical studies performed to assess safety and efficacy of new class of biological treatments, monoclonal antibodies acting against major cytokines that are responsible for inflammation, in patients with severe asthma, including a new anti-IL-5 antibody, reslizumab (Cinqaero).

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Monitoring Asthma Treatment using Sputum Cell Counts

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 370-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesel D’silva ◽  
Amiram Gafni ◽  
Lehana Thabane ◽  
Lata Jayaram ◽  
Pat Hussack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Sputum Induction ◽  
Beta Agonists ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
The Cost

BACKGROUND: In a four-centre trial, the use of sputum cell counts (sputum strategy [SS]) to guide treatment had resulted in fewer and less severe exacerbations without the need for a higher corticosteroid dose, compared with the use of symptoms and spirometry (clinical strategy [CS]).OBJECTIVE: To compare the cost of the SS with the CS in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe asthma.METHODS: In 39 patients (19 in the SS, 20 in the CS) from one of the centres, the cost (third-party payer) of the two treatment strategies was compared. Resource use data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Corresponding unit costs in 2006 Canadian dollars were obtained.RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of the patients were similar to the study population at the four centres. In the SS, the number of visits to a family physician for health disorders indirectly related to asthma (P=0.003) and the amount of inhaled long-acting beta-agonists (P=0.007) were less than that of the CS. While the total estimated median cost per patient for spirometry ($393; range $299 to $487) was less than that for sputum induction ($1,008; range $907 to $1,411), the total cost of the SS ($2,265; range $1,466 to $4,347) was less than that of the CS ($3369; range $2208 to $3927) (P=0.216). This cost difference was due to lower costs of physician and hospital visits and services (P=0.078), of inhaled short-acting bronchodilators (P=0.067), of long-acting beta-agonists (P=0.002) and of inhaled corticosteroids (P=0.064) in the SS.CONCLUSION: In patients with moderate to severe asthma, the use of sputum cell counts to guide treatment is more effective and is likely to be less costly than management using symptoms and spirometry.

Diagnosis and Management of Severe Asthma

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 091-099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kian Fan Chung
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Eosinophilic Asthma ◽  
Severe Eosinophilic Asthma ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Long Acting

AbstractSevere therapy-resistant asthma has been defined as “asthma which requires treatment with high dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) plus a second controller (and/or systemic corticosteroids) to prevent it from becoming ‘uncontrolled’ or which remains ‘uncontrolled’ despite this therapy”. Patients who usually present with ‘difficult-to-treat asthma’ should first be assessed to determine whether he/she has asthma with the exclusion of other diagnoses and if so, whether the asthma can be classified as severe therapy-resistant. This necessitates an assessment of adherence to medications, confounding factors, and comorbidities. Increasingly, management of severe therapy-resistant asthma will be helped by the determination of phenotypes to optimize responses to existing and new therapies. Severe asthma patients are usually on a combination of high dose ICS and long-acting β-agonist (LABA) and, in addition, are often on a maintenance dose of oral corticosteroids. Phenotyping can be informed by measuring blood eosinophil counts and the level of nitric oxide in exhaled breath, and the use of sputum granulocytic counts. Severe allergic asthma and severe eosinophilic asthma are two defined phenotypes for which there are efficacious targeted biologic therapies currently available, namely anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) and anti-interleukin (IL)-5 antibodies, respectively. Further progress will be realized with the definition of noneosinophilic or non-T2 phenotypes. It will be important for patients with severe asthma to be ultimately investigated and managed in specialized severe asthma centers.

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