scholarly journals Metastasis to Submandibular Salivary Gland in Oral Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Floor Of Mouth ◽  
Direct Invasion ◽  
Node Involvement

Objective: To determine the frequency of involvement of the submandibular gland as a metastatic site in squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity, mechanism of its involvement and factors associated with it. Method: We reviewed the medical and pathologic records of patients who underwent neck dissection (unilateral or bilateral) for oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) from January 2009 to July 2017 at the Liaquat National Hospital in Karachi. Cases of histopathologically confirmed SCC of oral cavity and cases of primary tumor in which excision of the submandibular gland (SMG) was done along with neck dissection were included. Those cases with previous surgery for oral cancer and those with previous chemo-radiotherapy were excluded. Results: Median age at presentation was 49.50 years (IQR= 42-58 years). Males were more commonly affected (n=167, 79.5%). The most frequent involved site was buccal mucosa (n=110, 52.4%). Out of 210 neck dissections, SMG was involved by the tumor metastasis in only 8 (3.8%) of the cases. Most common method of involvement was direct invasion by the primary tumor (n=5, 62.5%). Floor of mouth (p<0.001) and level 1 lymph node involvement (p<0.001) were significantly associated with SMG involvement. Conclusion: SMG is the major source of unstimulated saliva. Saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral hygiene and health. Especially in patients of oral cavity SCC who receive post-operative radiotherapy its removal can aggravate xerostomia which can lead to severe discomfort. In this study there was no involvement of SMG in cases in which floor of mouth was not involved and in cases with clinically negative neck. So we concluded that efforts should be made to preserve SMG in these cases to reduce post-operative morbidity associated with its removal.

Submandibular gland invasion and feasibility of gland-sparing neck dissection in oral cavity carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cakir Cetin ◽  
E Dogan ◽  
H Ozay ◽  
O Kumus ◽  
T K Erdag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Floor Of Mouth ◽  
Direct Invasion ◽  
Oral Cavity Carcinoma ◽  
Tumour Location ◽  
Level I

AbstractObjective:This study investigated the incidence and routes of submandibular gland involvement in oral cavity carcinoma to determine the feasibility of submandibular gland sparing neck dissection.Methods:The records of 155 patients diagnosed with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, with a total of 183 neck specimens, including those involving level I, were reviewed retrospectively.Results:Submandibular gland involvement, via direct invasion from the anatomical proximity of T4a tumours, was evident in two patients. The floor of mouth location, either primarily or as an extension of the primary tumour, was the only risk factor for submandibular gland involvement in oral cavity carcinoma (p = 0.042). Tumour location, clinical and pathological tumour (T) and nodal (N) stages, and radiological suspicion of mandible invasion, were not found to be statistically relevant (p > 0.05).Conclusion:The results suggest the feasibility of preserving the submandibular gland in early stage oral cavity carcinoma unless the tumour is located in, or extends to, the floor of mouth.

scholarly journals Predictive value of tumor thickness for cervical lymph-node involvement in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

Cancer ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1489-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Hui Huang ◽  
David Hwang ◽  
Gina Lockwood ◽  
David P. Goldstein ◽  
Brian O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Tumor Thickness ◽  
Node Involvement

scholarly journals Level I Nodal Positivity as a Factor for Involvement of the Submandibular Gland in Oral Cavity Carcinoma: A Case Series Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdan Ahmed Pasha ◽  
Rahim Dhanani ◽  
Shayan Khalid Ghaloo ◽  
Kulsoom Ghias ◽  
Mumtaz Jamshed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Oral Carcinoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Direct Extension ◽  
Oral Cavity Carcinoma ◽  
Level I

Abstract Introduction The routine practice of neck dissection in the surgical management of oral carcinoma has evolved into a more functionally conservative approach. Over time, the rationale for removal of the submandibular gland has been questioned. Routine extirpation of the submandibular gland can aggravate the xerostomia experienced by many patients, significantly affecting their quality of life. Objective The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of submandibular gland metastases in oral cavity carcinoma and to identify possible factors that may affect their involvement. Methods A total of 149 cases of oral carcinoma presenting at a private tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, over the course of 1 year were reviewed retrospectively. Results Histopathological data showed that the submandibular gland was involved in 7 (4.7%) cases. Involvement of level I lymph nodes was found in all of the cases. Direct extension of primary tumor was noted in two cases when the primary tumor was in the floor of the mouth. Conclusion The results suggest that preservation of the submandibular gland during neck dissection for oral carcinoma can be practiced safely when there is no evidence of direct extension of the primary tumor toward the submandibular gland or when there is no clinical or radiological evidence of neck disease in level I. Presence of pathological lymph nodes in level I requires caution when contemplating preservation of the submandibular gland.

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma metastasis to the submandibular gland

2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
T K Naidu ◽  
S K Naidoo ◽  
P K Ramdial
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Carcinoma Metastasis

AbstractIntroduction:This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of submandibular gland metastases in cases of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:Sixty-nine patients treated between 1 January 2004 and 30 June 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were treated with wide local excision of the primary tumour, plus simultaneous neck dissection and reconstruction if required.Results:Of 69 submandibular glands from 46 men and 23 women (mean age, 58 years), 43 (62.3 per cent) had advanced, tumour stage three or four lesions. Histopathological reappraisal of all submandibular glands demonstrated an absence of metastatic spread. Only 2/69 (2.9 per cent) submandibular glands demonstrated ipsilateral contiguous tumour involvement.Conclusion:This study demonstrated an absence of metastasis to the submandibular gland from oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with early stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and with a pre-operative node stage zero neck may be candidates for preservation of the submandibular gland during neck dissection.

Facial lymph node involvement as a prognostic factor for patient survival in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

Tumor Biology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 3489-3496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xie ◽  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Wenxiao Huang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Jianjun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Node Involvement
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