scholarly journals Seroprevelensi Virus Avian Influenza SubTipe H5N1 Pada Unggas Domestik Peliharaan Masyarakat di Kawasan Cagar Alam Pulau Dua Serang Provinsi Banten

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Agrydzadana Frisa ◽  
Dewi Elfidasari
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Geometric Mean Titer ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus H5n1 ◽  
Domestic Birds ◽  
Water Birds ◽  
Virus Subtype

<p><em>Abstrak </em>- <strong>Unggas</strong><strong> </strong><strong>domestik</strong><strong> </strong><strong>di</strong><strong> </strong><strong>sekitar</strong><strong> </strong><strong>kawasan</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Cagar</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Alam</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Pulau</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Dua</strong><strong> </strong><strong>(CAPD)</strong><strong> </strong><strong>banyak</strong><strong> </strong><strong>berinteraksi</strong><strong> </strong><strong>dengan</strong><strong> </strong><strong>burung</strong><strong> </strong><strong>air liar yang terinfeksi virus H5N1. Oleh karena itu perlu diperoleh informasi terkait keberadaan Virus AI pada unggas domestik tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi serologi Avian Influenza (AI) H5N1 pada unggas peliharaan masyarakat yang dipelihara dengan sistem <em>backyard </em>di sekitar kawasan CAPD. Pengamatan terhadap habitat dan perilaku bebek, ayam dan mentok dilakukan untuk menganalisa adanya interaksi dengan burung air liar di kawasan CAPD. Sebanyak 49 sampel serum yang terdiri dari 15 sampel serum bebek, 14 sampel serum mentok dan 20 serum ayam diperiksa keberadaan antibodi terhadap AI subtipe H5N1 melalui uji hambatan aglutinasi (<em>Haemaglutination</em><em> Inhibition</em>). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan presentase seroprevalensi mencapai 100% dengan nilai <em>Geometric Mean Titer </em>sampel yang diperiksa sebesar 2</strong><strong>7,9 </strong><strong>untuk</strong><strong> </strong><strong>mentok,</strong><strong> </strong><strong>2</strong><strong>4,6 </strong><strong>untuk</strong><strong> </strong><strong>bebek</strong><strong> </strong><strong>dan</strong><strong> 2</strong><strong>77 </strong><strong>untuk</strong><strong> ayam. Terdapatnya antibodi membuktikan unggas peliharaan masyarakat di kawasan CAPD pernah terpapar virus AI subtipe H5N1.</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong> - <em>Avian Influenza</em>, CAPD, Unggas Domestik, <em>Haemaglutination Inhibition</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Abstract</em> - <strong>Domestic birds around Pulau Dua Nature Reserve area (CAPD) interact with wild water birds infected with H5N1 virus. Therefore it is necessary to obtain information related to the presence of AI virus in domestic poultry. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Avian Influenza serology (AI) H5N1 in community poultry maintained by backyard system around CAPD area. Observation of habitat and duck, chicken and stuck behavior was done to analyze the interaction with wild water birds in CAPD area. A total of 49 serum samples consisting of 15 serum duck samples, 14 serum serum samples and 20 serum chickens examined the presence of antibodies against AI subtypes H5N1 through an agglutination inhibition test (Haemaglutination Inhibition). The observation result shows that seroprevalency percentage reaches 100% with Geometric Mean Titer value of examined sample is 27,9 for stool, 24,6 for duck and 277 for chicken. The presence of antibodies proves that community poultry in the CAPD region has been exposed to AI virus subtype H5N1</strong>.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> - <em>Avian</em><em> Influenza</em>, CAPD, Unggas Domestik, <em>Haemaglutination Inhibition</em></p>

Etiology and pathology of epidemic outbreaks of avian influenza H5N1 infection in Egyptian chicken farms

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ali ◽  
G. Elmowalid ◽  
M. Abdel-Glil ◽  
T. Sharafeldin ◽  
F. Abdallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Virus Identification ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition Test ◽  
Virus H5n1 ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
History Of ◽  
Virus Distribution ◽  
Influenza H5n1

AbstractEpidemic outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) virus H5N1 have been frequently reported in Egypt during the last nine years. Here we investigate the involvement of AI H5N1 in outbreaks of acute respiratory disease that occurred in several commercial chicken farms in Egypt in 2011, and we describe to the pathology caused by the virus in the course of the outbreak.Twenty-one chicken farms with history of acute respiratory symptoms and high mortalities were screened for AI H5N1. Virus identification was based on hemagglutination inhibition test, and PCR detection and sequencing of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes. Virus distribution was determined by immunohistochemical staining of AI antigens in organs of infected birds. Standard H&E staining was performed for histological examination of affected organs.Eighty-one % of the examined birds, representing 100% of the screened farms, were positive for AI H5N1 virus. Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of the isolated virus reveals its affiliation to clade 2.2.1. Viral antigens were localized in the endothelial cells of the heart, liver, lungs and skin, where pathological lesions including congestion, hemorrhages, multifocal inflammation and necrosis were concurrently observed. According to the pattern of the viral antigen and lesion distribution in the visceral organs, we suggest cardiovascular and circulatory failures as the probable cause of death during these outbreaks. In conclusion, the present study further confirms the epidemic status of AI H5N1 virus in Egypt and reveals the highly pathogenic nature of the local isolates.

scholarly journals Deteksi Antibodi Serum Terhadap Virus Avian influenza pada Ayam Buras

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Zakiyah Heryawati Manaf ◽  
Darniati Darniati ◽  
Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus H5n1 ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Native Chickens ◽  
Influenza H5n1

Detection on Serum Antibodies of Native Chickens to Avian influenza VirusABSTRACT.  An important approach of controlling against Avian Influenza should be determined to detect the antibody titres of bird flu caused by Influenza virus H5N1 in Indonesia. The aim of the present study was to detect the antibodies to Avian Influenza in serum of native chickens. This study utilized 123 serum samples collected from the axilaris vein (left or right) of native chickens. Antibody titres were examined using Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI). The result showed that indication of natural infection by Avian Influenza (H5N1) in native chickens, as shown that out of 123 serum samples, 16 (13,01%) were tested positive by HI, while only 10 (8,13%) were tested protective to Avian influenza infection. Based on the results we obtained, a conclusion that natural infection by Avian influenza virus stimulated variety level of formation antibody titres in native chickens.

scholarly journals Epidemiological parameter changes of global Avian Influenza H5N1 over two decades, from 1997 to 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
Ramand M. Haji ◽  
Muhammed Babakir-Mina ◽  
Mohammed I. M. Gubari
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Virus H5n1 ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus H5n1 ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Influenza H5n1

Influenza virus (H5N1) is highly contagious disease, which attacks the respiratory tract in humans. The deaths of six people in Hong Kong in 1997 from an H5N1 virus infection was the first indication that a purely avian influenza virus could cause respiratory disease and death in human. The aim of current study was to observe changes of epidemiological parameters of the infected patients, and the behaviour of virus outbreak over two decades of avian influenza virus (H5N1) from 1997 to April 2017. Data of the current study was obtained from WHO (World Health Organization) daily outbreak reports and then computerized and analyzed. It included 826 cases from 1997 to last case in April 2017 for this study. Most of the studied cases, their ages were less than 16 years (n=366), and spread in 16 countries, the top three countries prevalence were Egypt (n= 356), Indonesia (n= 175), and Vietnam (n=87) respectively. The most years of cases incidence were 2015 (n= 147) and 2006 (n=122). Most of cases were recorded in January (n=180), February (n=149), and March (n=143) respectively. Case fatality rates were 50.7%. In conclusion most cases were in second decade than first decade of (H5N1) outbreak, but death were more in first decade, Also most cases were in low temperature seasons and in very young children but death were more in adults. In first decade, morbidity were more in Asia countries like China, Vietnam, and Indonesia but in second decade, mortality were more  in North Africa (Egypt). However, cases were more in Egypt than Indonesia but deaths were more in Indonesia. H5N1 virus must be currently studied and its controlling is highly requested.

scholarly journals Avirulent Avian Influenza Virus as a Vaccine Strain against a Potential Human Pandemic

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 8303-8307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayato Takada ◽  
Noritaka Kuboki ◽  
Katsunori Okazaki ◽  
Ai Ninomiya ◽  
Hiroko Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Virus H5n1 ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
High Level ◽  
Influenza H5n1

ABSTRACT In the influenza H5N1 virus incident in Hong Kong in 1997, viruses that are closely related to H5N1 viruses initially isolated in a severe outbreak of avian influenza in chickens were isolated from humans, signaling the possibility of an incipient pandemic. However, it was not possible to prepare a vaccine against the virus in the conventional embryonated egg system because of the lethality of the virus for chicken embryos and the high level of biosafety therefore required for vaccine production. Alternative approaches, including an avirulent H5N4 virus isolated from a migratory duck as a surrogate virus, H5N1 virus as a reassortant with avian virus H3N1 and an avirulent recombinant H5N1 virus generated by reverse genetics, have been explored. All vaccines were formalin inactivated. Intraperitoneal immunization of mice with each of vaccines elicited the production of hemagglutination-inhibiting and virus-neutralizing antibodies, while intranasal vaccination without adjuvant induced both mucosal and systemic antibody responses that protected the mice from lethal H5N1 virus challenge. Surveillance of birds and animals, particularly aquatic birds, for viruses to provide vaccine strains, especially surrogate viruses, for a future pandemic is stressed.

scholarly journals Vaccination strategy and anti - SARS-CoV-2 S titers in healthcare workers of the INT – IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesta Cavalcanti ◽  
Maria Antonietta Isgrò ◽  
Domenica Rea ◽  
Lucia Di Capua ◽  
Giusy Trillò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the resulting disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have spread to millions of people globally, requiring the development of billions of different vaccine doses. The SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccine (named BNT162b2/Pfizer), authorized by the FDA, has shown high efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection after administration of two doses in individuals 16 years of age and older. In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated the differences in the SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response after vaccine administration in the two different cohorts of workers at the INT - IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale” Cancer Center (Naples, Italy): previously infected to SARS-CoV-2 subjects and not infected to SARS-CoV-2 subjects. Methods We determined specific anti-RBD (receptor-binding domain) titers against trimeric spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 by Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay in serum samples of 35 healthcare workers with a previous documented history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 158 healthcare workers without, after 1 and 2 doses of vaccine, respectively. Moreover, geometric mean titers and relative fold changes (FC) were calculated. Results Both previously infected and not infected to SARS-CoV-2 subjects developed significant immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 after the administration of 1 and 2 doses of vaccine, respectively. Anti-S antibody responses to the first dose of vaccine were significantly higher in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects in comparison to titers of not infected subjects after the first as well as the second dose of vaccine. Fold changes for subjects previously infected to SARS-CoV-2 was very modest, given the high basal antibody titer, as well as the upper limit of 2500.0 BAU/mL imposed by the Roche methods. Conversely, for naïve subjects, mean fold change following the first dose was low ($$ \overline{x} $$ x ¯ =1.6), reaching 3.8 FC in 72 subjects (45.6%) following the second dose. Conclusions The results showed that, as early as the first dose, SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals developed a remarkable and statistically significant immune response in comparison to those who did not contract the virus previously, suggesting the possibility of administering only one dose in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. FC for previously infected subjects should not be taken into account for the generally high pre-vaccination values. Conversely, FC for not infected subjects, after the second dose, were = 3.8 in > 45.0% of vaccinees, and ≤ 3.1 in 19.0%, the latter showing a potential susceptibility to further SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document