scholarly journals COMPARISON OF SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PNEUMATIC VERSUS LASER LITHOTRIPSY IN URETERIC STONES

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ata ur Rehman Rana ◽  
Syed Atif Hussain Rana ◽  
Muhammad Saddiq Haris ◽  
Kizar Hayat Gondal ◽  
Ali Shandar Durrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Laser Lithotripsy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedures ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Pneumatic Lithotripsy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Treatments for ureteral calculi evolve, over the past decades from open ureterolithotomy to minimally invasive procedures. Objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of pneumatic versus laser lithotripsy in ureteric stones. METHODOLGY: A RCT study was conducted in Department of Urology Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from 1st March 2018 to 31st August 2018. Patients were divided into two groups. In group A, 2 Fr pneumatic probe was used for pneumatic lithotripsy, while in group B, 550 μm fiber probe was used for laser lithotripsy. RESULTS: Efficacy of Group A (pneumatic lithotripsy) was seen in 57 (77.63%) patients while in Group B (laser lithotripsy) was seen in 71 (93.42%) patients with p-value of 0.006 CONCLUSION: Laser lithotripsy in ureteric stones is better as compared to pneumatic lithotripsy.  

Carpal tunnel syndrome: matching minimally invasive surgical techniques

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittoria Nazzi ◽  
Angelo Franzini ◽  
Giuseppe Messina ◽  
Giovanni Broggi
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Group B

✓In the past few years, several different minimally invasive surgical techniques have been proposed to decompress the median nerve at the wrist. Use of these techniques has become widespread due to fewer local complications, faster functional recovery, and reduced surgical time. In this paper the authors compare 3 different minimally invasive surgical techniques used at their institution in the past 13 years. Between January 1994 and January 2007, 891 patients underwent 1272 surgeries at the authors' institution for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), for which a minimally invasive technique was used. In 473 cases (Group A), the transillumination technique with a single wrist incision and a “carpalotome” (a modified Paine retinaculotome) was used; in 216 cases (Group B), transillumination was abandoned and a single linear wrist incision for access with the carpalotome was performed; and in 583 cases (Group C), the techniques were further modified by making a second incision in the palm using the carpalotome. All 3 groups of patients were homogeneous for age, sex, and duration of the symptomatology. In 90% of the patients in Group A, in 88% of those in Group B, and 99.8% of patients in Group C, complete remission of symptoms was obtained. Due to persistence of symptoms, 44 patients in Group A, 24 in Group B, and only 1 in Group C underwent a repeated operation with the open technique. The only surgical complication requiring repeated operation of the 1272 operations was a lesion of the primitive median artery (1 patient in Group C). The technique of median nerve decompression at the wrist that was used for patients in Group C represents a valid alternative for treatment of CTS.

Analysis of Electrode Degradation Through the Use of Synthetic Tissue Analog

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mason J. Webster ◽  
Derek M. Herbert ◽  
Peter T. Pascoal ◽  
Justin C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedures ◽  
Rf Ablation ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Electrode Degradation ◽  
The World ◽  
Porcine Tissues

RF Ablation Efficacy Testing: Modern surgical techniques utilize radio frequency ablation tools in minimally invasive procedures around the world today. The safety and efficacy of these tools must be verified before being used in human trials. This verification is typically performed on bovine, ovine, or porcine tissues which simulate clinical use.

scholarly journals Outcome of Lower Ureteric Stone Fragmentation by Laser in Comparison with Pneumatic Lithotripsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
SA Anowar Ul Quadir ◽  
Khan Nazrul Islam ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Shafiqul Alam Chowdhury ◽  
SM Mahbub Alam
Keyword(s):  
Laser Lithotripsy ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Ureteric Stone ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Operation Theatre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pneumatic Lithotripsy ◽  
Stone Fragmentation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Several different modalities are available for ureteral stone fragmentation. From them pneumatic and holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho: YAG) lithotripsy have supportive outcomes. Aims: To see the outcome of lower ureteric stone fragmentation by laser in comparison with pneumatic lithotripsy. Methods: The prospective clinical study was conducted during the period from July 2012 to June 2014 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. From the patient admitted in Dhaka medical college hospital a total of 60 patient were selected using purposive sampling methods. Selected patients were numbered chronologically and odd number group as group A (laser lithotripsy) and even number group B (pneumatic lithtripsy). Cystoscopy followed by ureterescopy with the help of guide wire was done and stone fragmentation done by either laser lithotripsy (done in general operation theatre in Dhaka Medical College Hospital) or pneumatic lithotripsy (done in Urology operation theatre in Dhaka Medical College Hospital). Collected data were processed and analyzed using computer software SPSS (statistical package for social science), version-18. Un-pair t-test, chisquare test and Fishers Exact probability test were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study showed age and sex are almost identically distributed in both groups. Results: The mean age of group A and group- B were 35.63±11.66 and 38.90±11.21 years respectively. A male predominance was observed in both groups with 70% male in group- A and 53.3% in group-B. Stone size was also observed identically in both groups. 43% of stone are larger than 10mm in group- A and 47% stone are larger than 10mm. None of other baseline variable found very between groups. Immediate stone clearance was much higher in group-A (96.7%) then that in group- B (80%). Although both the groups demonstrated 100% clearance after 1 month. Immediate complications were higher in group B then those of group- A. Ureteral perforation in group B was found 6.7% as opposed to none in group-A. Fever in group A (6.7%) was observed to be more than 3 times higher than in group- B (23.3%). Comparison of complications after 1 and 3 months shows some differences (higher in group-B) but that is not significant. Ureteral stricture developed in 3 patients in group- B compared to nil in group- A. More than 90% of patients of group-A were released from the hospital within 3 days after operation, in contrast about 40% in group-B left the hospital within 3 days. Conclusion: So, laser lithotripsy is better option for the management of lower ureteric stone by using semi rigid ureteroscope, in term of stone migration, rate of stone fragmentation and clearance, operation time, hospital stay and complication. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 23, No. 2, July 2020 p.169-175

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF LIGNOCAINE AND BENZOCAINE PATCHES FOR VARIOUS DENTAL TREATMENTS IN CHILDREN

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 028-034
Author(s):  
Kavita Rai ◽  
Amitha M. Hegde ◽  
Mary Jacob ◽  
R. Narayana Charyulu
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract:This study was done to evaluate the clinical efficacy of lidocaine and benzocaine patches in various dental treatment in children. A total of 120 patients were divided into two groups, i.e Group A and Group B. Group A, consisted of 60 children where lignocaine patches were placed and Group B where Benzocaine patches were placed. For each group, the onset of action was recorded after checking for symptoms of anesthesia, subjective and objective pain assessment was evaluated by the VAS and the SEM scale. There was an earlier onset of action which was seen for Lignocaine compared to Benzocaine. But when each of the treatments were compared the anesthetic effect from patches kept the patient comfortable for minimally invasive procedures like band adaptation and was statistically significant. The VAS(Visual analogue scale) scores recorded were statistically significant for the pulpectomy procedure for Benzocaine group compared to Lignocaine. SEM (Sound eyes motor scale) scores were suggestive that the children were more comfortable with the Lignocaine patches when compared to Benzocaine patches.(p <0.0001).The extraction procedures of only grade 3 mobile teeth, pulp therapy for non-vital teeth and band adaptation were clinically successful for both the groups. Our study concluded that, bioadhesive patches can be an alternative over infiltration anesthesia in minimally invasive dental procedures and also could be used successfully for reducing the pain of nerve blocks for children as well as adults which has to be administered in the case of more invasive procedures like pulp therapy.

scholarly journals Comparative study of safety and efficacy of pregabalin, gabapentin and amitriptyline in management of neuropathic pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Nagaraju Kancherla ◽  
G. Chitti Babu ◽  
Hukum Singh ◽  
Mayank Khandelwal ◽  
Nitika Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Neuropathic pain has a significant negative impact on the patients’ quality of life. Now a day’s anticonvulsants and antidepressants drugs are often used as first-line drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain. The present study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gabapentin, amitriptyline, and pregabalin in patients of severe neuropathic pain not controlled by simple analgesics.Methods: A total of 360 patients diagnosed with cases of chronic lumbar radiculopathy based on symptoms, clinical examination, X-ray, and magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) scan of the lumbosacral spine, were randomized into three groups. Group A patients received pregabalin 75 mg, Group B patients received gabapentin 300 mg, and Group C patients received amitriptyline 10 mg, respectively. Pain intensity was measured at the baseline, after 1 month and after 2 months with the Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Adverse drug reaction reported by the patient or observed by the clinician during the study was reported using the adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting form.Results: At baseline, the mean±SD of NPRS score in Group A was 8.42±1.48, in Group B and Group C were 8.53±1.94 and 8.33±1.26 respectively with an F-value of 0.843 and p value of 0.584, which was not statistically significant. At 1 month, the mean±SD of NPRS score in Group A was 7.23±1.58, in Group B and Group C were 7.43±2.03 and 7.99±2.10 respectively with F-value of 1.58 and p value of 0.085 which was not statistically significant. At 2 months, the mean±SD of NPRS score in Group A was 4.38±2.72, in Group B and Group C were 4.74±2.86 and 6.32±2.31 respectively with F-value of 5.53 and p value of 0.002 which was statistically significant.Conclusions: Pregabalin has the advantages in terms of the NPRS score over gabapentin and amitriptyline. Gabapentin has fewer reported adverse effects and hence better patient compliance on long term use. Amitriptyline is more cost effective than pregabalin which is an important factor to keep in mind while treating patients.

scholarly journals Outcome of Stone Fragmentation with Pneumatic and Ultrasonic Lithotripter During Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Shariful Islam Khan ◽  
Md Nurul Hooda ◽  
Md Safiul Alam Babul ◽  
Mohammad Habibur Rahman ◽  
Anup Roy Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pneumatic Lithotripsy ◽  
Stone Fragmentation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ultrasonic Lithotripsy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background of the study: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard treatment for kidney stones larger than 2 cm. PCNL has replaced open surgical removal of large or complex calculi at the most institutions. The success of PCNL is related to the ability to achieve an optimum access tract and proper fragmentation. A wide range of lithotripsy techniques are currently available. One of these is ultrasonic lithotripsy, in which the stones are fragmented and sucked out simultaneously. This technique induces minimal tissue injury and could be considered as a standard modality for PCNL. The pneumatic lithotripter uses pneumatic ballast, which crushes the stones without producing any thermal effects. Because this mechanical energy passes along the metal wire to the stone, the probe works like a chisel on the stone surface. This modality destroys all stones, regardless of their composition. There were very few studies had been done in this context in our country, so I had decided to do this study to compare the outcome of stone fragmentation with pneumatic and ultrasonic lithotripter during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Objective: To compare the outcome of stone fragmentation with pneumatic and ultrasonic lithotripter during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Materials & Methods: This Prospective Interventional Study (Quasi Experimental Trial) was performed in Department of Urology, National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology, Sher-E- Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during the period from December 2014 to May 2016. A total of 60 subjects will be selected with renal calculi (as per inclusion & exclusion criteria), among these, half of the patients will be group A (using pneumatic lithotripsy) & rest of the patients will be group B (using ultrasonic lithotripsy). The study subjects were underwent PCNL under general anesthesia, half of which used pneumatic lithotripter and rest used ultrasonic lithotripter for stone fragmentation. Above mentioned outcome variables were assessed both per-operative and post-operatively. Data were collected, processed & analyzed. Statistical analysis of relevant variables was done by unpaired Student’s T test and Chi Square test. P value Â0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total 60 patients were selected for study according to the selection criteria. Of the 60 subjects, 30 patients, those who were done PCNL by pneumatic lithotripsy were labeled as Group A and 30 patients, those who were done PCNL by ultrasonic lithotripsy, were labeled with Group B. Distribution of respondents in terms of different parameters is shown in tabulated form and statistical analysis was done in both groups to see statistical significance, p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The mean stone fragmentation time was 27.23±4.78 (18-38) min in PCNL by pneumatic lithotripsy and those were 23.80±5.30 (13-34) min in by ultrasonic lithotripsy which is statistically significant. Other variables of interest which includes stone clearance rate, post operative haematuria and post operative hospital stay, were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Comparing the findings of the present study, results indicate that stone fragmentation time is lesser in ultrasonic lithotripsy than pneumatic lithotripsy in PCNL which decreases the overall operative time. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 23, No. 2, July 2020 p.129-135

Cannulation Strategies for Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Lamelas ◽  
Corinne Aberle ◽  
Alejandro E. Macias ◽  
Ahmed Alnajar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedures ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Operative Techniques ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effective Operation

Objective Operative techniques for minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) have evolved dramatically over the past decade to include a wide demographic of patients. Mastering a variety of cannulation techniques is of paramount importance in performing a safe perfusion strategy and operation. Our aim is to describe cannulation strategies utilized in various MICS procedures. Methods We review numerous cannulation strategies and their application in different minimally invasive procedures. Results Cannulation strategies will vary depending on the MICS procedure and other anatomical variations and obstacles. Utilizing the appropriate cannulation strategy will allow for a safe and effective operation. Conclusions Mastering the art of cannulation will provide surgeons with a toolbox to choose from when performing MICS in a wide variety of procedures.

scholarly journals A prospective randomized single blind study to compare the safety and efficacy of propronolol and topiramate in migraine prophylaxis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Keelu Rajkumar ◽  
Pothuru Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blind Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Single Blind

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the Safety and efficacy of propranolol and topiramate in migraine prophylaxis.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, single blind study which was conducted for six months in 100 patients of outpatient department of Neurology Government General Hospital, Guntur.Results: Among the hundred patients fifty were allotted to group A – propranolol 40 mg bd and fifty were allotted to group B- topiramate 25 mg bd. statistically there is no significant differences were found between the treatment groups of Propranolol and topiramate for the reduction in mean duration and severity of migraine headaches. Both Propranolol and topiramate have p value<0.001. This shows that both propranolol and topiramate have significantly decreased in the mean duration and severity of migraine attacks. However, in the present study topiramate is slightly more efficacious in reducing the symptoms of migraine frequency per month (days), duration and severity (visual analogue scale- VAS score) from baseline at the end of six months. The decrease in frequency of migraine attacks from 10.44±4.38 to 3.18±4.48 i.e., 70.2% from baseline is seen with topiramate.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that both propranolol and topiramate could significantly reduce migraine headache frequency, duration and intensity. However, compared with propranolol topiramate showed better results. topiramate 25 mg reduced the symptoms like frequency, duration and severity of migraine attacks from base line at the end of six months but more number of adverse effects were seen in topiramate group.

scholarly journals A Simple Approach for Minimally Invasive Combined Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Alkady ◽  
Sobhy Abouramadan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Time ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background There is now extension of minimally invasive techniques to involve concomitantly aortic and mitral valves through a single small incision. We share our experience in such surgeries through upper partial sternotomy with approaching the mitral valve through the dome of the left atrium. Methods Two matched groups of cases receiving concomitant aortic and mitral valve surgeries are compared regarding the surgical outcomes: the minimally invasive group (group A) including 72 patients and the conventional group (group B) including 78 patients. Results The mean age was 52 ± 8 years in group A and 53 ± 7 years in group B. Males represented (42%) in group A and (49%) in group B. The mean mechanical ventilation time was significantly shorter in group A (4.3 ± 1.2 hours) than in group B (6.1 ± 0.8 hours) with a p-value of 0.001. In addition, the amount of chest tube drainage and the need for blood transfusion units were significantly less in group A (250 ± 160 cm3 and 1.3 ± 0.8 units, respectively) when compared with group B (320 ± 180 cm3 and 1.8 ± 0.9 units, respectively) with p-values of 0.013 and 0.005, respectively. Over a follow-up period of 3.2 ± 1.1 years, one mortality occurred in each group with no significant difference (p-value = 0.512). Conclusion Combined aortic and mitral valve surgery through upper partial sternotomy with approaching the mitral valve through the dome of the left atrium is safe and effective with the advantages of less postoperative blood loss, need for blood transfusion, and mechanical ventilation time compared with conventional aortic and mitral valve surgery.

scholarly journals A comparative study of preoperative intra-incisional infiltration of ceftriaxone vs. intravenous ceftriaxone for prevention of surgical site infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1686
Author(s):  
Anoop Singh ◽  
Mohammad Salim ◽  
Bhal Singh ◽  
Akshita .
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
P Value ◽  
Swab Sample ◽  
Culture Result ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a major causes of post-operative morbidity, mortality since time immemorial. Many methods have been evolved to combat wound infection including concept of antisepsis and use of intravenous antibiotics. But the rate of SSI has been more or less static over the past few decades. The current study was undertaken to check effectiveness of preoperative intra-incisional infiltration of ceftriaxone for prevention of SSI.Methods: This prospective study included 120 cases. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups (60 each). Group A, considered control and received single dose of intravenous ceftriaxone (1 gm), whereas Group B, considered test and received intra-incisional ceftriaxone before starting procedure. If any evidence of SSI present, data recorded and swab sample was taken and sent for culture. Result of this analyzed for significance.Results: In category A, 15 out of 60 patients (25%) developed SSI, while in category B, 3 out of 60 patients (5%) developed SSI. Escherichia coli is the commonest (72.22%) organism responsible for SSI in our study. Mean hospital stay of patients who develop SSI is nearly two times higher than who don’t develop SSI.Conclusions: This study confirms that the preoperative intra-incisional injection of ceftriaxone has resulted in a significant reduction in SSI infection rates in all classes of wounds both clinically as well as statistically (P value < 0.005).

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