scholarly journals Being tall compared to compared to being tall and being taller

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Jaime Castillo-Gamboa ◽  
Alexis Wellwood ◽  
Deniz Rudin
Keyword(s):  
Degree Semantics ◽  
Positive Form

This paper investigates the semantics of implicit comparatives (Alice is tall compared to Bob) and its connections to the semantics of explicit comparatives (Alice is taller than Bob) and sentences with adjectives in plain positive form (Alice is tall). We consider evidence from two experiments that tested judgments about these three kinds of sentence, and provide a semantics for implicit comparatives from the perspective of degree semantics.

scholarly journals Some inequalities for star duality of the radial Blaschke-Minkowski homomorphisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1064-1075
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Weidong Wang ◽  
Youjiang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Answer ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Dual Quermassintegrals ◽  
Monotonic Inequality ◽  
Star Bodies

Abstract In 2006, Schuster introduced the radial Blaschke-Minkowski homomorphisms. In this article, associating with the star duality of star bodies and dual quermassintegrals, we establish Brunn-Minkowski inequalities and monotonic inequality for the radial Blaschke-Minkowski homomorphisms. In addition, we consider its Shephard-type problems and give a positive form and a negative answer, respectively.

Toward Peace

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
A. C. Grayling
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Ideal State

AbstractAs part of the roundtable “World Peace (And How We Can Achieve It),” this essay argues that an ideal state of peace might not be attainable, but a positive form of peace could be achieved on a global scale if states and peoples made a serious investment—comparable to their investment in military expenditure—in promoting the kind of mutual cultural understanding that reduces tensions and divisions and fosters cooperation. Peacemaking usually focuses on diplomatic and military détente; the argument in this essay is that these endeavors, though obviously important, are not by themselves enough for the best attainable kind of peace, for which the further and even more important aim of cultural entente is essential. This implies that peacemaking activities need to apply vastly more effort to intercultural and interpersonal exchange and education.

Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure of the Geriatric Depression Scale in Turkish Elderly: Are There Different Factor Structures for Different Cultures?

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turan Ertan ◽  
Engin Eker
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Positive Form

The purpose of this study was to examine the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) translated into Turkish for its reliability, discriminant validity, and factor structure in a sample of 276 community-dwelling elderly and 30 patients with major depression. One item (Item 5) was discovered to have conceptual difficulty for Turkish elderly and was transformed to negative form. Item 2 was transformed to positive form to keep the number of positive and negative items equal to that in the original GDS. A reasonable time stability with 1-week interval (r:.74) and a high level of internal consistency (α = .91) were observed. Student's t test resulted in a significant discriminant validity for the scale total score. Factor study with principal component analysis and varimax rotation gave rise to a structure with seven factors. Results of the same analysis with two factors were found to be easier to interpret. The first factor was composed of 19 items reflecting “depressive affect and thought content.” The other 11 items representing “decrease in motivation and cognitive functions” loaded in the second factor. In conclusion, the Turkish GDS was found to have reasonable time reliability, high internal consistency, and discriminant validity for Turkish elderly. Its two-factor structure can be used as an informative instrument for epidemiological studies, reflecting two main dimensions of depression in the elderly.

DEAP-HUS: Deficiency of CFHR plasma proteins and autoantibody-positive form of hemolytic uremic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2009-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Zipfel ◽  
◽  
Christoph Mache ◽  
Dominik Müller ◽  
Christoph Licht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

A Massive System of Microtubules Associated with Cytoplasmic Movement in Telotrophic Ovarioles

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-449
Author(s):  
H. C. MACGREGOR ◽  
H. STEBBINGS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Form Birefringence ◽  
Terminal Filament ◽  
Telotrophic Ovary ◽  
Oocyte Cytoplasm ◽  
Heavy Labelling

The telotrophic ovary of Notonecta glauca glauca consists of 7 ovarioles. Each ovariole comprises, from front to rear, a terminal filament, a trophic region, a prefollicular region, and a series of 10-15 follicles of progressively increasing size The trophic region is largely syncytial and is made up of polyploid trophic nuclei packed around a central trophic core The cytoplasm of the trophic core is continuous with the cytoplasm of each oocyte through a system of trophic tubes. There is one trophic tube per oocyte. The trophic nuclei have large nucleoli. There are a few small nucleoli in the oocyte nuclei The cytoplasm of the trophic core, the trophic tubes, and the oocytes is rich in RNA. Autoradiographs of sections of ovarioles fixed 2 h after injection of [3H]uridine into animals show label over the trophic nuclei only. Eight-hour autoradiographs show heavy labelling of the trophic region and label over the front ends of the trophic tubes, but little label over the posterior regions of the tubes or the oocyte cytoplasm. Later autoradiographs mdicate that label gradually spreads backwards from the trophic core, along the trophic tubes, and progressively builds up in the oocyte cytoplasm These observations are thought to indicate synthesis of RNA in the trophic region and movement of RNA from the trophic core along the trophic tubes to the oocytes The trophic core and tubes show brilliant positive form birefringence with respect to their lengths. This birefringence can be reduced by keeping animals at 2 °C for 12 h, and eliminated by placing ovarioles in 1 % colchicine for 6 h. Electron micrographs of thin sections of ovarioles show that trophic core and tubes are densely and uniformly packed with ribosomes and microtubules The latter are lined up along the trophic tubes. There are about 30000 microtubules evident in a TS through a trophic tube 15µm wide. Lengths of microtubules up to 2µm have been observed. Ribosomes are packed between the microtubules but are excluded from regions where the spacing between adjacent microtubules is less than 25 nm The contribution of the trophic region to the oocytes and the role of the microtubules in maintaining or facilitating the movement of ribosomes along the trophic tubes is discussed

The Formation and Properties of the Organic Matrix of Reptilian Tooth Enamel

1957 ◽  
Vol s3-98 (43) ◽  
pp. 349-367
Author(s):  
D.F. G. POOLE
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Enamel Formation ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Form Birefringence ◽  
Parallel Fibres ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Elementary State ◽  
Simple Step ◽  
Matrix Production

A number of features of enamel formation in the lizard Agama atricollis are described. The behaviour and properties of the ameloblasts indicate that the process of enamel formation is similar to the corresponding process in mammals; the fibrous enamel matrix appears to be formed from outgrowths of the cytoplasm of these cells. Interprismatic material, as it is known in mammals, is not produced, so that reptilian matrix tends to be uniformly fibrous. Nevertheless, the fibres are initially arranged in groups corresponding to the ameloblasts. There is no distinct pre-enamel stage because matrix production is immediately followed by a limited influx of mineral in an elementary state, converting the matrix into an basiphil form. Striae of Retzius may be due to periodic pauses in the normal process of matrix production enabling the ameloblasts to assimilate and secrete mineral. Before the onset of final calcification, the matrix seems to undergo a modification rendering it capable of influencing the size and orientation of mineral crystallites. The organic matrix has a refractive index of 1.57 and has no intrinsic birefringence. However, in suitable liquids the parallel fibres produce a positive form birefringence. If paraffin wax is allowed to crystallize on the matrix, optically negative streaks are formed parallel with the fibres, perhaps as the result of crystal overgrowth. Evidence obtained indicates that this reptilian type of ectodermal enamel is a likely precursor of the mammalian prismatic type. The evolution from one to the other could have been achieved in a comparatively simple step.

The limiting theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-176
Author(s):  
Alexis Wellwood
Keyword(s):  
Available P ◽  
Degree Semantics ◽  
Lexical Categories ◽  
Attitude Verbs ◽  
Scalar Structure

This chapter considers how the compositional theory argued for in the preceding chapters might apply to a variety of additional cases where a lexical, degree-theoretic semantics has been proposed. For example, the analysis of attitude verbs like “to want”, nouns like “idiot”, and verbs like “to cool”. The chapter suggests that, rather than diagnosing scalar structure, the kinds of data motivating lexical degree-theoretic interpretation here should be understood as diagnostic of order-theoretic properties on the relevant expression’s domain of predication. Supporting the idea of a general recipe for how such cases should be addressed, the chapter raises theoretical questions like the following: do any lexical categories natively have a degree semantics? When is a degree-theoretic treatment appropriate? Should there be morphosyntactic requirements (e.g., overt or covert “much”) for an interpretation based on degrees, or not? What alternative analyses of extant cases are available?

Positive Forms on Nuclear *-Algebras and Their Integral Representations

1990 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Bélanger ◽  
Erik G. F. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Integral Representation ◽  
Positive Cone ◽  
Approximate Identity ◽  
Integral Representations ◽  
Regularity Conditions ◽  
Direct Integral ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Representations Of Algebras ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Order Intervals

Abstract.The main result of this paper establishes the existence and uniqueness of integral representations of KMS functionals on nuclear *- algebras. Our first result is about representations of *-algebras by means of operators having a common dense domain in a Hilbert space. We show, under certain regularity conditions, that (Powers) self-adjoint representations of a nuclear *-algebra, which admit a direct integral decomposition, disintegrate into representations which are almost all self-adjoint. We then define and study the class of self-derivative algebras. All algebras with an identity are in this class and many other examples are given. We show that if is a self-derivative algebra with an equicontinuous approximate identity, the cone of all positive forms on is isomorphic to the cone of all positive invariant kernels on These in turn correspond bijectively to the invariant Hilbert subspaces of the dual space This shows that if is a nuclear -space, the positive cone of has bounded order intervals, which implies that each positive form on has an integral representation in terms of the extreme generators of the cone. Given a continuous exponentially bounded one-parameter group of *-automorphisms of we can define the subcone of all invariant positive forms satisfying the KMS condition. Central functionals can be viewed as KMS functionals with respect to a trivial group action. Assuming that is a self-derivative algebra with an equicontinuous approximate identity, we show that the face generated by a self-adjoint KMS functional is a lattice. If is moreover a nuclear *-algebra the previous results together imply that each self-adjoint KMS functional has a unique integral representation by means of extreme KMS functionals almost all of which are self-adjoint.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis and forage accumulation of Urochloa ruziziensis under nitrogen and potassium fertilization management

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1605
Author(s):  
Karla Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
Carlos Augusto Brandão de Carvalho ◽  
Flavio Henrique Vidal Azevedo ◽  
Fabio Prudêncio de Campos ◽  
Aline Barros da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Positive Form ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Appearance Rate

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on the morphogenetic and structural characteristics and production of Urochloa ruziziensis in two summer seasons (summer 1, 2010–2011and summer 2, 2011–2012) and the autumn and spring of 2011. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (0, 120, 240, and 360 kg ha-1 year-1 of N and K2O) and five replications was used, with repeated measurements in each season, in a split plot arrangement. The treatments were allocated to the plots and the seasons of the year to the subplots. The phyllochron (PHY),leaf appearance rate (LAR), leaf elongation rate (LER), stem elongation rate (SER), tiller population density (TPD), tiller appearance rate (TAR), tiller mortality rate (TMR), leaf growth rate (LGR), stem growth rate (SGR), senescence rate (SR), forage accumulation rate (FAR), and leaf accumulation rate (LAR) of Urochloa ruziziensis were evaluated. There was a positive quadratic effect for the PHY and ELR, with maximum values of 4.3 days leaf-1 and 0.43 cm tiller-1 day-1, respectively. While the SER increased linearly (0.0012 cm day-1 kg-1 of N and K2O) during summer 2. The TPD, TAR, and TMR increased linearly (averages of 1.53 tillers m-2, 0.04% and 0.02% per kg of N and K2O, respectively) with nitrogen and potassium fertilization during spring and both summer seasons. The LGR, SGR, and SR also increased linearly with N and K2O application rates during summer 2 (0.2809, 0.0082, and 0.0411 kg DM ha-1 day-1, per kg of N and K2O, respectively), while the FAR and LAR increased in a quadratic positive form (maximum values of 175 and 129 kg dry matter (DM) ha-1, corresponding to 294 and 237 kg ha-1 of N and K2O, respectively) during summer 2. Urochloa ruziziensis is a forage plant with a high DM production capacity during the summer and a high seasonal forage production.

Tribute to Professor H. R. Mackintosh

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-236
Author(s):  
T. W. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Positive Form ◽  
Doctrine Of Election ◽  
Doctrine Of The Church ◽  
The Church ◽  
Academic Study

It Was significant of H. R. Mackintosh and his whole theological position that he made his class for the preparation of sermons a part of his course in theology. He often declared that the test of theology is whether it will preach well. When we first heard it, it may not have carried conviction. But experience taught us how true it is.Professor Mackintosh considered that the task of theology was to assist the proclamation of the Gospel. In his eyes theology was not an academic study but a practical one, because the Gospel is not so much the explanation of life as the cure of its disorder. It was his duty as a theologian to explain and justify the doctrine of the Church. But he never forgot that it would be the duty of his students when they became ministers of the Church to translate that doctrine into proclamation and appeal. If such preaching carried conviction and strengthened faith, then the theology behind it would be justified. To take an example-he used to draw a distinction between the positive and negative sides of the doctrine of election. He argued that the positive form of the doctrine is a conviction of believing experience. It declares that faith rests upon the grace of God which was directed towards the believer before ever he responded to it, and that he can count upon it to sustain him to the end.

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