Exploring the Multicomponent Structure of Acceptance Attitudes in Portuguese Children Using the Modified Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes toward Children with Handicaps scale

<p style="text-align: justify;">Social participation represent one of the major outcomes of inclusive education. Students with additional support needs often encountered negative attitudes of social acceptance exhibited by their typically developing peers hindering their social participation in the educational context. This study explored the multicomponent structure of Portuguese children’s attitudes toward their peers with disabilities using a modified short form of the Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes toward Children with Handicaps scale (CATCH). In particular, this study aimed to (a) determine the factor structure of the CATCH and (b) evaluate the measurement invariance across age and gender. To identify the CATCH factor structure, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on data collected from 1,038 children aged 8–18 years. Analyses revealed that a modified short form of the CATCH consisting of a 20-item measure with a three-factor structure displayed acceptable fit and internal consistency indices. This model proved to be invariant across groups. The Portuguese-modified short form of the CATCH, in which cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions are represented, has acceptable psychometric properties and the potential to evaluate the effectiveness of educational programs designed to improve children’s attitudes.</p>

Socio-Economic Vulnerable Women and the Influence on Children Caring in Garut District

The research aimed to assess women's attitudes toward children from low and high socio-economic backgrounds. The study sample included 300 children, 143 women and 157 boys. This research used a quantitative method with a descriptive-analysis approach. Female children were given "General Information Forms" and "Scale of Family Life and Child-Raising Attitudes," The results were analyzed using the t-test approach and Analysis of Variance. After analyzing women's attitudes toward children by gender, it was discovered that there was no statistically meaningful difference (p > 0.05) at the end of the study. Women with a lower socio-economic background were found to be more protective, more resistant to women's positions, less fitting, and more stringent disciplinarians (p 0.001). It is well recognized that people with Overprotection Syndrome have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. When the relationship between women's behaviours was considered, it was discovered that there was only a clear relationship (p 0.05) between the aspects of women's strict control and other dimensions and a connection between all maternal sizes. The difference in mood is significant (p 0.001).

Assessment of Sesame Street online autism resources: Impacts on parental implicit and explicit attitudes toward children with autism

The current study sought to characterize implicit bias toward children with autism and examine whether viewing educational materials about autism would change attitudes toward children with autism. A website developed by Sesame Street containing information about autism and resources for families was distributed to parents of children with autism ( n = 473) and parents of children without autism ( n = 707). Pre- and post-test measures of implicit bias toward children with autism; explicit attitudes and knowledge about autism; and parenting confidence, strain, and stigma were completed before and after the website was presented. Results indicated that parents of children with autism showed less implicit bias compared with those of non-autistic children during the pre-test, but the groups did not differ at the post-test. Parents without autistic children and those with more negative explicit attitudes showed a greater reduction in implicit bias from the pre- to the post-test. In addition, for parents of children with autism, a more positive change in explicit attitudes and increased knowledge from the pre- to the post-test was associated with more empowerment at the post-test. Together, our findings suggest that the online educational resources can reduce implicit bias against children with autism and help mitigate some of the psychological issues associated with parenting children with autism.

Analisis Penerimaan Orang Tua Terhadap Anak Autis di Kecamatan Kelapa Lima Kota Kupang

Children who are born with a perfect condition in the sense of healthy and normal are expected by all parents. In reality, not all children are born with this condition, so that not a few parents who are shy, lack of confidence and unable to accept the situation of less normal children. One example is a child who has autism. The purpose of this study was to determine how parents' attitudes toward children with autism. Qualitative methods used in this study with data collection techniques are interviews and observation. The results of the study found that parents can accept children diagnosed with autism with a different time period from one another. This can be seen from how the subject understands the child's condition as it is good, positive, negative, strengths and weaknesses of the child and understands children's habits in their daily life such as realizing what children can and cannot do, understanding the causes of bad and good behavior done by children. Anak yang terlahir dengan keadaan sempurna dalam artian sehat dan normal sangat diharapkan oleh semua orang tua. Kenyataannya, tidak semua anak terlahir dengan kondisi demikian, sehingga tidak sedikit orang tua yang malu, kurang percaya diri dan tidak dapat menerima keadaan anak yang kurang normal. Misalnya anak yang mengidap autisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sikap penerimaan orang tua terhadap anak penyandang autis. Metode kualitatif dipakai dalam penelitian ini dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian didapati bahwa orangtua dapat menerima anak yang didiagnosa menyandang autis dengan jangka waktu yang berbeda satu dengan yang lainnya. Pasangan orang tua yang lengkap (suami istri) berbeda dengan orang tua single parent dalam proses penerimaan anak autis. Hal ini terlihat dari bagaimana subjek memahami kondisi anak apa adanya baik itu tingkah laku positif, negatif, kelemahan dan kelebihan yang anak miliki, serta memahami kebiasaan-kebiasaan anak dalam kesehariannya. Seperti menyadari apa yang telah dapatdan yang belum dilakukan oleh anak dan memahami munculnya perilaku anak yang baik dan buruk.

The impact of parental attitudes toward children with primary headaches

There is a lack of data on parental attitudes toward children with primary headaches. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between primary headaches and parental attitudes in the pre-adolescent pediatric population. In this cross-sectional study, 195 children with primary headache and 43 healthy children aged 9–16 years were included. A questionnaire for sociodemographic variables, visual analog scale (VAS), Social Anxiety Scale and Depression Inventory for Adolescents and Children, and Parental Attitudes Determining Scale (PATS), which is an attitude measure specifically designed to evaluate psychological adjustment, were administered. Of 195 children (female/male ratio: 89/106, mean age: 12.59 ± 1.09 years), episodic migraine ( n = 90), chronic migraine ( n = 25), and tension-type headache ( n = 80) were evaluated. There was no significant difference among headache groups and healthy subjects in terms of depression, anxiety, and fathers’ attitude scale scores. However, there were significant differences in mean mothers’ attitude scale scores and VAS scores ( p = .002, p = .000). Mean oppressive-authoritarian attitude subscale scores of mothers’ was significantly higher in children with chronic migraine ( p = .000). A relationship between depression and VAS scores among all patient groups was detected ( p = .000). Parental age was negatively related to PATS scores of children with episodic migraine and tension-type headache ( p = .037 and p = .036). Parental attitudes may elevate psychiatric symptoms and influence children’s perception of pain intensity and result in chronification of headache. Our findings support that mothers’ attitude toward children with chronic migraine has strong impacts on the child’s pain experience.