Recent Advances in Gravelly Soils Liquefaction Evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 1443-1446
Author(s):  
Long Qing Hou ◽  
Ai Fei Li ◽  
Hong Mei Xu ◽  
Chun Feng He ◽  
Peng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Moderate Density ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Triaxial Apparatus ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Gravelly Soils

Many gravelly soils liquefied cases history especially in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake warn that loose to moderate density of gravels have much potential to liquefy under a given earthquake shaking. The large diameter triaxial apparatus is a relative feasible means to explore the liquefaction mechanism of gravelly soils to some extent. Becker penetration test (BPT) could be droved hrough gravelly soils layer, but BPT was not directly correlated with field behavior. Because of a wider range of grain sizes than those reported from previous earthquakes, gravels characteristics liquefied in the Wenchuan earthquake are representative and universal. The gravels liquefaction evaluation method developed from the Wenchuan earthquake should be feasible for worldwide use. The recent and ongoing developments in gravels liquefaction was highlighted

Dynamic Penetration Tests (DPT) at Gravelly Soils Liquefaction Sites

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhong Cao ◽  
Xue Yan Xu ◽  
Xiao Ming Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The World ◽  
Gravelly Soils ◽  
Dynamic Penetration ◽  
Penetration Tests

The Chinese Dynamic Penetration Test (DPT) was used following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to measure penetration resistances of gravels that liquefied and nearby gravels that did not. The test has many advantages, including simplicity, continuous data acquisition, and robust equipment that is easily transported by light vehicles and low cost. A probability formula, developed from logistic procedures, was proposed using the 47 compiled DPT data. The DPT could be a viable test for measurement of penetration resistance of gravels in other parts of the world beyond China.

Characteristics and Triggering Conditions for Naturally Deposited Gravelly Soils that Liquefied following the 2008 Wenchuan Mw 7.9 Earthquake, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longwei Chen ◽  
Xiaoming Yuan ◽  
Zhenzhong Cao ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Weiming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Chengdu Plain ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities ◽  
Gravelly Soils ◽  
Triggering Conditions ◽  
Liquefied Soils ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, earthquake caused naturally deposited ravelly soils to liquefy over a wide area. Although liquefaction of gravely soils is recognized by the geotechnical profession, observations of liquefaction and nonlique-faction case histories within the literature are few. Through several years of systematic study following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Mw 7.9), 92 locations of gravel liquefaction were identified, described, and mapped. These locations lie within an approximately 3,000 km2 area of the Chengdu Plain. Peak ground accelerations estimated at the sites range from 0.15 g to 0.49 g. Taken collectively, these studies reveal the necessary conditions for liquefaction triggering in gravelly materials. Grain size analyses indicates that the ejecta was much finer than the gravels that liquefied. Gravel contents of liquefied soils ranged from 5% to more than 85%. The liquefied gravelly soils were loose, but their measured shear wave velocities range from 133 m/s to 267 m/s, with corrected values ranging from 154 m/s to 31 4m/s. The unique depositional conditions under Chengdu Plain provide favorable conditions for extensive liquefaction of gravelly soils. The shallow soil profiles consist of a 0.5 m to 5.5 m impermeable soil (i.e., the capping layer) overlying gravels ranging in thickness from a few meters to hundreds of meters.

Liquefaction case studies of gravelly soils during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 105691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Guo Zhou ◽  
Peng Xia ◽  
Dao-Sheng Ling ◽  
Yun-Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Gravelly Soils

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution of Earthquakes in Longmenshan Fault and Adjacent Area, before and after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gang Fan ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Shunchao Qi ◽  
Gongda Lu ◽  
Xingguo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Seismogenic Zone ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Longmenshan Fault ◽  
International Seismological Centre

Seismicity sequence following a main earthquake usually contains much meaningful information for unveiling the focal mechanism and predicting the reoccurrence interval of large earthquakes. The spatiotemporal evolution of earthquakes before and after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Ms 8.0) is analysed comprehensively in this study. The frequency-magnitude relation of the 3493 earthquake events retrieved from the database of the International Seismological Centre indicates that the adopted catalogue is complete for magnitudes ≥Ms 3.4. The seismicity during the 10 years before the Wenchuan earthquake remained stable, including the magnitudes and focal depths. However, seismicity attenuated sharply in the year following the Wenchuan earthquake, and the magnitude of earthquakes before the Wenchuan earthquake decreased gradually. The area of the seismogenic zone of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was smaller than the earthquake stricken area. The earthquakes that occurred in the Longmenshan fault area and adjacent area in the study period were mainly shallow earthquakes. The focal depths of earthquakes in the study area became stable gradually after the Wenchuan earthquake, mainly within the range from 10 to 16 km. The earthquakes in the study area were mainly distributed with an along-dip distance of 0–20 km, and the seismicity was distributed uniformly along the fault strike.

The Damage in Arch Bridges during 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 1597-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Huang ◽  
Jun Jie Wang ◽  
Xi Yu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Main Arch

During the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, many arch bridges in the seismic zone were damaged. The typical damage included: span collapsed, abutment and arch springing cracked, spandrel arch damaged, damage in the joint member between deck and main arch, damage out of arch plane. Some typical damage examples of the arch bridge are introduced in this paper. The causes and regular pattern features of the earthquake damage are analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures are proposed.

Learning from Self-Organization among Service Volunteers after the Wenchuan Earthquake – The Case of Ad Hoc Volunteer Organization K388

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-301
Author(s):  
Shujie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Volunteer Organization ◽  
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Disaster Area

Abstract“Self-organization” describes coordinated actions by members of a system through a process of social evolution and without prompting by outside forces that result in action unified in temporal, spatial, or functional terms and also in an orderly, living structure. After the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, some volunteers spontaneously coordinated effective, unified actions. K388 is one such volunteer team. By analyzing K388, this paper looks at how volunteers in the disaster area innovated, self-organized, and formed orderly organizations.

scholarly journals Precursor-Like Anomalies prior to the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: A Critical-but-Constructive Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengfei Ma ◽  
Zhongliang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Recent Time ◽  
Great Earthquake ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Earthquake Forecast ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Rigorous Test

Results published since the last three years on the observations of the precursor-like anomalies before the May 12, 2008, Wenchuan,Ms8.0 earthquake are collected and analyzed. These retrospective case studies would have provided heuristic clues about the preparation process of this inland great earthquake and the predictability of this destructive event if the standards for the rigorous test of earthquake forecast schemes were strictly observed. At least in some of these studies, however, several issues still need to be further examined to confirm or falsify the connection of the reported observations with the Wenchuan earthquake. Some of the problems are due to the inevitable limitation of observational infrastructure at the recent time, but some of the problems are due to the lack of communication about the test of earthquake forecast schemes. For the interdisciplinary studies on earthquake forecast, reminding of the latter issue seems of special importance for promoting the works and cooperation in this field.

Landslide hazard assessment of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake: a case study in Beichuan area

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Tang ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Xin Qi
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Landslide Occurrence ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Very High ◽  
Earthquake Area

The Wenchuan earthquake (magnitude Ms = 8.0) of 12 May 2008 triggered widespread and large-scale landslides over an area of about 50 000 km2. A study was undertaken to determine the primary factors associated with seismic landslide occurrence. An index-based approach used to assess earthquake-triggered landslide hazard in the central part of the Wenchuan earthquake area affected is described. Slope gradient, relief amplitude, lithology, bedding–slope relations, fault proximity, stream proximity, and antecedent rainfall are recognized as factors that may have had an important influence on landslide occurrence. The assessment of the influence of each of these factors is presented through use of a series of maps showing areas of low, moderate, high, and very high landslide hazard. Areas identified as having “very high and high landslide hazard” were located along the earthquake-source fault and along both banks of the Jian River. The role of rainfall is very significant for future landslide occurrence in the earthquake area. The results of this study will assist decision makers in the selection of safe sites during the reconstruction process. The maps can also be used for landslide risk management in the study area.

scholarly journals The damage mechanism of water tower in Shaanxi Provence during Wenchuan Earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 03026
Author(s):  
Chunfeng Li ◽  
Xuyang Luo ◽  
Rui Duan ◽  
Youliang Shu ◽  
Wangqiang Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Basin Edge ◽  
Weihe Basin ◽  
Long Period Ground Motion

Through the collection, collation and analysis of the data about damage of Water tower in Shaanxi Provence during 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, the mechanism of long-period damage of the water tower is given. The analysis shows that, in Hanzhong basin, Ankang basin, and Weihe basin, serious damage should be caused by the long-period effect of basin of large earthquake in the far field. That magnitude of Wenchuan Earthquake is high, three basins are at the direction where the Wenchuan Earthquake wave propagated, and the epicentre is from 400 to 600km determines that the Wenchuan earthquake has the condition producing long-period effect in the three basins. In addition, the basins have very thick deposits, as well as possible basin edge effect may enhance long period damage. The damage of long-period of water tower results from the resonance between water tower and long-period ground motion.

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