Realabilities

2014 ◽  
pp. 253-273
Author(s):  
Nava R. Silton ◽  
Senada Arucevic ◽  
Rebecca Ruchlin ◽  
Vanessa Norkus
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Children's Television ◽  
Video Technology ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
Positive Expectancies ◽  
Cognitive Attitudes

This chapter explores Realabilities, a video-based children’s television program featuring unique characters, each with a distinct disability. Beyond utilizing video technology to directly teach cognitive and social-emotional skills to children with autism, Realabilities demonstrates how video can be used to foster positive behavioral intentions and cognitive attitudes towards children with autism and other disabilities. Realabilities also reveals how a video medium can promote a stop bullying platform, especially since children with disabilities are at least two to three times more victimized by bullying than their typical peers. One hundred and sixty-six students from schools in Manhattan, NY, and Baltimore, MD, showed more favorable behavioral intentions and cognitive attitudes towards hypothetical peers with disabilities following a three episode viewing of Realabilities. Finally, Realabilities not only showcases the realities of disabilities but shares the potential strengths that children with disabilities possess. This is particularly illuminating, since the Affect/Effort Theory suggests that children are more motivated to interact with others when they possess positive expectancies of their social interaction partners.

Realabilities

2016 ◽  
pp. 448-469
Author(s):  
Nava R. Silton ◽  
Senada Arucevic ◽  
Rebecca Ruchlin ◽  
Vanessa Norkus
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Children's Television ◽  
Video Technology ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
Positive Expectancies ◽  
Cognitive Attitudes

This chapter explores Realabilities, a video-based children's television program featuring unique characters, each with a distinct disability. Beyond utilizing video technology to directly teach cognitive and social-emotional skills to children with autism, Realabilities demonstrates how video can be used to foster positive behavioral intentions and cognitive attitudes towards children with autism and other disabilities. Realabilities also reveals how a video medium can promote a stop bullying platform, especially since children with disabilities are at least two to three times more victimized by bullying than their typical peers. One hundred and sixty-six students from schools in Manhattan, NY, and Baltimore, MD, showed more favorable behavioral intentions and cognitive attitudes towards hypothetical peers with disabilities following a three episode viewing of Realabilities. Finally, Realabilities not only showcases the realities of disabilities but shares the potential strengths that children with disabilities possess. This is particularly illuminating, since the Affect/Effort Theory suggests that children are more motivated to interact with others when they possess positive expectancies of their social interaction partners.

“What If Goodness Ruled the World?”

2018 ◽  
pp. 208-236
Author(s):  
Nava R. Silton ◽  
Patrick Riley
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Book Series ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Broadway Musical ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Cognitive Attitudes

This chapter describes how the Realabilities Comic Book Series and the Addy & Uno Off-Broadway Musical feature five characters with disabilities, who harness the special strengths-associated with their disabilities (Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Visual, Hearing and Physical Disability)-to save their school from bullies. The intent of the following five studies was to utilize pre-post-test designs to examine the efficacy of various iterations of a musical and/or a full comic book series curriculum in enhancing typical children's empathy, cognitive attitudes on the adjective checklist (ACL) and behavioral intentions on the shared activities questionnaire (SAQ) towards children with disabilities. Following the musical and/or comic book series curriculum, the participants showed significantly improved behavioral intentions and improved cognitive attitudes towards children with disabilities. These findings help demonstrate how creative programs like these may foster empathy and serve as a useful antidote to counter negative attitudes towards individuals with disabilities.

“What If Goodness Ruled the World?”

2021 ◽  
pp. 527-555
Author(s):  
Nava R. Silton ◽  
Patrick Riley
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Book Series ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Broadway Musical ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Cognitive Attitudes

This chapter describes how the Realabilities Comic Book Series and the Addy & Uno Off-Broadway Musical feature five characters with disabilities, who harness the special strengths-associated with their disabilities (Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Visual, Hearing and Physical Disability)-to save their school from bullies. The intent of the following five studies was to utilize pre-post-test designs to examine the efficacy of various iterations of a musical and/or a full comic book series curriculum in enhancing typical children's empathy, cognitive attitudes on the adjective checklist (ACL) and behavioral intentions on the shared activities questionnaire (SAQ) towards children with disabilities. Following the musical and/or comic book series curriculum, the participants showed significantly improved behavioral intentions and improved cognitive attitudes towards children with disabilities. These findings help demonstrate how creative programs like these may foster empathy and serve as a useful antidote to counter negative attitudes towards individuals with disabilities.

The Relationship between Stereotypic Behavior and Peer Social Interaction for Children with Severe Disabilities

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
SoHyun Lee ◽  
Samuel L. Odom
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Stereotypic Behavior ◽  
Social Initiations ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the collateral relationship between engagement in social interaction with peers and the occurrence of stereotypic behavior for two children with severe disabilities. Peers without disabilities were taught to make social initiations to two children with autism and other severe disabilities who engaged in high rates of stereotypic behavior. When the peers made social initiations and the children with disabilities increased their engagement in social interaction, collateral decreases occurred in their stereotypic behavior. Within an ABAB design, the functional relationship between these variables was demonstrated. Implications of these findings for designing interventions for promoting social integration and their possible effects on stereotypic behavior are noted.

scholarly journals Parent-mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inalegwu P. Oono ◽  
Emma J. Honey ◽  
Helen McConachie
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have impairments in the areas of communication and social interaction and often display repetitive or non-compliant behaviour. This early pattern of difficulties is a challenge for parents. Therefore, approaches that help parents develop strategies for interaction and management of behaviour are an obvious route for early intervention in ASD. This review updates a Cochrane review first published in 2002 but is based on a new protocol.

scholarly journals A combined prosodic and linguistic treatment approach for language-communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorders: A proof-of-concept study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Silva Kuschke ◽  
Bart Vinck ◽  
Salomé Geertsema
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Traditional Language ◽  
Pragmatic Skills ◽  
Pre Treatment

<p>This study aimed to determine whether the use of prosodically varied speech within a traditional language therapy framework had any effect on the listening skills, pragmatic skills and social interaction behaviour of three children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A single participant multiple baseline design across behaviours was implemented. Three participants with ASD were selected for this research. The listening skills, pragmatic skills and social interaction behaviour of the participants were compared before treatment, after a 3-week <br />period of treatment and after a 2-week withdrawal period from treatment, utilising prosodically varied speech within a traditional language therapy approach. Statistical significance was not calculated for each individual due to the limited data, but visual inspection indicated that all the participants showed positive behavioural changes in performance across all areas after 3 weeks of treatment, independent of their pre-treatment performance level. The use of <br />prosodically varied speech within a traditional language therapy framework appears to be a viable form of treatment for children with ASD.</p>

scholarly journals Thank You for the Music: Musical Activities as Therapy for Autistic Children

Elements ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasza Gawlick
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Positive Social Interaction ◽  
Carl Orff ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Musical Activities

Music therapy, developed over the years by numerous musicians and educators, such as Carl Orff, Jacques-Dalcroze, and Kodaly, have proven to stimulate social interaction, improve selective attention and aid in numerous other developmental milestones. These findings are not only important for parents and school curricula, but also have profound meaning for children with autism. Numerous studies, including work done by Koelsch, as well as Winsler, Ducenne, and Koury, found that children who participated in a music and movement program developed greater self-regulation skills, such as private speech, showed greater improvement in coordination, and fostered positive social interaction between researcher and subject. Autistic children who were exposed to music therapy held eye contact longer, engaged in dialogue, and reduced negative behaviors such as head-banging, avoidance, or self-stimulatory behaviors. Diverse methods of music therapy, including playing instruments, listening to sounds, and other musical activities, could greatly improve the social, emotional, and educational development of autistic children.

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