A case of stenosis of the right internal carotid artery with limb shaking of the left arm and leg

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is commonly treated with bilateral neck radiation, which is closely associated with the complication of carotid-occlusive disease. This leads to cerebral hemodynamic compromise and possible ischemic stroke. Another manifestation is limb-shaking transient ischemic attacks (LS-TIAs), characterized by rhythmic jerks which can be easily mistaken as a focal motor seizure. We describe a case of unilateral LS-TIAs from bilateral carotid occlusion that resolved with contralateral carotid revascularization. Our patient is a 65-year-old gentleman who had no significant co-morbidities other than a past history of bilateral neck irradiation for NPC 8 years before. He presented with left-sided limb weakness and subsequently left-sided limb involuntary movements whenever he sat up or stood. His symptoms did not respond to anti-epileptic therapy. Clinical and neurological examination was significant for a left pronator drift and weak left finger abduction. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed infarcts in the right periventricular and watershed areas; MR angiogram showed bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion. Single photon emission computed tomography showed reduced blood flow in the right frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, that reduced further after acetazolamide challenge. He was diagnosed as having LS-TIA secondary to carotid-occlusive disease. Attempts at endovascular opening the right internal carotid artery failed. Following successful left carotid angioplasty and stenting, his symptoms gradually resolved. The left internal carotid artery remained patent at the 3-month follow-up; the right side remained occluded. Our case supports the hypothesis that LS-TIAs are due to hemodynamic compromise and may respond to improved collateral cerebral blood flow.

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A case of cerebral infarction caused by occlusion of the left internal carotid artery following limb shaking of the right arm and leg that persisted for three weeks

Nosotchu ◽

10.3995/jstroke.33.246 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 246-250

Author(s):

Ichiro Deguchi ◽

Yoshihiko Nakazato ◽

Mikiko Ninomiya ◽

Toshimasa Yamamoto ◽

Naotoshi Tamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Cerebral Infarction ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Left Internal Carotid Artery ◽

The Right ◽

Limb Shaking

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Role of Extradural Clinoidectomy and Optic Unroofing in Resection of an Anterior Clinoidal Meningioma with Encasement of the Internal Carotid Artery and Its Branches

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B Skull Base ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1729996 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sima Sayyahmelli ◽

Zhaoliang Sun ◽

Emel Avci ◽

Mustafa K. Başkaya

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Skull Base ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Extent Of Resection ◽

World Health ◽

Who Grade ◽

The Right ◽

Supraclinoid Internal Carotid Artery

AbstractAnterior clinoidal meningiomas (ACMs) remain a major neurosurgical challenge. The skull base techniques, including extradural clinoidectomy and optic unroofing performed at the early stage of surgery, provide advantages for improving the extent of resection, and thereby enhancing overall outcome, and particularly visual function. Additionally, when the anterior clinoidal meningiomas encase neurovascular structures, particularly the supraclinoid internal carotid artery and its branches, this further increases morbidity and decreases the extent of resection. Although it might be possible to remove the tumor from the artery wall despite complete encasement or narrowing, the decision of whether the tumor can be safely separated from the arterial wall ultimately must be made intraoperatively.The patient is a 75-year-old woman with right-sided progressive vision loss. In the neurological examination, she only had light perception in the right eye without any visual acuity or peripheral loss in the left eye. MRI showed a homogeneously enhancing right-sided anterior clinoidal mass with encasing and narrowing of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA). Computed tomography (CT) angiography showed a mild narrowing of the right supraclinoid ICA with associated a 360-degree encasement. The decision was made to proceed using a pterional approach with extradural anterior clinoidectomy and optic unroofing. The surgery and postoperative course were uneventful. MRI confirmed gross total resection (Figs. 1 and 2). The histopathology was a meningothelial meningioma, World Health Organization (WHO) grade I. The patient continues to do well without any recurrence and has shown improved vision at 15-month follow-up.This video demonstrates important steps of the microsurgical skull base techniques for resection of these challenging tumors.The link to the video can be found at https://youtu.be/vt3o1c2o8Z0

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Cervical artery dissection—an easily neglected cause of stroke: a case report

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/s12883-020-02006-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ya -Hui Lian ◽

Xin Chen ◽

De- Rui Kong ◽

Wei Chen ◽

Ming-Chao Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Vascular Occlusion ◽

Artery Dissection ◽

High Signal ◽

Cervical Artery Dissection ◽

Cervical Artery ◽

The Right

Abstract Background In recent years, the incidence of stroke has gradually increased in young people. There are many reasons causing stroke, including atherosclerosis, artery embolization, and cervical artery dissection and so on. However, cervical artery dissection is a major cause of stroke in young people. We present a case of ischemic stroke caused by dissection, whose distal vascular occlusion due to detachment of the thrombosis in the right internal carotid artery. Case presentation A 33-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital because of stroke. Imaging examination showed that there was no visualization of the right middle cerebral artery and there were a large number of mural thrombus in the C1 segment of the right internal carotid artery. After emergency surgery, the patient had vascular recanalization and the symptoms were significantly improved. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a high signal in the C1 segment of the right internal carotid artery, the abnormal signal disappeared after antiplatelet therapy. Conclusions When a patient has symptoms of stroke, we need to explore the root cause of stroke. Especially in young people, cervical artery dissection is an important reason that can’t be ignored. Through review and analysis of this case, we hope to improve the understanding of radiologists and clinicians about the cervical artery dissection, reduce the rate of misdiagnosis, and improve patients’ prognosis.

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Intrasellar Intercarotid Communicating Artery Associated with Agenesis of the Right Internal Carotid Artery: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198812000-00019 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 770-773 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Masahiko Udzura ◽

Hiroo Kobayashi ◽

Yoshio Taguchi ◽

Hiroaki Sekino

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Anomalous Artery ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

The Right ◽

Relationship Of

Abstract A 54-year-old man with a right hemiparesis was found to have an intrasellar intercarotid communicating artery associated with agenesis of the right internal carotid artery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrated the spatial relationship of the anomalous artery to the surrounding structures, thus suggesting an embryonic enlargement of the capsular artery as a source of this anomalous artery.

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Absence of the right internal carotid artery found during autopsy of a severe burn case

Legal Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.legalmed.2007.01.009 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 270-273

Author(s):

Masakazu Hanagama ◽

Hiromasa Inoue ◽

Kotaro Shinone ◽

Masakatsu Tanaka ◽

Masayuki Nata

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Severe Burn ◽

The Right

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Endovascular plug for internal carotid artery occlusion in the management of a cavernous pseudoaneurysm with bifrontal subdural empyema: technical note

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2017.3.peds16370 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 239-246

Author(s):

Sunil Manjila ◽

Gagandeep Singh ◽

Obinna Ndubuizu ◽

Zoe Jones ◽

Daniel P. Hsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Sphenoid Sinus ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Balloon Catheter ◽

Arterial Injury ◽

Technical Note ◽

Subdural Empyema ◽

Artery Pseudoaneurysm ◽

The Right

The authors demonstrate the use of an endovascular plug in securing a carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in an emergent setting requiring craniotomy for a concurrent subdural empyema.They describe the case of a 14-year-old boy with sinusitis and bifrontal subdural empyema who underwent transsphenoidal exploration at an outside hospital. An injury to the right cavernous segment of the ICA caused torrential epistaxis. Bleeding was successfully controlled by inflating a Foley balloon catheter within the sphenoid sinus, and the patient was transferred to the authors’ institution. Emergent angiography showed a dissection of the right cavernous carotid artery, with a large pseudoaneurysm projecting into the sphenoid sinus at the site of arterial injury. The right internal carotid artery was obliterated using pushable coils distally and an endovascular plug proximally. The endovascular plug enabled the authors to successfully exclude the pseudoaneurysm from the circulation. The patient subsequently underwent an emergent bifrontal craniotomy for evacuation of a left frontotemporal subdural empyema and exenteration of both frontal sinuses. He made a complete neurological recovery.Endovascular large-vessel sacrifice, obviating the need for numerous coils and antiplatelet therapy, has a role in the setting of selected acute neurosurgical emergencies necessitating craniotomy. The endovascular plug is a useful adjunct in such circumstances as the device can be deployed rapidly, safely, and effectively.

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Abstract WMP40: Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Tortuosity as a Marker of Non-Atherosclerotic Aging: Results From the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS)

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wmp40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Farid Khasiyev ◽

Tatjana Rundek ◽

Chensy Marquez ◽

Clinton B. Wright ◽

Ralph Sacco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Genetic Disorders ◽

Matrix Remodeling ◽

Plaque Area ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

The Right ◽

Cervical Internal Carotid Artery

Background: Cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) tortuosity has been associated with vascular risk and stroke as well as genetic disorders related to abnormal extracellular matrix remodeling. It is plausible that dystrophic or aberrant arterial remodeling may therefore relate to cervical ICA tortuosity. We hypothesized that cervical ICA tortuosity relates to carotid dilatation, but not to traditional ultrasound (US) markers of atherosclerosis. Methods: Subjects of the NOMAS with available time-of-flight MRA were included in our study. Cervical ICA tortuosity was defined as a bend in the distal cervical ICA of > 90° as seen on MRA. We excluded subjects with < 5 cm of the cervical ICA visualized. Distensibility was calculated as the percentage excursion of the right CCA diastolic diameter during systole, which was assessed by high-resolution B-mode US of the right common carotid artery (CCA). We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to estimate odds ratios for the association of cervical ICA tortuosity and Doppler measures of carotid wall aging. Results: We visualized cervical ICA tortuosity in 468 NOMAS participants (mean age 64±8 years, 70% women, 70% Hispanic). It was present in 23% of subjects. In unadjusted models, cervical ICA tortuosity was more common in women (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.34-4.11), Hispanics (OR 1.85, 95%CI 1.06-3.25) and those with higher diastolic blood pressures (OR per mm Hg 1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1.06), and less common among smokers (OR 0.23, 95%CI 0.07-0.78). In models adjusted for demographic and vascular risks, right CCA tortuosity was associated with ipsilateral larger CCA DD (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.02-1.96) and borderline associated with lower distensibility (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.87-1.01, P=0.06) but not with ipsilateral ICA IMT (OR 0.26, 95%CI 0.14-4.77), number of plaques (OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.76-1.53), maximum plaque thickness (OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.73-1.27), or plaque area (1.00, 95%CI 0.97-1.05). Conclusions: Cervical ICA tortuosity associates with ipsilateral cervical ICA dilatation and lower distensibility, but not with traditional US markers of atherosclerosis. The association with diastolic blood pressure suggests a role of steady, rather than pulsatile, hemodynamics in aberrant cervical ICA remodeling.

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Abstract 1122‐000187: Acute Stroke, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, VZV vasculopathy, and Carotid Dissection: An Interesting Case

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology ◽

10.1161/svin.01.suppl_1.000187 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Hashaam Arshad ◽

Zhenhua Gui ◽

Dakota Owens ◽

Binod Wagle ◽

Charles Donohoe

Keyword(s):

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Lumbar Puncture ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Acute Encephalopathy ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Cerebral Angiogram ◽

Ct Angiogram ◽

The Right

Introduction : A 51‐year‐old lady with a past medical history of Essential Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, prior Herpes Zoster infection 8 weeks ago was admitted with complaints of abdominal pain, bilateral flank pain, and restlessness. Her initial workup was significant for hyponatremia and hypokalemia. On the 3rd day of admission, she developed acute hypoxemic respiratory failure which led to intubation. At that time, CTA Chest was not done but CT Chest revealed prominent mucous plugging with left side glass ground opacities, Ultrasound of lower extremities revealed right common femoral vein DVT which led to concerns that she may have suffered from Pulmonary Embolism and led to starting Heparin drip. On the 6th day of admission, she developed Acute Encephalopathy, MRI Brain revealed acute infarcts in bilateral cerebral cortices and cerebella, CT Angiogram Head showed acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in the high posterior right parietal lobe, stenosis of the right high cervical internal carotid artery, and irregular, the appearance of the arterial vasculature throughout and CT Angiogram Neck abrupt change in caliber of the right ICA, 1.5 cm distal to the bifurcation with markedly severe narrowing of the majority of the extracranial right ICA throughout its course. A cerebral Angiogram was done which showed diffuse tandem segments of tandem cervical and intracranial portions of the right internal carotid artery and she was given nitroglycerin was administered as a therapeutic intervention. Lumbar Puncture showed WBC 2, RBC 7, Protein 162, Glucose 64, VZV PCR was negative, CSF VZV IgG Antibody positive at 303 IV (>165 IV indicative of current or past infection). Serum VZV IgG Antibody was positive at >4000 IV. Infectious Diseases were consulted after Lumbar Puncture, they initially started Acyclovir but once the Serum VZV IgG Antibody came back much higher than Serum VZV IgG Antibody levels, their assessment was that VZV vasculitis is unlikely and Acyclovir was discontinued. Eventually, the case was discussed at Neuroradiology which led to us getting a repeat MRA Neck without contrast which showed a concentric T1 and T2 hyperintensity along with a small and irregular caliber right cervical ICA consistent with dissection. She eventually completed a 21‐day course of Nimodipine due to underlying Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Methods : NA Results : NA Conclusions : Our case demonstrates how it can become difficult to ascertain the etiology of stroke in certain patients. Our patient presented with multiple non‐specific symptoms initially and it was later on due to her Acute Encephalopathy that her Strokes and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage were discovered. It is still difficult to pinpoint whether the cause of strokes was dissection or VZV infection. Lumbar Puncture remains an essential tool to complete work up on uncommon etiologies of stroke.

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