Study the Reproductive Pattern of Different Breeds Bitches in Iraq by estimation of Kisspeptin and detection ovulation time.

Keyword(s):  
1963 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Inger ◽  
Bernard Greenberg
Keyword(s):  

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Luna ◽  
V. Fuster

SummaryThe reproductive pattern of a sample of nuclear families from La Alpujarra (Andalusia, Spain) is analysed. The origin of the wife or consanguinity of the couple does not influence fertility. Variability in number of pregnancies is most closely associated with marriage duration followed by the wife's year of birth. Differences in the number of births are explained more by the number of pregnancies than by the number of miscarriages. The number of survivors to the first birthday is dependent on the number of births and to a lower extent on infant mortality. Data from incomplete families show that reproductive performance of the wife below the age of 45 cannot be accepted as a reliable estimate of complete reproduction.


1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo M. Acha ◽  
Hermes Mianzan ◽  
Carlos A. Lasta ◽  
Raúl A. Guerrero

Most fishes that take advantage of the high productivity of estuaries exhibit offshore spawning, produce great numbers of small pelagic eggs and recruit to estuaries as larvae or juveniles. The reproductive pattern of Micropogonias furnieri (a planktonic egg spawner) in the Río de la Plata estuary (36°S,56°W) differs from this. Biological sampling and oceanographic data showed that the spawning area covers a narrow band across the river between Montevideo (34°50´8S,56°10´W) and Punta Piedras (35°25´S,57°10´W) at depths ranging from 6 to 8 m. This area is characterized by strong haloclines, reaching 21.5 units m-1. M. furnieri eggs were present only below the halocline, in salinities of 9.7–27.3, and at 18.5–20.2°C. Spawning occurred in the innermost part of the estuary, near the upstream edge of the salinity wedge and coinciding with the turbidity maximum (up to 150 mg L-1). The regular spawning of pelagic eggs has been reported in estuaries of southern Africa and Australia characterized by intermittent landlocking. The present results show that a large estuary may also provide the opportunity for successful spawning of pelagic eggs. Resumen. La mayoría de los peces que aprovechan la alta productividad de los estuarios efectúan sus desoves en el océano, producen gran cantidad de pequeños huevos pelágicos, y se reclutan a los estuarios como larvas o juveniles. El patrón reproductivo de Micropogonias furnieri (un desovante de huevos planctónicos) en el Río de la Plata (36°S,56°W), resulta diferente. Muestreos biológicos y datos oceanográficos demuestran que su área de desove cubre una estrecha franja a través del río, entre Montevideo (34°50´S,56°10´W) y Punta Piedras (35°25´S,57°10´W), en profundidades de 6 a 8 m. Esta área se caracteriza por fuertes haloclinas, de hasta 21.5 unidades m-1. Los huevos de M. furnieri se encuentran sólo debajo de la haloclina, en salinidades de 9.7 a 27.3, y temperaturas de 18.5° a 20.2°C. El desove tiene lugar en la parte más interna del estuario, cerca del límite río arriba de la cuña salina, y en coincidencia con el máximo de turbidez (hasta 150 mg L-1). En estuarios del sur de Africa y Australia, caracterizados por el cierre intermitente de su boca, ha sido reportado el desove regular de huevos planctónicos. Nuestros resultados demuestran que un gran estuario también puede proveer la oportunidad para el desove exitoso de huevos planctónicos.


1988 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Simin Saedi Wong

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 692-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
LS Andrade ◽  
M Antunes ◽  
PA Lima ◽  
M Furlan ◽  
IF Frameschi ◽  
...  

AbstractThe life cycle of the crab Callinectes danae is estuarine-dependent, and studies on aspects of their biology should also cover marine areas. The present study investigated the sexual maturity, as well as habitat preference by adults in different gonadal stages, and the crabs’ reproductive periodicity outside the estuary. Three bays on the subtropical southeastern coast of Brazil were sampled monthly for two years. For each bay, six transects were established, four of them parallel to the beach line (5, 10, 15 and 20 m depth), as well as one transect in an exposed area, and another sheltered from the action of waves. The results showed that the pattern of spatio-temporal distribution of adults C. danae was similar in three bays, although the highest abundance was found in Ubatumirim. Females with developed gonads/ovigerous females were found in greater abundance than females with rudimentary/developing gonads, mainly in deeper transects. Although the areas sampled have different environmental characteristics, the reproductive pattern of the species did not change, showing continuous reproduction throughout, with more abundance of reproductive females on spring and summer. Males reached maturity at larger sizes than females in all three bays.


2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Malmsten ◽  
Gunnar Jansson ◽  
Nils Lundeheim ◽  
Anne-Marie Dalin

Author(s):  
J.A. Baeza ◽  
M. Thiel

The porcellanid crab Liopetrolisthes mitra is a common associate of the black sea urchin, Tetrapygus niger in north central Chile. The host-use pattern, population dynamics and reproductive pattern of L. mitra on sea urchins were examined between January 1996 and February 1997. Each month, between 60 and 95 per cent of all collected urchins hosted crabs, with the highest frequency of cohabitation occurring during the austral summer (January to March). Group sizes of crabs on individual urchins ranged from 1 to 25 crabs per host. The average density of crabs on the urchins ranged from 2 to 5.5 crabs per host. Large urchins were inhabited by crabs more frequently than small urchins but urchin size had no effect on the number or size of crabs. The sex ratio of adult crabs was ˜1:1 during most months. Reproduction occurred throughout the year but was most intense during the austral spring and summer (October to March), when the highest percentage of ovigerous females were found. Similarly, recruitment of L. mitra occurred throughout the year but reached a peak during austral summer and early autumn (January to May). All life stages of L. mitra including recently settled megalopae and reproductive adults were found on urchins. Size–frequency analysis indicated that many crabs live >1.5 years. The results of this study confirm that the association between L. mitra and T. niger is strong and persists throughout the benthic life of the commensal crab.


2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (NA) ◽  
pp. 115-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Barrett ◽  
Kelly R. Munkittrick

Canada’s environmental effects monitoring (EEM) program is currently in its fifth cycle of monitoring for the pulp and paper industry and second cycle of monitoring for the metal mining industry. More than 60 different sentinel fish species have been used in the EEM fish population surveys and reproductive impacts have been identified as an issue of concern in the pulp and paper program. A review of the literature was conducted to obtain details of the reproductive biology of each fish species that has been used in EEM studies in Canada. Using available data on seasonal changes in gonadosomatic indices, the seasonal reproductive patterns of Canadian fish species were divided into categories based on reproductive strategy and the timing of initiation of gonadal recrudescence. Recommended sampling times were developed for each reproductive pattern based on periods of temporal stability, minimum variability, and maximum value in gonadosomatic indices within a reproductive cycle. The reproductive strategy, spawning time, spawning temperature, and recommended sampling time were provided for the each sentinel fish species as well as life history characteristics including longevity, age and size at maturity, and mobility. Examination of the fish surveys using small bodied forage species from the EEM pulp and paper program revealed that approximately 72% of these studies were not conducted at the developed recommended sampling times and the magnitude of impacts may be underestimated by failing to sample at the recommended time.


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