scholarly journals The Role of Peritoneal Dialysis in Saving Young Lives from Acute Kidney Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wilkie
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Young Lives

scholarly journals 104 ROLE OF URGENT START PERITONEAL DIALYSIS IN ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY POST PEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. S14
Author(s):  
Irene Wong ◽  
AniSuraya ◽  
Hamdan Leman ◽  
M. Shanmuganathan ◽  
S.R. Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

scholarly journals The Role of Peritoneal Dialysis in the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Prospective Brazilian Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Ponce ◽  
Welder Zamoner ◽  
Dayana Bitencourt Dias ◽  
Erica Pires da Rocha ◽  
Christiane Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Fluid Control

This study aimed to explore the role of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in acute-on-chronic liver disease (ACLD) in relation to metabolic and fluid control and outcome. Fifty-three patients were treated by PD (prescribed Kt/V = 0.40/session), with a flexible catheter, tidal modality, using a cycler and lactate as a buffer. The mean age was 64.8 ± 13.4 years, model of end stage liver disease (MELD) was 31 ± 6, 58.5% were in the intensive care unit, 58.5% needed intravenous inotropic agents including terlipressin, 69.5% were on mechanical ventilation, alcoholic liver disease was the main cause of cirrhosis and the main dialysis indications were uremia and hypervolemia. Blood urea and creatinine levels stabilized after four sessions at around 50 and 2.5 mg/dL, respectively. Negative fluid balance (FB) and ultrafiltration (UF) increased progressively and stabilized around 3.0 L and −2.7 L/day, respectively. Weekly-delivered Kt/V was 2.7 ± 0.37, and 71.7% of patients died. Five factors met the criteria for inclusion in the multivariable analysis. Logistic regression identified as risk factors associated with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in ACLD patients: MELD (OR = 1.14, CI 95% = 1.09–2.16, p = 0.001), nephrotoxic AKI (OR = 0.79, CI 95% = 0.61–0.93, p = 0.02), mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.49, CI 95% = 1.14–2.97, p < 0.001), and positive fluid balance (FB) after two PD sessions (OR = 1.08, CI 95% = 1.03–1.91, p = 0.007). These factors were significantly associated with death. In conclusion, our study suggests that careful prescription may contribute to providing adequate treatment for most Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) patients without contraindications for PD use, allowing adequate metabolic and fluid control, with no increase in the number of infectious or mechanical complications. MELD, mechanical complications and FB were factors associated with mortality, while nephrotoxic AKI was a protective factor. Further studies are needed to better investigate the role of PD in ACLF patients with AKI.

Peritoneal Dialysis to Treat Patients with Acute Kidney Injury—The Saving Young Lives Experience in West Africa: Proceedings of the Saving Young Lives Session at the First International Conference of Dialysis in West Africa, Dakar, Senegal, December 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niang Abdou ◽  
Sampson Antwi ◽  
Laurence Adonis Koffi ◽  
Francis Lalya ◽  
Victoria May Adabayeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
West Africa ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
West African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Young Lives

In December 2015, as part of the First African Dialysis Conference organized in Dakar, Senegal, 5 physicians from West African countries who have participated in the Saving Young Lives Program reviewed their experiences establishing peritoneal dialysis (PD) programs to treat patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Thus far, nearly 200 patients have received PD treatment in these countries. The interaction and discussion amongst the participants at the meeting was meaningful and informative. The presentations highlighted the creativity, conviction, and determination of the physicians in overcoming the various barriers and challenges they encountered to establish PD/AKI programs. Hopefully, these successes and the increased awareness of the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of AKI will inspire much needed support from government, hospital, and international organizations.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Kidney: From Epidemiology to Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Gagliardi ◽  
Gemma Patella ◽  
Ashour Michael ◽  
Raffaele Serra ◽  
Michele Provenzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Worse Prognosis

The new respiratory infectious disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and caused by a new strain of zoonotic coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), to date has killed over 630,000 people and infected over 15,000,000 worldwide. Most of the deceased patients had pre-existing comorbidities; over 20% had chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, although SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized mainly by diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure, acute kidney injury (AKI) has developed in a high percentage of cases. As AKI has been shown to be associated with worse prognosis, we believe that the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the kidney should be investigated. This review sets out to describe the main renal aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the role of the virus in the development and progression of kidney damage. In this article, attention is focused on the epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of kidney damage, histopathology, clinical features in nephropathic patients (CKD, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, AKI, transplantation) and prevention and containment strategies. Although there remains much more to be learned with regards to this disease, nonetheless it is our hope that this review will aid in the understanding and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Dialysis, Acute Kidney Injury, and the Saving Young Lives Program

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredric O. Finkelstein ◽  
William E. Smoyer ◽  
Mary Carter ◽  
Ariane Brusselmans ◽  
John Feehally
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Young Lives

scholarly journals ISPD guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: 2020 Update (paediatrics)

2021 ◽  
pp. 089686082098212
Author(s):  
Peter Nourse ◽  
Brett Cullis ◽  
Fredrick Finkelstein ◽  
Alp Numanoglu ◽  
Bradley Warady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Acceptable Alternative ◽  
Dialysis Solution ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Dialysis Solutions

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) for acute kidney injury (AKI) in children has a long track record and shows similar outcomes when compared to extracorporeal therapies. It is still used extensively in low resource settings as well as in some high resource regions especially in Europe. In these regions, there is particular interest in the use of PD for AKI in post cardiac surgery neonates and low birthweight neonates. Here, we present the update of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines for PD in AKI in paediatrics. These guidelines extensively review the available literature and present updated recommendations regarding peritoneal access, dialysis solutions and prescription of dialysis. Summary of recommendations 1.1 Peritoneal dialysis is a suitable renal replacement therapy modality for treatment of acute kidney injury in children. (1C) 2. Access and fluid delivery for acute PD in children. 2.1 We recommend a Tenckhoff catheter inserted by a surgeon in the operating theatre as the optimal choice for PD access. (1B) (optimal) 2.2 Insertion of a PD catheter with an insertion kit and using Seldinger technique is an acceptable alternative. (1C) (optimal) 2.3 Interventional radiological placement of PD catheters combining ultrasound and fluoroscopy is an acceptable alternative. (1D) (optimal) 2.4 Rigid catheters placed using a stylet should only be used when soft Seldinger catheters are not available, with the duration of use limited to <3 days to minimize the risk of complications. (1C) (minimum standard) 2.5 Improvised PD catheters should only be used when no standard PD access is available. (practice point) (minimum standard) 2.6 We recommend the use of prophylactic antibiotics prior to PD catheter insertion. (1B) (optimal) 2.7 A closed delivery system with a Y connection should be used. (1A) (optimal) A system utilizing buretrols to measure fill and drainage volumes should be used when performing manual PD in small children. (practice point) (optimal) 2.8 In resource limited settings, an open system with spiking of bags may be used; however, this should be designed to limit the number of potential sites for contamination and ensure precise measurement of fill and drainage volumes. (practice point) (minimum standard) 2.9 Automated peritoneal dialysis is suitable for the management of paediatric AKI, except in neonates for whom fill volumes are too small for currently available machines. (1D) 3. Peritoneal dialysis solutions for acute PD in children 3.1 The composition of the acute peritoneal dialysis solution should include dextrose in a concentration designed to achieve the target ultrafiltration. (practice point) 3.2  Once potassium levels in the serum fall below 4 mmol/l, potassium should be added to dialysate using sterile technique. (practice point) (optimal) If no facilities exist to measure the serum potassium, consideration should be given for the empiric addition of potassium to the dialysis solution after 12 h of continuous PD to achieve a dialysate concentration of 3–4 mmol/l. (practice point) (minimum standard) 3.3  Serum concentrations of electrolytes should be measured 12 hourly for the first 24 h and daily once stable. (practice point) (optimal) In resource poor settings, sodium and potassium should be measured daily, if practical. (practice point) (minimum standard) 3.4  In the setting of hepatic dysfunction, hemodynamic instability and persistent/worsening metabolic acidosis, it is preferable to use bicarbonate containing solutions. (1D) (optimal) Where these solutions are not available, the use of lactate containing solutions is an alternative. (2D) (minimum standard) 3.5  Commercially prepared dialysis solutions should be used. (1C) (optimal) However, where resources do not permit this, locally prepared fluids may be used with careful observation of sterile preparation procedures and patient outcomes (e.g. rate of peritonitis). (1C) (minimum standard) 4. Prescription of acute PD in paediatric patients 4.1 The initial fill volume should be limited to 10–20 ml/kg to minimize the risk of dialysate leakage; a gradual increase in the volume to approximately 30–40 ml/kg (800–1100 ml/m2) may occur as tolerated by the patient. (practice point) 4.2 The initial exchange duration, including inflow, dwell and drain times, should generally be every 60–90 min; gradual prolongation of the dwell time can occur as fluid and solute removal targets are achieved. In neonates and small infants, the cycle duration may need to be reduced to achieve adequate ultrafiltration. (practice point) 4.3 Close monitoring of total fluid intake and output is mandatory with a goal to achieve and maintain normotension and euvolemia. (1B) 4.4 Acute PD should be continuous throughout the full 24-h period for the initial 1–3 days of therapy. (1C) 4.5  Close monitoring of drug dosages and levels, where available, should be conducted when providing acute PD. (practice point) 5. Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis (CFPD) 5.1   Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis can be considered as a PD treatment option when an increase in solute clearance and ultrafiltration is desired but cannot be achieved with standard acute PD. Therapy with this technique should be considered experimental since experience with the therapy is limited. (practice point) 5.2  Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis can be considered for dialysis therapy in children with AKI when the use of only very small fill volumes is preferred (e.g. children with high ventilator pressures). (practice point)

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