Synthesis and Characterization of Li4Ti5O12 Doped by Na and Al as Anodes Material for Li-Ion Batteries

Li4Ti5O12 pure and Li4Ti5O12 with Na and Al doped Li(3-x/3)AlxNaTi(5-2x/3)O12 (x=0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075) as anodes for Li-ion batteries are synthesized at 850°C via solid state reaction using Li2CO3, TiO2-anatase, Al2O3 and Na2CO3 as precursor. The effect of substitution of Al and Na in Li4Ti5O12 on characterization of precursor and electrochemical performance is studied. It is found that Na doped in Li4Ti5O12 pure affected the formation of three phase i.e NaLiTi3O7, Li4Ti5O12, dan Li2TiO3. Meanwhile, Al doped contributed to the formation of NaLiTi3O7 phase significantly. The SEM images show that the particles have polyhedral shape with uniform size distribution. Na doped in the Li4Ti5O12 affected particle size become larger against Al doped particle size become smaller than undoped material, the best particle size measured by PSA is 30,89 . All characterization of material will determine the electrochemical performance of Li-ion battery.