An improved experimental model of cystic hydatid disease in liver resembling natural infection route with stable growing dynamics and immune reaction

AbstractCystic echinococcosis is an endemic parasitic infection in Xinjiang, China and is causing serious economic burdens and public health concerns. An experimental murine model in vivo for hepatic cystic echinococcosis was established in C57B/6 mice by injection with human protoscolices via the portal vein of three different concentrations. Mice were followed up 10 months by ultrasound, gross anatomy, pathological and immunological examinations. The protoscolice migration in portal vein, hydatid cyst growth, host immune reaction and hepatic histopathology were examed periodicly. The infection rate of the mice in the high, medium, and low concentration groups were 90%, 100%, and 63.6%, respectively. The protoscolices migrate in the portal vein with blood flow, settle in the liver and develop into orthotopic hepatic hydatid cysts, resembling the natural infection route and course. This study established an improved experimental model of low biohazard risk but stable growing dynamics and immune reaction. It is especially useful for new anti-parasite medication trials agains hydatid disease.Summary statementAn experimental murine model of cystic echinococcosis was set up. This orthotopic model resembles primary infection route and natural infectious course with low biohazard risk and high efficiency.

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Improved experimental model of hepatic cystic hydatid disease resembling natural infection route with stable growing dynamics and immune reaction

World Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.3748/wjg.v23.i45.7989 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (45) ◽

pp. 7989-7999 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rui-Qing Zhang ◽

Xin-Hua Chen ◽

Hao Wen

Keyword(s):

Experimental Model ◽

Hydatid Disease ◽

Immune Reaction ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽

Infection Route ◽

Cystic Hydatid

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Pulmonary echinococcosis: A rare pseudotumour of the lung

Rare Tumors ◽

10.1177/20363613211009769 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 203636132110097

Author(s):

Kristina Greimelmaier ◽

Thomas Hager ◽

Vasily Moskalenko ◽

Stefan Mueller-Huelsbeck ◽

Henning Feist ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Hydatid Disease ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Frozen Section ◽

Lung Abscess ◽

Thoracic Pain ◽

Primary Lung Carcinoma ◽

Pulmonary Manifestations ◽

Pulmonary Hydatid Disease ◽

Pulmonary Echinococcosis

Cystic echinococcosis is a widely endemic helminthic disease worldwide but occurs only rarely in Central Europe. Humans are infected as ‘aberrant’ hosts by Echinococcus granulosus and develop cysts in numerous different organs. 20%–30% of the affected individuals develop hydatid disease in the lungs with associated complications including pleuritis, lung abscess and pneumothorax. Radiologically, the pulmonary lesions of cystic echinococcosis occasionally pose difficulties in the differential diagnosis of primary lung carcinoma or metastatic disease and vice versa. Herein we report on a case of pulmonary hydatid disease in a 25-year-old Iraqi male presenting with a cystic lesion of the lung associated with thoracic pain and involuntary weight loss. Despite of its rare occurrence in Central Europe, clinicians, radiologists and pathologists should be aware of this entity and its pulmonary manifestations. During frozen section examination, imprint cytology specimens may facilitate the detection of the pathogens.

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Protective Activity of S-PT84, a Heat-killed Preparation of Lactobacillus pentosus, against Oral and Gastric Candidiasis in an Experimental Murine Model

Medical Mycology Journal ◽

10.3314/mmj.55.j123 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. J123-J129 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kazumi Hayama ◽

Sanae Ishijima ◽

Yoshiko Ono ◽

Takayuki Izumo ◽

Masayuki Ida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Murine Model ◽

Protective Activity ◽

Lactobacillus Pentosus ◽

Experimental Murine Model

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An abattoir-based study on the prevalence and economic losses due to cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered herbivores in Ahwaz, south-western Iran

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x10000234 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 33-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

N.A. Ahmadi ◽

M. Meshkehkar

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Disease ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Term Trend ◽

Western Iran ◽

Khuzestan Province ◽

Hepatic Hydatid Disease ◽

Long Term Trend ◽

Slaughtered Herbivores

AbstractA 10-year (1998–2008) retrospective study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and long-term trend of hydatid disease in slaughtered herbivores in the large complex abattoir of Ahwaz (the capital of Khuzestan province, south-western Iran). A total of 3,583,417 animals including 2,815,982 sheep, 427,790 goats and 339,645 cattle were inspected macroscopically for hydatid cysts in the 10-year period, and overall 155,555 (4.24%) livers and 228,172 (6.37%) lungs were condemned. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) was responsible for 36.08% and 48.04% of total liver and lung condemnations, respectively. The prevalence of pulmonary hydatid disease in sheep, goats and cattle was 2.22, 5.43 and 6.99%, respectively; on the other hand, the prevalence of hepatic hydatid disease for those animals was 1.26, 2.57 and 2.80%, respectively. Data showed an overall downward long-term trend for CE in all livestock slaughtered during the study period (P < 0.01). Lung condemnation due to CE was significantly more common than liver condemnation for each animal separately (P < 0.001). The prevalence of liver and lung hydatidosis in sheep was significantly lower than that in other livestock (P < 0.001). The prevalence of hydatid disease recovered from the sheep, cattle and goats varied in different seasons, but there was no statistical difference between various seasons. The odds ratio of lung and liver condemnations due to hydatidosis showed a slightly different pattern in some years; however, the overall declining trend was still observed. The total annual economic loss incurred due to hydatidosis in all ruminants slaughtered at Ahwaz municipal abattoir was estimated to be US$459,659.6, based on the market prices in the year 2008. This number corresponds to a loss of US$300,620.4 for cattle, US$123,490.0 for sheep and US$35,549.2 for goats. The current results provide baseline data for the future monitoring of this potentially important disease in the region, and also suggest that a thorough investigation leading to a disease control strategy is required to reduce the economic and public health consequences of CE.

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Corrigendum to “Subchronic Infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia Stimulates an Immune Response but Not Arthritis in Experimental Murine Model”

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2018/6093609 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Jorday Hernández-Aguas ◽

José Luis Montiel-Hernández ◽

Myriam A. De La Garza-Ramos ◽

Rosa Velia Ruiz-Ramos ◽

Erandi Escamilla García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Murine Model ◽

Tannerella Forsythia ◽

Experimental Murine Model

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Nimbolide ameliorates fibrosis and inflammation in experimental murine model of bleomycin-induced scleroderma

Inflammopharmacology ◽

10.1007/s10787-018-0527-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 139-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Snehalatha Diddi ◽

Swarna Bale ◽

Gauthami Pulivendala ◽

Chandraiah Godugu

Keyword(s):

Murine Model ◽

Experimental Murine Model

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A contribution to the study of acute schistosomiasis (an experimental trial)

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ◽

10.1590/s0074-02761987000300001 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 311-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zilton A. Andrade ◽

Theomira Mauadie de Azevedo

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Murine Model ◽

Single Infection ◽

Coagulative Necrosis ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Experimental Trial ◽

Repeated Infections ◽

Major Factors ◽

Inflammatory Changes

In an attempt to establish an experimental model of acute schistosomiasis, sequential histological changes were investigated in the skin, lung, liver and spleen of mice infected with 30 or 100 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni according to four sets of experiments: single infection, repeated infections, unisexual infection and infection in mice born from infected mothers. Animals were killed every other day from exposure up to 50 days after infection. Only mild, isolated, focal inflammatory changes were found before the appearance of mature eggs in the liver, even when repeated infections were made. Severe changes of reactive hepatitis and splenitis appeared suddenly when the first mature eggs were deposited, around the 37th to 42nd day after infection. The mature eggs induced lytic and coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes around them which was soon followed by dense infiltration of eosinophils. So, mature egg-induced lesions appeared as the major factors in the pathogenesis of acute schistosomiasis in mice. Mice born from infected mothers were apparently able to rapidly modulate the egg-lesions, forming early fibrotic granulomas. The murine model of acute schistosomiasis appeared adequate for the study of pathology and pathogenesis of acute schistosomiasis.

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Viremia in Equine Herpes Virus-1 infection and a possible link to Transient Protective Immunity

Journal of Human Virology & Retrovirology ◽

10.15406/jhvrv.2021.09.00238 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

AR Awan ◽

OL Tulp ◽

HJ Field

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Murine Model ◽

Herpes Virus ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Buffy Coat ◽

Effective Vaccine ◽

Infection Model ◽

Herpès Virus

Equine herpes virus (EHV-1) causes respiratory infections in equine, and results in abortion, paresis, neonatal death, and retinopathy and the virus may become latent following initial infection. Virus entry is via the respiratory route, and the virus replicates in the host in ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract and in Type 1 and Type 2 pneumocytes in the lung parenchyma. After viral replication in the respiratory system, the virus can become disseminated to other parts of body via viraemic cells. The virus also can cross the placenta which leads to abortion of live or dead fetuses without premonitory signs. Infected horses show transient immunity after natural or experimental infection and immune responses to EHV-1, but the immunoprotective status begins to decline after a few months of active infection. Due to the transient immune response, recovered horses are not immunoprotected and thus are prone to subsequent re-infection. Immunity is not long lived after experimental or natural infection, and as a result the development of an effective vaccine has remained a challenge. In this study viraemic cells were studied in a murine EHV-1 infection model. Mice were infected intranasally and viraemic cells were studied on days three and five which occurs during the peak of the infection. The results of this study may help to identify the nature of viraemic cells and their role in the transient immune response to infection. Buffy coat cells and lungs were removed and stained with a fluorescent antibody test for EHV-1 antigen, and lung specimens were subjected to transmission electron microscopy. Both techniques confirmed the presence of viraemic cells in lung tissues. These viraemic cells were further stained for EHV-1 antigen, and for CD4 or CD8 biomarkers and results are discussed re: pathogenesis of EHV-1 infection, identification of viraemic cells in a murine model and possible link of viraemia to transient immune responses in EHV-1 infection, which demonstrate the validity of this murine model for the investigation of the cytopathologic mechanism and sequelae of EHV manifestation in this model.

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