Effectiveness of Educative Session on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice, on Diabetes and Dyslipidemia, of Patients Attending a Private Medical College Hospital in South-India

Introduction Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are non-communicable diseases that can be prevented and controlled by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in patients will provide information of much importance in Advocacy (to set guidelines by the Healthcare providers), Communication (increase awareness in subpopulation), and Social mobilization (improve services and expand community support). The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educative session on Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in patients attending a private medical college hospital on diabetes and dyslipidemia in the South-Indian population. Methodology The study was cross-sectional which included 100 patients (41 female and 59 male) of 18-50 years of age attending the hospital and the Central clinical laboratory for various disease conditions. A self-administered questionnaire on personal aspects and diabetes and dyslipidemia was collected. Result Among the study participants, 18% completed school education, 74% completed under-graduation, and 8% completed post-graduation. The frequency of livelihood showed 84% from rural and 16% from an urban background. Nearly 71% were active and 29% were sedentary performing self-activity. The source of information regarding the treatment of patients was also obtained from the patients to implement the same in advocacy. The knowledge of the study group on various aspects including the causes, symptoms, tests, complications of diabetes mellitus, lipid profile, dietary fiber, and exercises was analyzed. We found clarity of explanation about diabetes improved well after the educative session. Around 80% of responders believed that both fiber and routine exercises would contribute to preventing diabetes. Analysis of the attitude and practice revealed a significant knowledge of practicing proper diet, exercises, and routine health care after the educative session. Conclusion We conclude that healthcare providers shall focus on educating the patients according to their needs with the knowledge to have positive attitudes on healthy lifestyle practices in addition to the appropriate treatment.

Health Problems Among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) Admitted To The Medicine Ward of Cox’s Bazar Medical College Hospital

Background Forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals (FDMNs) or Rohingya refugees are one of the vulnerable groups suffering from different kinds of health problems but have been less reported yet. Therefore, the study was designed to delineate the health problems among FDMNs admitted to Cox’s Bazar Medical College Hospital. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medicine ward, Cox’s Bazar Medical College Hospital, for a six-month period following approval. Rohingya refugees who were admitted during the study period were approached for inclusion. Informed written consent was ensured prior to participation. A structured questionnaire was used during data collection. Collected information was recorded in case record form. A total of 290 subjects were interviewed. Analysis was performed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. Results The mean age of the participants was 48.76±18.67 years (range: 16-91), with a clear male predominance (60.7%). Family size ranged 6-8. All of the participants reported at least one of the illnesses. Of all, 29.66% patients reported disease of the respiratory system, and 26.9% reported disease of the gastrointestinal disease and hepatobiliary system. Accidental injury or injury due to electrocution or thin falls or snake bites was present in 10.4% of the cases. Among the single most common diseases, COPD (20%) was the most frequently observed, and the rest of them were chronic liver disease (13.1%), pulmonary TB (5.5%), ischemic stroke (5.5%), CAP (4.1%), acute coronary syndrome (3.4%), thalassaemia (3.4%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (3.4%). Among the top 6 reported diseases, PTB was more common in elderly individuals (p=0.29). The disease pattern was similar across the sexes among the refugees except community acquisition pneumonia (CAP), which was commonly observed among males (p=.004). Considering different age groups, genitourinary problems were more common in males aged >60 years, and rheumatology and musculoskeletal problems were equally affected in females aged between 40-60 years. Conclusion COPD, CLD and CAP were the most prevalent diseases in FDMN patients who attended the medicine ward of Cox’s Bazar Medical College Hospital. Further exploration is warranted before any policy making and comprehensive plan.

A Cross sectional study to assess the knowledge and attitude of primipara mothers regarding breast feeding, MES medical college hospital at Perinthalmanna

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of primipara mothers regarding breast feeding. Methodology: quantitative non experimental - descriptive research design was adopted. The study was conducted in MES medical college hospital with the sample size of 50 primipara mothers by using non probability- purposive sampling technique. Results: The knowledge score of primipara mothers regarding breast feeding were 4 (8.0%) had inadequate knowledge, 35 (70%) had average knowledge, 11 (22%) had adequate knowledge. The attitude score of the primipara mothers regarding breast feeding reveals that 2 (4.0%) had neutral attitude, 48 (96%) had positive attitude towards breast feeding. Correlation of knowledge and attitude of primipara mothers regarding breast feeding represents that mean knowledge and attitude score of primipara mothers regarding breast feeding was 14.3 and 48.74 respectively. Correlation coefficient(r) value is 0.041, which indicates statistically non significant. find the association between the knowledge and attitude with selected demographic data illutrates that there is a significant association of knowledge score with their type of family (p <0.05) and there is no significant association of knowledge score with the age, education, occupation, religion, residence, age at marriage, sex of the baby, previous knowledge on breast feeding ( p > 0.05). there is no significant association of attitude score with the with demographic data ( p >0.10). conclusion: This study was identified that 70% of the primipara mothers had average knowledge and 96% had positive attitude towards breast feeding. It implies that majority of the primipara mothers was received previous information regarding breast feeding in this study had a major role to enhance the knowledge and attitude of primipara mothers regarding breast feeeding.

Clinical Presentation of the Epileptic Patients at People Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah, Pakistan

Objective: study will determine clinical presentation, risk, and type of seizures in epileptic patients. Methodology: This observational study was conducted in Medicine department People Medical College Hospital (PMCH) Nawabshah from January 2020 to December 2020. 110 patients were included for study after informed permission of the patient or their relative. Male and female were selected. Known epileptic patients were included in the study, patients with false seizures were excluded from the study. Statically analysis was done by software SSPS 22 version. Results: Age ranged 18 to 60 years. All the patients included in the study epilepsy was noted. The mean age of patients was 37.40 SD 8.71 years. The minimum age was 28 years while maximum 60 years. Pearson Chi-Square Value 105.000a Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) .000, Likelihood Ratio Value 135.012 Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) .000, Linear-by-Linear Association Value 16.297 Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) .000 which were statistically significant. Conclusion: Epilepsy is treatable common neurological disease in Pakistan. quality of life can be improved by Education of the patients and their relatives, without socioeconomically burden.

Current Status of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting by the Physicians in A Medical College Hospital

Background: In order to improve the spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reporting practice by the physicians, there is an obligatory need to investigate the current situation of ADR reporting by them. The study was conducted to observe the ADR reporting pattern among physicians in a tertiary medical college hospital. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary medical college hospital during the study period of March 2020 to October 2020. Data were collected from 100 physicians working on different departments using self designed pretested questionnaire by convenient sampling technique. Results: Among the 100 respondents 70 provided response to questionnaire giving a response rate 70%. Most of the respondents (61.43%) had adequate knowledge on ADR reporting. A good number of respondents showed positive attitude but there is no practice of ADR reporting though most of the respondents (84.3%) had experienced it in last 1 year. Most of the respondents experienced ADR with antibiotic (81.35%), NSAIDs (33.89%) & anticonvulsants (15.25%) and maximum (44.06%) experienced ADR was with skin, 30.50% with GIT and 23.03% with respiratory system involvement. The cause of under reporting was mainly due to inaccessible ADR form, busy schedule, unaware of how and whom to report and lack of motivation to report. The respondents would be encouraged to report ADR if they were provided with simple & available reporting form, regular guideline & bulletin. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for educational training & seminar regarding our national online reporting system to emphasizing ADR reporting. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (2); July 2021; Page 8-13

Metabolic Syndrome Among Physicians: A Pilot Study from Chattogram, Bangladesh

Background : Although the information on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in the general population from different parts of Bangladesh is available, the information regarding the same is scarcely available from physicians of Bangladesh. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS among physicians working at Chattogram Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Materials and methods : Data was collected for this cross-sectional study from 255 working physicians of Chittagong Medical College Hospital in 2018. The participants filled a structured questionnaire followed by physical and biochemical measurements including waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose. National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III report (ATP III) defines criteria were used to identify physicians with the MetS. Results : Among 255 participants (males - 192 and females - 63), 100 (39.2%) were with MetS. Prevalence of same was higher in females (41.3%) than males (38.5%). The elderly physicians (>40 years) had a higher prevalence compared to the younger (£40 years) physicians [72 (50.3%) vs. 28 (25.0%)]. In the males, low High-Density Lipoproteins-Cholesterol (HDL-C) was the major contributor to the prevalence of MetS followed by high blood pressure. However, in females, low HDL-C and greater waist circumference contributed the maximum to MetS. Conclusion : This study showed a high prevalence of MetS among physicians of Bangladesh, and thereby warrants the urgent implementation of preventive health care strategies to reduce both morbidity and mortality related to this medical problem. Further studies ought to focus on the working conditions and lifestyles of individuals in these high-risk groups. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (2); July 2021; Page 65-68

Oral Nifedipine versus Intravenous Labetalol for Acute Blood Pressure Control in Severe Hypertension of Pregnancy: A Study at Faridpur Medical College Hospital

The first line antihypertensive treatment for severe hypertension of pregnancy includes labetalol, hydralazine, or nifedipine. Rapid but safe blood pressure control allows the definitive treatment, the delivery of baby to be carried out with minimal delay and good maternal and fetal outcomes. This non-randomized clinical trial was performed in Faridpur Medical College Hospital to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of oral nifedipine and intravenous labetalol in the acute control of severe hypertension of pregnancy. Total 50 admitted pregnant women with a viable fetus (>_ 24 weeks of gestation) having severe hypertension were allocated into two groups, Group A: 25 patients receiving oral nifedipine (10 mg), Group B: 25 patients receiving injectable labetalol (with incremental doses: 20, 40, 80mg). Up to 5 doses were tried for each drug at 15 minutes interval until target blood pressure (<_150/100 mmHg) was achieved. Baseline characteristics like mean age, mean weight, heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressures were similar in both labetalol and nifedipine groups. The average time required to achieve target blood pressure was 30.33 ± 10.44 minutes for labetalol and 25.63 ± 10.12 minutes for nifedipine (p=0.9129). Feto-maternal outcomes and adverse drug related effects were similar among the two groups. Both intravenous labetalol and oral nifedipine were found to be equally effective and well tolerated. Nifedipine may be preferable as it is a simple, flat dose schedule and an oral regimen. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2021;16(1):25-29