Geospatial Digital Rights Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 291-307
Author(s):  
Titus M. Ng'ang'a ◽  
Peter M. Wachira ◽  
Tim J. L. Wango ◽  
Joseph M. Ndung'u ◽  
Margaret N. Ndungo
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures

This Chapter introduces the need for general Digital Rights Management (DRM) requirements. Further, it intertwines DRM with its spatial counterpart, Geospatial DRM (GeoDRM). However, unlike DRM, GeoDRM is far much complicated due to issues such as the development of Web Mapping technology among other issues. The Chapter discusses the ability of GeoDRM to mitigate transgression of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Highlighting economical and environmental wellbeing and other benefits of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) geared towards global sustainable developments, the Chapter focuses on challenges of National Spatial Data Infrastructures (NSDIs) and Regional SDIs and the need to harmonize their standards for the upward mobility of global SDI (GSDI). Emphasizing the undisputed need for Local, Regional and Global Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), in the presence of various Geo-communities and different GeoDRM models, the Chapter concludes that capacity building need to be urgently but carefully harnessed across all levels in order to develop cohesive GeoDRM policies.

Geospatial Digital Rights Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Titus M. Ng'ang'a ◽  
Peter M. Wachira ◽  
Tim J. L. Wango ◽  
Joseph M. Ndung'u ◽  
Margaret N. Ndungo
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures

This Chapter introduces the need for general Digital Rights Management (DRM) requirements. Further, it intertwines DRM with its spatial counterpart, Geospatial DRM (GeoDRM). However, unlike DRM, GeoDRM is far much complicated due to issues such as the development of Web Mapping technology among other issues. The Chapter discusses the ability of GeoDRM to mitigate transgression of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Highlighting economical and environmental wellbeing and other benefits of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) geared towards global sustainable developments, the Chapter focuses on challenges of National Spatial Data Infrastructures (NSDIs) and Regional SDIs and the need to harmonize their standards for the upward mobility of global SDI (GSDI). Emphasizing the undisputed need for Local, Regional and Global Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), in the presence of various Geo-communities and different GeoDRM models, the Chapter concludes that capacity building need to be urgently but carefully harnessed across all levels in order to develop cohesive GeoDRM policies.

scholarly journals A Decentralized Model for Spatial Data Digital Rights Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Zhi Tang ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Yue Ding ◽  
Hao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
File System ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Rights Management

The copyright of data is a key point that needs to be solved in spatial data infrastructure for data sharing. In this paper, we propose a decentralized digital rights management model of spatial data, which can provide a novel way of solving the existing copyright management problem or other problems in spatial data infrastructure for data sharing. An Ethereum smart contract is used in this model to realize spatial data digital rights management function. The InterPlanetary File System is utilized as external data storage for storing spatial data in the decentralized file system to avoid data destruction that is caused by a single point of failure. There is no central server in the model architecture, which has a completely decentralized nature and it makes spatial data rights management not dependent on third-party trust institutions. We designed three spatial data copyright management algorithms, developed a prototype system to implement and test the model, used the smart contract security verification tool to check code vulnerabilities, and, finally, discussed the usability, scalability, efficiency, performance, and security of the proposed model. The result indicates that the proposed model not only has diversified functions of copyright management compared with previous studies on the blockchain-based digital rights management, but it can also solve the existing problems in traditional spatial data infrastructure for data sharing due to its characteristics of complete decentralization, mass orientation, immediacy, and high security.

Digital Rights Management

2010 ◽  
pp. 2026-2045
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kostopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Digital Transactions ◽  
Tools And Methods

This chapter highlights the need for using copyright protection tools in our digital transactions. The main tools of copyright protection, such as cryptography, data hiding, and watermarking, along with the security framework where these tools can be used is also presented. However, all these tools and methods can be used only inside a specific technological and legal framework. This gap between technology and traditional human activities is bridged by developing the Digital Rights Management systems which is presented as a necessary mechanism to provide integrated e-services over the Internet. The legal framework and the current activities of organizations as WIPO (World Intellectual Property Rights Organization) is also provided in this chapter with the existing DRM technologies and the future research directions in this field

scholarly journals Geospatial IoT—The Need for Event-Driven Architectures in Contemporary Spatial Data Infrastructures

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthes Rieke ◽  
Lorenzo Bigagli ◽  
Stefan Herle ◽  
Simon Jirka ◽  
Alexander Kotsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures ◽  
Time Critical ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

The nature of contemporary spatial data infrastructures lies in the provision of geospatial information in an on-demand fashion. Although recent applications identified the need to react to real-time information in a time-critical way, research efforts in the field of geospatial Internet of Things in particular have identified substantial gaps in this context, ranging from a lack of standardisation for event-based architectures to the meaningful handling of real-time information as “events”. This manuscript presents work in the field of event-driven architectures as part of spatial data infrastructures with a particular focus on sensor networks and the devices capturing in-situ measurements. The current landscape of spatial data infrastructures is outlined and used as the basis for identifying existing gaps that retain certain geospatial applications from using real-time information. We present a selection of approaches—developed in different research projects—to overcome these gaps. Being designed for specific application domains, these approaches share commonalities as well as orthogonal solutions and can build the foundation of an overall event-driven spatial data infrastructure.

scholarly journals Development of project-oriented spatial data infrastructure using cloud technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
S. A. Yamashkin ◽  
A. A. Yamashkin ◽  
S. A. Fedosin
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures ◽  
Cloud Technologies

The article includes the issues of design, development and introduction of project-oriented spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) that build the information space to solve pressing challenges in economy, ecology, social services, in the field of preparation of pre-investment, urban planning, pre-project, project documentation, and natural disaster forecasting.It also provides an overview of a historical development of spatial data infrastructures in Russia and in the world. Based on an analysis of a historical landscape within the challenging area, authors have identified the following system components of SDIs: users and professionals, data, technologies, standards, regulatory frameworks, and institutional procedures. There is a proposed platform solution architecture to build SDI, summarized in a form of a structure-component scheme. It rests upon the hypothesis that in order to optimize spatial data storage and application-related processes, the project-oriented SDI needs to include loosely bound and closely bound subsystems for spatial data storage (cloud or local storages), analysis and synthesis modules, as well as modules for visualization and distribution of spatial data (as geoportal systems).

scholarly journals GeoSpatial IoT - the Need for an Event-Driven Spatial Data Infrastructure

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthes Rieke ◽  
Lorenzo Bigagli ◽  
Stefan Herle ◽  
Simon Jirka ◽  
Alexander Kotsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

The nature of contemporary Spatial Data Infrastructures lies in the provision of geospatial information in an on-demand fashion. Though recent applications identified the need to react to real-time information in a time-critical way. In particular, research efforts in the field of geospatial Internet of Things have identified substantial gaps in this context, ranging from a lack of standardization for event-based architectures to the meaningful handling of real-time information as ''events''. This manuscript presents work in the field of Event-driven Spatial Data Infrastructures with a particular focus on sensor networks and the devices capturing in-situ measurements. The current landscape of Spatial Data Infrastructures is outlined and used as the basis for identifying existing gaps that retain certain geospatial applications from using real-time information. We present a selection of approaches - developed in different research projects - to overcome these gaps. Being designed for specific application domains, these approaches share commonalities as well as orthogonal solutions and can build the foundation of an overall Event-driven Spatial Data Infrastructure.

scholarly journals A Review of the Status of Spatial Data Infrastructure Implementation in Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prestige Makanga ◽  
Julian Smit
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
South West ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures ◽  
Data Collections

Spatial data is a key resource for the development of a nation. There is a lot of economic potential that is locked away in spatial data collections and this potential is realised by making the data widely available. Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) provide a platform for spatial data users, producers and those that manage it, to distribute the data more efficiently. Governments all over the world are realising the value of National Spatial Data Infrastructures (NSDI), and therefore making major investments to establish them. However, in Africa, implementation of formal NSDI is being done at a seemingly slow pace. This paper presents an assessment of the status of NSDI activity in Africa. 29 countries were used in the survey and an assessment was made per region (South, West, East, North and Central Africa). The results show that generally, formal NSDI activity in most African countries is still in its infancy. The paper also gives recommendations of possible measures that can be taken to foster SDI implementation on the continent. In addition, it highlights potential areas for further SDI research.

scholarly journals Enhancing discovery in spatial data infrastructures using a search engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Corti ◽  
Athanasios Tom Kralidis ◽  
Benjamin Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Text Search ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Open Geospatial Consortium ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures

A spatial data infrastructure (SDI) is a framework of geospatial data, metadata, users and tools intended to provide an efficient and flexible way to use spatial information. One of the key software components of an SDI is the catalogue service which is needed to discover, query and manage the metadata. Catalogue services in an SDI are typically based on the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW) standard which defines common interfaces for accessing the metadata information. A search engine is a software system capable of supporting fast and reliable search, which may use ‘any means necessary’ to get users to the resources they need quickly and efficiently. These techniques may include full text search, natural language processing, weighted results, fuzzy tolerance results, faceting, hit highlighting, recommendations and many others. In this paper we present an example of a search engine being added to an SDI to improve search against large collections of geospatial datasets. The Centre for Geographic Analysis (CGA) at Harvard University re-engineered the search component of its public domain SDI (Harvard WorldMap) which is based on the GeoNode platform. A search engine was added to the SDI stack to enhance the CSW catalogue discovery abilities. It is now possible to discover spatial datasets from metadata by using the standard search operations of the catalogue and to take advantage of the new abilities of the search engine, to return relevant and reliable content to SDI users.

Digital Rights Management and E-Commerce Transactions

2009 ◽  
pp. 214-242
Author(s):  
Dimitrios P. Meidanis
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Rights Management

This chapter investigates intellectual property rights clearance of as part of e-commerce. Rights clearance is viewed as another online transaction that introduces certain technological and organizational challenges. An overview of the current intellectual property rights legislation is used to describe the setting in which business models and digital rights management systems are called to perform safe and fair electronic trade of goods. The chapter focuses on the technological aspects of the arising issues and investigates the potentials of using advanced information technology solutions for facilitating online rights clearance. A case study that presents a working online rights clearance and protection system is used to validate the applicability of the proposed approaches.

Digital Rights Management

2009 ◽  
pp. 32-54
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kostopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Digital Transactions ◽  
Tools And Methods

This chapter highlights the need for using copyright protection tools in our digital transactions. The main tools of copyright protection, such as cryptography, data hiding, and watermarking, along with the security framework where these tools can be used is also presented. However, all these tools and methods can be used only inside a specific technological and legal framework. This gap between technology and traditional human activities is bridged by developing the Digital Rights Management systems which is presented as a necessary mechanism to provide integrated e-services over the Internet. The legal framework and the current activities of organizations as WIPO (World Intellectual Property Rights Organization) is also provided in this chapter with the existing DRM technologies and the future research directions in this field

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