scholarly journals A Decentralized Model for Spatial Data Digital Rights Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Zhi Tang ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Yue Ding ◽  
Hao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
File System ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Rights Management

The copyright of data is a key point that needs to be solved in spatial data infrastructure for data sharing. In this paper, we propose a decentralized digital rights management model of spatial data, which can provide a novel way of solving the existing copyright management problem or other problems in spatial data infrastructure for data sharing. An Ethereum smart contract is used in this model to realize spatial data digital rights management function. The InterPlanetary File System is utilized as external data storage for storing spatial data in the decentralized file system to avoid data destruction that is caused by a single point of failure. There is no central server in the model architecture, which has a completely decentralized nature and it makes spatial data rights management not dependent on third-party trust institutions. We designed three spatial data copyright management algorithms, developed a prototype system to implement and test the model, used the smart contract security verification tool to check code vulnerabilities, and, finally, discussed the usability, scalability, efficiency, performance, and security of the proposed model. The result indicates that the proposed model not only has diversified functions of copyright management compared with previous studies on the blockchain-based digital rights management, but it can also solve the existing problems in traditional spatial data infrastructure for data sharing due to its characteristics of complete decentralization, mass orientation, immediacy, and high security.

Geospatial Digital Rights Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Titus M. Ng'ang'a ◽  
Peter M. Wachira ◽  
Tim J. L. Wango ◽  
Joseph M. Ndung'u ◽  
Margaret N. Ndungo
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures

This Chapter introduces the need for general Digital Rights Management (DRM) requirements. Further, it intertwines DRM with its spatial counterpart, Geospatial DRM (GeoDRM). However, unlike DRM, GeoDRM is far much complicated due to issues such as the development of Web Mapping technology among other issues. The Chapter discusses the ability of GeoDRM to mitigate transgression of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Highlighting economical and environmental wellbeing and other benefits of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) geared towards global sustainable developments, the Chapter focuses on challenges of National Spatial Data Infrastructures (NSDIs) and Regional SDIs and the need to harmonize their standards for the upward mobility of global SDI (GSDI). Emphasizing the undisputed need for Local, Regional and Global Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), in the presence of various Geo-communities and different GeoDRM models, the Chapter concludes that capacity building need to be urgently but carefully harnessed across all levels in order to develop cohesive GeoDRM policies.

Geospatial Digital Rights Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 291-307
Author(s):  
Titus M. Ng'ang'a ◽  
Peter M. Wachira ◽  
Tim J. L. Wango ◽  
Joseph M. Ndung'u ◽  
Margaret N. Ndungo
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Data Infrastructures ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructures

This Chapter introduces the need for general Digital Rights Management (DRM) requirements. Further, it intertwines DRM with its spatial counterpart, Geospatial DRM (GeoDRM). However, unlike DRM, GeoDRM is far much complicated due to issues such as the development of Web Mapping technology among other issues. The Chapter discusses the ability of GeoDRM to mitigate transgression of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Highlighting economical and environmental wellbeing and other benefits of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) geared towards global sustainable developments, the Chapter focuses on challenges of National Spatial Data Infrastructures (NSDIs) and Regional SDIs and the need to harmonize their standards for the upward mobility of global SDI (GSDI). Emphasizing the undisputed need for Local, Regional and Global Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), in the presence of various Geo-communities and different GeoDRM models, the Chapter concludes that capacity building need to be urgently but carefully harnessed across all levels in order to develop cohesive GeoDRM policies.

scholarly journals Y-DWMS: A Digital Watermark Management System Based on Smart Contracts

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Liming Fang ◽  
Hanyi Zhang ◽  
Chunpeng Ge ◽  
Weizhi Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Digital Watermark ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
The Cost

With the development of information technology, films, music, and other publications are inclined to be distributed in digitalized form. However, the low cost of data replication and dissemination leads to digital rights problems and brings huge economic losses. Up to now, existing digital rights management (DRM) schemes have been powerless to deter attempts of infringing digital rights and recover losses of copyright holders. This paper presents a YODA-based digital watermark management system (Y-DWMS), adopting non-repudiation of smart contract and blockchain, to implement a DRM mechanism to infinitely amplify the cost of infringement and recover losses copyright holders suffered once the infringement is reported. We adopt game analysis to prove that in Y-DWMS, the decision of non-infringement always dominates rational users, so as to fundamentally eradicate the infringement of digital rights, which current mainstream DRM schemes cannot reach.

scholarly journals DETERMINANT FACTORS OF SPATIAL DATA SHARING OF LOCAL SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDONESIA

GEOMATIKA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bau Asseng ◽  
Zulkarnain Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mohamad Nor Said
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Determinant Factors

<p>This study is based on the phenomenon of the weakness of local government’s response to the national program of Spatial Data Infrastructure for the effective spatial data sharing in Indonesia. This study is investigation of determinant factors of spatial data sharing for local Spatial Data Infrastructure in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to describe the spatial data-sharing model of Local SDI in Indonesia. It was conducted in West Java Province, Bogor Regency, and Bogor City. Sequential exploratory design method consisting of interview and questionnaire were used in this research. An in-depth interview was used to get a response from 10 participants among IT or GIS staff and head of the department. A total of 75 respondents were involved in questionnaire survey. Content’s analysis was used to measure interview data while Partial Least Square analysis was used to measure questionnaire data. The fit items were chosen after validity and reliability measurement in the structural model analysis using Smart PLS. Hypothesis measurement found that Data sharing practice was significantly affected by the Organization and Technology aspect, but Data sharing practice was less significantly affected by Human Resource and Spatial Data. All R-Square value shows that the value is more than 50% on Technology aspect, Human Resource aspect, Spatial Data aspect, while the R-Square value on Data Sharing practice is 47.3%. Because the Human resource and Spatial data have the less significant effect on spatial data sharing, this research proposed awareness program and mentoring by National government to promote spatial data sharing support at the local SDI.</p><p>Keywords: spatial data sharing, determinant factors, Partial Least Square (PLS)</p>

scholarly journals NATIONAL SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE (NSDI) OF BANGLADESH – DEVELOPMENT, PROGRESS AND WAY FORWARD

2020 ◽  
Vol V-4-2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Metadata Standard ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Platform Development

Abstract. National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) refers to a framework of policies, institutional arrangements, technologies, data, and people that enables the sharing and effective usage of geographic information. This paper aims to present the development and current progress of NSDI in Bangladesh. In preparing this paper, we have reviewed several papers, documents and articles related to NSDI development in Bangladesh. We have also explored different spatial data sharing platforms of related agencies and departments. This study finds that, in last decade, there is substantial increase in the production and use of geospatial data in Bangladesh. However, due to the absence of planning and centralized spatial data infrastructure (SDI) system, there are duplication of efforts among different organizations in respect of spatial data production leading to wastage of time and financial resources. There is also problem of maintaining same metadata standard among different organisations creating difficulties in building and sharing spatial data. Against this background, in 2016, Bangladesh government has decided to develop NSDI. As there are some organizations already have developed geoportal so it is decided that existing platform will be used as NSDI initially. Based on this decision GeoDASH platform is being used at present. However, there are many challenges and much to develop the platform. Development of NSDI in Bangladesh is still under process and there are some challenges also. Overcoming the problems and challenges, full-fledged development and operation of NSDI is expected to support the achievement of SDGs in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Challenges in sharing of geospatial data by data custodians in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sissiel E. Kay
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Custodian

As most development planning and rendering of public services happens at a place or in a space, geospatial data is required. This geospatial data is best managed through a spatial data infrastructure, which has as a key objective to share geospatial data. The collection and maintenance of geospatial data is expensive and time consuming and so the principle of “collect once &amp;ndash; use many times” should apply. It is best to obtain the geospatial data from the authoritative source &amp;ndash; the appointed data custodian. In South Africa the South African Spatial Data Infrastructure (SASDI) is the means to achieve the requirement for geospatial data sharing. This requires geospatial data sharing to take place between the data custodian and the user. All data custodians are expected to comply with the Spatial Data Infrastructure Act (SDI Act) in terms of geo-spatial data sharing. Currently data custodians are experiencing challenges with regard to the sharing of geospatial data.<br> This research is based on the current ten data themes selected by the Committee for Spatial Information and the organisations identified as the data custodians for these ten data themes. The objectives are to determine whether the identified data custodians comply with the SDI Act with respect to geospatial data sharing, and if not what are the reasons for this. Through an international comparative assessment it then determines if the compliance with the SDI Act is not too onerous on the data custodians.<br> The research concludes that there are challenges with geospatial data sharing in South Africa and that the data custodians only partially comply with the SDI Act in terms of geospatial data sharing. However, it is shown that the South African legislation is not too onerous on the data custodians.

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