Pathogenesis of Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII in Chickens Vaccinated with LaSota and Inactivated Newcastle Disease Vaccines

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Challenge Virus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group D ◽  
Genotype Vii

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most serious viral diseases affecting poultry farms in different countries. Many outbreaks -even in vaccinated poultry flocks- were recorded in the last few years caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotype VII. This study was conducted to compare the pathogenesis of NDV genotype VII in non-vaccinated chickens and chickens vaccinated with NDV genotype II live (LaSota) and inactivated vaccines. One hundred 1-day-old chicks were divided into four equal groups; 25 for each. Groups A and B were kept unvaccinated. Group C was vaccinated with LaSota, and group D was vaccinated with both LaSota and inactivated NDV vaccine. Group A was kept as nonchallenged control blank group, while groups B, C and D were challenged intranasally by 0.1 ml 106 EID50 NDV genotype VII at 25-day of age. Three chickens were sacrificed from each group at 2, 5- and 10-days post challenge (dpc). Tissue specimens from trachea, lungs, bursa of fabricius, spleen and thymus were collected for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. NDV genotype VII challenge virus did not induce mortality in both vaccinated groups. Both vaccination programs resulted also in less severe clinical signs and histopathological lesions comparing to non-vaccinated challenged birds. Tracheal lesion score was significantly low in group D at 10 dpc while no significant difference was recorded between groups C and D in lungs. All lymphoid organs showed significantly less severe pathological alterations and depletion in groups C and D comparing to group B. Our results indicated that mis-matched genotype NDV vaccines could alleviate the pathological effect of the NDV challenge virus but do not provide complete protection of the infected host organs.

scholarly journals Persistence of Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype II and Shedded Genotype VII in Poultry Farm Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fady Samir ◽  
Rania F. El Naggar ◽  
Mohamed M. Hamoud ◽  
Manal M. Zaki ◽  
Abdulrhman M. Gamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype Ii ◽  
Genotype Vii

SEQUENCE AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS GENOTYPE VII ISOLATED IN MALAYSIA DURING 1999-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsiah Aini Shohaimi ◽  
Raha Ahmad Raus ◽  
Ong Geok Huai ◽  
Basirah Mohamed Asmayatim ◽  
Nursyuwari Nayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Genotype Vii

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a contagious viral disease of many avian species particularly domestic poultry, and is responsible for causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry in Southeast Asia including Malaysia. Here we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of NDV that has been circulating in Malaysia. A total of 151 NDV isolates were selected during 1999-2012 throughout Malaysia and were characterized phylogenetically. The partial region of matrix (M) and fusion (F) protein of NDV was amplified by reverse transcriptase PCR, directly sequenced and compared genetically to the published sequences obtained from GenBank. The deduced amino acid sequence of the F protein cleavage site revealed the presence of three different motifs; 112RRRKRF117, 112RRQKRF117 typical for velogenic strains while 112GKQGRL117 indicates it is from avirulent strain or lentogenic strain. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that 13 isolates belonged to genotype I, 2 to genotype III, 6 to genotype VI, 1 to genotype VIII and 129 to genotype VII. Isolates belonging to genotype VII were further divided into five subgenotypes; VIIa, VIIb, VIId, VIIe and VIIh. Based on the phylogenetic tree and geographical data, it is found that NDV genotype VIIb and VIIe were isolated in 1999 while in year 2000 to 2009, most of the NDV isolates were NDV genotype VIId originated from China. No subgenotype VIId viruses were recovered after 2009 in Malaysia. In 2010-2012, NDV outbreaks were caused by subgenotypes VIIa and VIIh in Peninsular Malaysia. Interestingly, these subgenotypes have been isolated in East Malaysia since 2002 but did not cause major outbreak.  These information points to the existence of multiple genotypes of NDV in Malaysia especially genotype VII and these findings emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance of NDV in Malaysia.

scholarly journals An improved reverse genetics system for Newcastle disease virus genotype VII

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-524
Author(s):  
Yuzhang Sun ◽  
Mingjun Sun ◽  
Yonglian Dai ◽  
Renfu Yin ◽  
Zhuang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype Vii

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF IN-VIVO GROWTH KINETICS OF VIRULENT NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS IN BROILER CHICKENS

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
MJ Ara ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
MT Hossain ◽  
MA Haque ◽  
R Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus

The research work was conducted on 105 broiler chicks (Cobb-500) with a view to determine the rate of distribution of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in various organs following infection through natural (intranasal, intraocular and oral) and parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous) routes of inoculation at different ages (7, 15 and 28 days of old). Each bird received a dose of 0.2 ml of NVNDV (300 ELD50). Body temperature, onset of clinical signs and mortality of birds (if any) were recorded daily. Blood samples were collected from the birds to determine the serum HI titre before and after infection. Faeces and various tissue samples (brain, lungs, kidney, colon, bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus) were collected daily following post-mortem examination of one bird from each sub-group to determine the presence of NDV along with their HA titre through inoculation into embryonated hen eggs. Some representative samples were also inoculated into chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell culture for isolation of NDV. The highest body temperature (³1080F) was recorded in the birds of almost all the experimental groups between 48 and 72 hours of PI. Appearance of clinical sings was observed earlier (between 48 to 72 hours of PI) in parenterally infected birds than those of inoculated through natural routes. The shortest duration (>26-54 hours of PI) and longest duration (67-132 hours of PI) of death time recorded in birds those were inoculated through IV and oral routes of infection respectively. Isolation of NDV was positive from day 2 of PI and onward in all the groups with some minor variations in some cases. The CEF cell culture system was found more sensitive compared to avian embryo. Irrespective of routes of inoculation and age of birds, there was significant (p<0.01) increase in the mean HA titre of NDV with the progression of time. The highest HA titre of NDV was found in the brain tissue followed by lungs and kidney. Significantly (p<0.01) higher HA titre of NDV isolate was recorded in the birds of all the experimental groups inoculated through IV route. Following infection, the MDA titres decreased day by day in the birds with the increase of HA titres of NDV.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a genotype 2 Newcastle disease vaccine (Avinew®) against challenge with highly virulent genotypes 5d and 3d

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Bwala ◽  
C. Abolnik ◽  
A. Van Wyk ◽  
E. Cornelius ◽  
S.P.R. Bisschop
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Challenge Virus ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

Since 2002, following its introduction, the lineage 5d Newcastle disease virus (so-called Goose paramyxovirus -GPMV) strain has caused numerous disease outbreaks among commercial and backyard poultry in South Africa, raising questions about the ability of commercially available Newcastle disease vaccines to fully protect poultry against the strain. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in the level of protection offered by Avinew® Newcastle disease vaccine against GPMV virus as compared with a 3d Newcastle disease virus isolated in South Africa in 1993 (Rainbow challenge virus - RCV) strain. Six groups of 10-day-old, specific pathogen-free chickens were vaccinated with doses of 103.0, 104.5 and 106.0 EID50 of Avinew® vaccine and challenged at 4 weeks of age intramuscularly at a dose of 105.3EID50/ 0.2 mℓ/bird of GPMV and RCV. No statistically significant difference could be found in the protection offered by Avinew® vaccine against GPMV as compared to RCV challenge. The protection offered against the ND challenge was found to be dose dependent. At the recommended field dose of 106.0 EID50 the vaccine gave 100 % protection from mortality against both the challenge viruses, but not against infection and replication of the viruses, as gross lesions were evident even in apparently healthy birds that survived the challenge. The protective dose (PD90) of the Avinew® vaccine against GPMV challenge was calculated at 104.38 and against that of RCV at 104.43.

scholarly journals Protective efficacy of the Newcastle disease virus genotype VII–matched vaccine in commercial layers

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 1275-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham A. Sultan ◽  
Shaimaa Talaat ◽  
Wael K. Elfeil ◽  
Karim Selim ◽  
Mohamed A. Kutkat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype Vii
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