Informal Education of Energy Conservation

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang-Kun Chen ◽  
Yih-Ruey Juang ◽  
Sheng-Hua Chang ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Energy Education ◽  
School Based ◽  
Different Types

Since there is about seventy percent of population in Taiwan acquiring knowledge of energy conservation through informal education, the non-school based energy education is growing more important. In this paper a brief survey of informal education of energy conservation in Taiwan is conducted. First of all, a variety of instructional scenarios available for informal education are reviewed, including museums, communities, and many others. Secondly, the strategies to promote informal education, such as TV ads, print media advertising, network communication, speaking tour, leaflet distribution, workshop, demonstrations, eco-tour, community colleges, and prize events, are discussed based on cost-benefit analysis. Furthermore, the influence of each strategy on the population’s knowledge of energy conservation is estimated statistically. The effectiveness of different types of informal education is compared based on their economic cost, learning outcome, and acceptance rate. As a conclusion, a suggestion to improve the energy education policy is proposed. This study has been devoted to finding the curriculum theories and strategies applicable in designing curriculum for informal education, and to providing a theoretical basis on which environmental protection education curriculum can be developed.

Economic cost benefit analysis of climate change adaptation for infrastructure

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
Michael Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Lessons Learnt

This paper explores the lessons learnt from the Optimising Adaptation Investment projects for the Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency–it includes coastal settlements, water supply and rail infrastructure case studies. These projects are the first of their kind in Australia and are considered internationally as a leading example of economic cost benefit analysis. They have been used effectively to inform decision making on specific adaptation responses to climate change risks to existing and new infrastructure. The lessons learnt will be explored for offshore platforms, ports, rail, road, drainage, tailings dams, mine facilities, water, and power supply, which includes the following elements: What decision makers require to make informed decisions under the uncertainty of climate change impacts. Reducing the uncertainty through economic modelling and cost benefit analysis. Optimising the right timing and scale of various adaptation options. Benefiting from oil and gas infrastructure adaptation opportunities. To further support the elements above, the applied process for integrating climate adaptation into infrastructure planning, design and operation will be illustrated by AECOM project experiences. AECOM has completed more than 60 significant climate change risk and adaptation projects for mines, ports, water supply and treatment, energy generation, transmission and distribution, rail, road, and coastal settlements in Australia, including the report: Climate Change Impacts to Infrastructure in Australia for the Garnaut Climate Change Review.

Economic cost–benefit analysis of the addictive digital game industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 638-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong J. Cho ◽  
Hyung T. Kim ◽  
Jaywon Lee ◽  
Sang H. Park
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Digital Game ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Game Industry

scholarly journals AN APPROACH FOR THE MULTI-CRITERIA DERIVATION OF LIGHTWEIGHT POTENTIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 977-986
Author(s):  
F. Laufer ◽  
D. Roth ◽  
H. Binz
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Different Types

AbstractLightweight potential is a powerful indicator – but not as powerful as it could be. Current methods for analyzing a product's potential to be reduced in mass only deal with a few of the most important criteria for lightweight design. This paper presents an approach transferring cost-benefit analysis to the holistic derivation of lightweight potential. The approach is able to deal with different types of criteria supporting the designer in indentifying the most promising components for mass reduction. An evaluation example is given showcasing a tooling machine.

Economic cost-benefit analysis for power system operations with environmental considerations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J. Lamadrid ◽  
Daniel L. Shawhan ◽  
Carlos E. Murillo-Sanchez ◽  
Ray D. Zimmerman ◽  
Yujia Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Power System Operations ◽  
Environmental Considerations

scholarly journals VoIP Security: A Performance and Cost-benefit Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Levi Perigo, Rahil Gandotra, Dewang Gedia, Moiz Hussain, Praniti Gupta, Shirin Bano, Vineet Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Voice Over Ip ◽  
Data Networks ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mixed Networks ◽  
Ipv6 Networks

Voice over IP (VoIP) has become the standard technology for telephony and has replaced the old Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). This research focuses on the security aspect of VoIP systems. Unsecured VoIP systems are vulnerable to malicious attacks. However, the overhead of the security techniques hampers the performance of VoIP systems. This research analyzes how a VoIP system performs with different security techniques. The performance of the VoIP system is analyzed on different types of data networks such as IPv4, IPv6, and IPv4/IPv6 mixed networks, and in scenarios such as with and without network traffic. Additionally, the research includes a cost-benefit analysis of the security techniques, to determine their cost effectiveness. Based on the performance analysis and cost-benefit analysis, this research proposes three security techniques that can be applied to VoIP systems deployed on IPv4, IPv6, and IPv4/IPv6 networks.

Children’s Cost-Benefit Assessment of Lies Across Three Cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Xinran Guo ◽  
Philippe Rochat
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Benefit Assessment ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Child Friendly

We examined 4- to 11-year-old children’s evaluation of six types of lies arranged along a cost-benefit assessment model factoring both the lie-teller and the lie recipient. Children were from three distinct cultural environments: rural Samoa (n = 99), urban China (n = 49), and urban U.S. (n = 109). Following the simple script of six different stories involving a lie-teller and a lie recipient, children were asked to evaluate the character who lied and whether it deserved reward or punishment using a child-friendly Likert scale. From the time children produce both anti- and prosocial lies, our results show that their evaluation of lies rests on a cost-benefit analysis of both the lie-teller and the lie recipient. Such analysis varies depending on age, type of lie, and the child’s cultural environment. In general, Samoan children tended to rate lies more negatively, and they were less differential in their evaluation of the different types of lies compared to both Chinese and U.S. children. We interpret these results as reflecting the differences across cultures in explicit moral teaching and children’s relative experience in resource allocation.

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