Accurate Depth Prediction of Unconsolidated and Fractured Zones Using Acoustic Data

AbstractBased on impressionistic and acoustic data, Assamese is described as having a phonological tongue root harmony system, with blocking by certain phonological configurations and over-application in certain morphological contexts. This study explores physical properties of the patterns using ultrasonic imaging to determine whether the impressionistic descriptions match what speakers actually do. Principal components analysis (PCA) determines that most participants produce a contrast in tongue root position in the appropriate contexts, though there is less of an impact on tongue root with greater distance from the triggering vowel. Analysis uses the root mean squared distance (RMSD) calculation to determine whether both blocking and over-application take effect. The blocking results conform to the impressionistic descriptions. With over-application, [e] and [o] are expected; while some speakers clearly produce these vowels, others articulate a vowel that is indeterminant between the expected [e]/[o] and an unexpected [ɛ]/[ɔ]. No speaker consistently showed the expected tongue root position in all contexts, and some speakers appeared to have lost the contrast entirely, yet all are considered to be speakers of the same dialect of Assamese. Whether this (apparent) loss is a consequence of crude research methodologies or accurately reflects what is happening within the language community remains an open question.

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CiwGAN and fiwGAN: Encoding information in acoustic data to model lexical learning with Generative Adversarial Networks

Neural Networks ◽

10.1016/j.neunet.2021.03.017 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gašper Beguš

Keyword(s):

Generative Adversarial Networks ◽

Acoustic Data ◽

Adversarial Networks ◽

Lexical Learning

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Fireball characteristics derivable from acoustic data

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics ◽

10.1016/j.jastp.2021.105587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 216 ◽

pp. 105587

Author(s):

Luke McFadden ◽

Peter Brown ◽

Denis Vida ◽

Pavel Spurný

Keyword(s):

Acoustic Data

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Temporal Variability of Suspended-Solids Concentration in the Estuarine Channel of Patos Lagoon, Southern Brazil

Water ◽

10.3390/w13050646 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 646

Author(s):

Rafael André Ávila ◽

Priscila Mulattieri Suarez Orozco ◽

Mauro Michelena Andrade ◽

Osmar Olinto Möller

Keyword(s):

Temporal Variability ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Patos Lagoon ◽

Reliable Technique ◽

Acoustic Data ◽

Solids Concentration ◽

Estuarine Hydrodynamics ◽

Inflow Conditions

The assessment of suspended-solids dynamics is crucial for the effective monitoring of estuarine environments. As the recurring in-situ sampling is usually problematic, the calibration of the backscattering from acoustic Doppler profilers has shown to be a reliable technique to estimate the suspended-solids concentration (SSC) in estuaries and rivers. In this study, we obtained a linear model that provides SSC estimates for the estuarine channel of Patos Lagoon by calibrating turbidity and acoustic data with in-situ concentration samples. The model output was analyzed in terms of its relationship with estuarine hydrodynamics and temporal variability. In this estuary, the supply of suspended solids is known to be due the runoff from its main tributaries, but also through the exchanges between the estuary and the coastal ocean. Both sources provide sediments and organic solids which affect water quality, geomorphology, and harbor operations. Results show that SSC is strongly linked to estuarine hydrodynamics, where concentrations increase with streamflow. During outflow periods, higher concentrations are associated with river runoff, whereas with inflow conditions they are induced by southern and southwesterly winds. However, relationship between SSC and streamflow is asymmetrical, meaning that the largest concentrations are majorly linked to outflow currents and downstream transport.

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Research on Improving the Durability of Bridge Pavement Using a High-Modulus Asphalt Mixture

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14061449 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1449

Author(s):

Wenfeng Wang ◽

Shaochan Duan ◽

Haoran Zhu

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Mechanical Response ◽

Design Method ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Field Tests ◽

Bottom Layer ◽

High Modulus ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Depth Prediction ◽

Pavement Structure

In order to improve the durability of the asphalt pavement on a cement concrete bridge, this study investigated the effect of the modulus of the asphalt mixture at the bottom layer on the mechanical response of bridge pavement, along with a type of emerging bridge pavement structure. In addition, the design method and pavement performance of a high-modulus asphalt mixture were investigated using laboratory and field tests, and the life expectancy of the deck pavement structure was predicted based on the rutting deformation. The results showed that the application of a high-modulus asphalt mixture as the bottom asphalt layer decreased the stress level of the pavement structure. The new high-modulus asphalt mixture displayed excellent comprehensive performance, i.e., the dynamic stability reached 9632 times/mm and the fatigue life reached 1.65 million cycles. Based on the rutting depth prediction, using high-modulus mixtures for the bridge pavement prolonged the service life from the original 5 years to 10 years, which significantly enhanced the durability of the pavement structure. These research results could be of potential interest for practical applications in the construction industry.

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