scholarly journals Investigating a possible “musician advantage” for speech-in-speech perception: The role of f0 separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Michelle D Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Target Sentence ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Domain Transfer ◽  
Separation Results

Does listeners’ musical experience improve their ability to perceive speech-in-speech? In the present experiment, musicians and nonmusicians heard two sentences played simultaneously: a target and a masker sentence that varied in terms of fundamental frequency (f0) separation. Results reveal that accuracy in identifying the target sentence was highest for younger musicians (relative to younger nonmusicians). No such difference was observed between older musicians and nonmusicians. These results provide support for musicians’ purported advantage for speech-in-speech – but the advantage is limited by listener age. This work is relevant to our understanding of cross-domain transfer of nonlinguistic experience on speech perception.

scholarly journals Modeling Discontinuities in Cultural Evolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liane Gabora ◽  
Mike Steel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
New Information ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Domain Transfer ◽  
Cultural Discontinuities

Discontinuities permeate culture, and present a formidable challenge to mathematical models of cultural evolution. Cultural discontinuities have their origin in cognitive processes that include metaphor, analogy, cross-domain transfer, and self-organized criticality. This paper shows how cultural discontinuities can be accommodated by a theory of cultural evolution using cognitive reflexively autocatalytic foodset-generated (RAF) networks. RAF networks, originally developed to model the origin of life, have been used to models the origin of cognitive structure capable of evolving culture. Mental representations of knowledge and experience play the role of catalytic molecules, interactions amongst them (e.g., associations, affordances, or concept combinations) play the role of reactions, and thought processes are modelled as chains of such interactions. The approach tags mental representations with their source, i.e., whether they were acquired through social learning, individual learning (of pre-existing information), or creative thought (resulting in new information). This makes it possible to track the emergence and transformation of cultural novelty. We illustrate how the approach accommodates discontinuities using a historical example, and show how it is amenable to modelling cultural contributions of groups. We provide a RAF interpretation of the self-made worldview, and discuss how the approach can be used to think more concretely about possible future cultural trajectories. Because cross-domain thinking produces cultural discontinuities, it is impossible to pre-specify what features or traits will be present in future iterations of a cultural output. This suggests that cultural lineages are comprised not of external outputs or ‘memes’, but the conceptual networks that generate them.

Categorization flexibility and unconventional choices: is life an adventure?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1963-1986
Author(s):  
Tilottama G. Chowdhury ◽  
Feisal Murshed
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Multiple Domains

Purpose This paper proposes that categorization flexibility, operationalized as the cognitive capacity that cross-categorizes products in multiple situational categories across multiple domains, might favorably influence a consumer’s evaluation of unconventional options. Design/methodology/approach Experimental research design is used to test the theory. An exploratory study first establishes the effect of categorization flexibility in a non-food domain. Study 1 documents the moderating role of decision domain, showing that the effect works only under low- (vs high-) consequence domain. Studies 2A and 2B further refine the notion by showing that individuals can be primed in a relatively higher categorization flexibility frame of mind. Study 3 demonstrates the interactive effect of categorization flexibility and adventure priming in a high-consequence domain. Study 4 integrates the interactive effects of decisions with low- vs high-consequence, adventure priming and categorization flexibility within a single decision domain of high consequence. Findings Consumers with higher- (vs lower-) categorization flexibility tend to opt for unconventional choices when the decision domain entails low consequences, whereas such a result does not hold under decision domain of high consequences. The categorization flexibility effects in case of low-consequence decision domain holds true even when consumers are primed to be categorization flexible. Furthermore, with additional adventure priming, consumers show an increased preference for unconventional options even under a decision domain with high consequence. Research limitations/implications This study could not examine real purchase behavior as results are based on cross-sectional, behavioral intention data. In addition, it did not examine the underlying reason for presence of cross-domain categorization flexibility index. Practical implications The results suggest that stimuli may be tailored to consumers in ways that increase the salience and the perceived attractiveness of unconventional choices. Further, data reinforce the notion of cross-categorical interrelations among different domains, which could be leveraged by marketers. Originality/value This study represents the first documentation of the potential ways by which unconventional product choice might be a function of individuals’ categorization flexibility level across different types of decision domains. The findings yield implications that are novel to both categorization and consumer decision-making literature.

Space modulates cross-domain transfer of abstract rules in infants

2022 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 105270
Author(s):  
Hermann Bulf ◽  
Chiara Capparini ◽  
Elena Nava ◽  
Maria Dolores de Hevia ◽  
Viola Macchi Cassia
Keyword(s):  
Cross Domain ◽  
Domain Transfer

Cross Domain Transfer for Sketch-based Clothing Retrieval

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Chen ◽  
Haopeng Lei ◽  
Mingwen Wang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Xiangjian He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Domain ◽  
Domain Transfer ◽  
Clothing Retrieval

The role of constituent order and level of embedding in cross-linguistic structural priming

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUNNAR JACOB ◽  
KALLIOPI KATSIKA ◽  
NEILOUFAR FAMILY ◽  
SHANLEY E. M. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
Priming Effect ◽  
Target Sentence ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Structural Priming ◽  
Tree Representation ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Hierarchical Tree ◽  
Constituent Order

In two cross-linguistic priming experiments with native German speakers of L2 English, we investigated the role of constituent order and level of embedding in cross-linguistic structural priming. In both experiments, significant priming effects emerged only if prime and target were similar with regard to constituent order and also situated on the same level of embedding. We discuss our results on the basis of two current theoretical accounts of cross-linguistic priming, and conclude that neither an account based on combinatorial nodes nor an account assuming that constituent order is directly responsible for the priming effect can fully explain our data pattern. We suggest an account that explains cross-linguistic priming through a hierarchical tree representation. This representation is computed during processing of the prime, and can influence the formulation of a target sentence only when the structural features specified in it are grammatically correct in the target sentence.

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