Improved experimental model of hepatic cystic hydatid disease resembling natural infection route with stable growing dynamics and immune reaction

AbstractCystic echinococcosis is an endemic parasitic infection in Xinjiang, China and is causing serious economic burdens and public health concerns. An experimental murine model in vivo for hepatic cystic echinococcosis was established in C57B/6 mice by injection with human protoscolices via the portal vein of three different concentrations. Mice were followed up 10 months by ultrasound, gross anatomy, pathological and immunological examinations. The protoscolice migration in portal vein, hydatid cyst growth, host immune reaction and hepatic histopathology were examed periodicly. The infection rate of the mice in the high, medium, and low concentration groups were 90%, 100%, and 63.6%, respectively. The protoscolices migrate in the portal vein with blood flow, settle in the liver and develop into orthotopic hepatic hydatid cysts, resembling the natural infection route and course. This study established an improved experimental model of low biohazard risk but stable growing dynamics and immune reaction. It is especially useful for new anti-parasite medication trials agains hydatid disease.Summary statementAn experimental murine model of cystic echinococcosis was set up. This orthotopic model resembles primary infection route and natural infectious course with low biohazard risk and high efficiency.

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Cystic hydatid disease (Echinococcus granulosus)

Oxford Textbook of Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0180 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1529-1533

Author(s):

Pedro L. Moro ◽

Hector H. Garcia ◽

Armando E. Gonzalez

Keyword(s):

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Hydatid Disease ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽

Control Programmes ◽

Domestic Livestock ◽

Cystic Hydatid

Cystic hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is a zoonotic disease principally transmitted between dogs and domestic livestock, particularly sheep. Humans are infected when they ingest tapeworm eggs, with disease occurring in most parts of the world where sheep are raised and dogs are used to herd livestock. The most common clinical manifestations are cysts in the liver (typically presenting with hepatomegaly) and/or lung (presenting with cough, haemoptysis, and dyspnoea). Diagnosis is usually made on the basis of serological tests in combination with imaging techniques. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy with anthelminthic agents, or—for liver cysts—PAIR (puncture–aspiration–injection–reaspiration). Echinococcosis is a major public health problem in several countries. Control programmes have been aimed at educating dog owners to prevent their animals from having access to infected offal. Vaccines against sheep hydatidosis and the dog tapeworm stage are promising alternatives.

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Praziquantel: Neglected drug? Ineffective treatment? Or therapeutic choice in cystic hydatid disease?

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.04.006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 111 (2) ◽

pp. 95-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

J.M. Bygott ◽

P.L. Chiodini

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Disease ◽

Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽

Therapeutic Choice ◽

Cystic Hydatid

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Cystic Hydatid Disease in Southern Sudan

Annals of African Surgery ◽

10.4314/aas.v2i1.46238 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

DK Lado

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Disease ◽

Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽

Southern Sudan ◽

Cystic Hydatid

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Oxfendazole Treatment for Cystic Hydatid Disease in Naturally Infected Animals

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.42.3.601 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 601-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Ronald E. Blanton ◽

Timothy M. Wachira ◽

Eberhard E. Zeyhle ◽

Ernest M. Njoroge ◽

Japheth K. Magambo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Disease ◽

Cyst Wall ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Postmortem Examination ◽

Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽

Adventitial Layer ◽

Cystic Hydatid

ABSTRACT Few chemotherapeutic agents are available for the medical management of hydatid disease caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. In order to test the potential of oxfendazole for the treatment of infection with this parasite, nine infected goats and four sheep were given oxfendazole twice weekly at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight for 4 weeks and monitored by ultrasound for an additional 4 weeks. Efficacy was finally evaluated by postmortem examination, including determination of protoscolex viability and cyst wall histology. In treated animals, protoscolices were dead or absent in 97% of cysts from oxfendazole-treated animals compared to 28% of cysts from untreated control animals. On postmortem examination, 53% of cysts from treated animals were found to be grossly degenerate. A sample of those cysts that appeared potentially viable all demonstrated evidence of severe damage to the cyst wall. By light microscopy, cysts showed severe disorganization of the adventitial layer with invasion of inflammatory cells and in some cases frank necrosis with no apparent adventitial layer. The follow-up period for assessment of the drug’s ability to cause complete degeneration and resorption of cysts was relatively short. This study, however, indicates that oxfendazole is at least as effective as and is easier to administer than albendazole for the treatment of hydatid disease.

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