Exploiting a Simple Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Manganese in High Strength Line Pipe Steels

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1158-1164
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Shao
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pipe Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Pipe Steels ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Characteristic Wavelength ◽  
Line Pipe Steel

The use of high strength line pipe steels is beneficial for the reduction the cost of gas transmission pipelines by enabling high pressure transmission of large volumes of gas. The high strength line pipe steels will become the preferred materials for modern natural gas transmission pipeline. It was well known that manganese was an important element in the high strength line pipe steels. In this paper, a simple spectrophotometric method was described for determination of manganese in high strength line pipe steels. The method was based on the oxidation-reduction reaction between ammonium persulfate and manganese(II) producing manganese(VII) in the presence of silver nitrate as a catalyst. The characteristic wavelength of maximum absorption of manganese(VII) was obtained locating at 530 nm. Under the optimum reaction conditions the absorption value was proportional to the concentration of manganese in the range of 0.18%~2.0% (R2 = 0.9997), and the relative standard deviation was less than 3.0% (n=5). The proposed method was applied successfully to determine manganese in API grade X80 line pipe steel and API grade X70 line pipe steel samples.

scholarly journals Determination of Nickel in End-Fitting of Spoolable Reinforced Plastic Line Pipe

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Shao
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Fitting In

Spoolable reinforced plastic line pipe will be widely used in the exploitation of acid gas and oil wells. End-fitting is a mechanical device that forms the transition from the spoolable reinforced plastic line pipe to the connector. It was well known that nickel was an important element in the end-fitting. In this paper, a novel spectrophotometric method was described for determination of nickel in the end-fitting of spoolable reinforced plastic line pipe. The method was based on the color reaction between nickel and dimethylglyoxime, which was favored in an alkaline medium, producing a red compound in the presence of ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. Under the optimum reaction conditions the absorption value was proportional to the concentration of nickel in the range of 0.080~0.50% (R2 = 0.9999), and the relative standard deviation was less than 3.0% (n=5). The proposed method was applied successfully to determine nickel in end-fitting of spoolable reinforced plastic line pipe.

High strength line pipe steel plates based on TM-processing

1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
A. Streisselberger ◽  
J. Bauer ◽  
W. Schütz ◽  
V. Schwinn
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Line Pipe Steel

scholarly journals Microstructural Evolution and Carbon Partitioning in Interstitial Free Weld Simulated API 5L X60 Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Karimi Zarchi ◽  
Ali Khajesarvi ◽  
Seyed Sadegh Ghasemi Banadkouki ◽  
Mahesh C. Somani
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Pipe Steel ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Carbon Partitioning ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Line Pipe Steel

AbstractThe microstructural characterizations and partitioning of carbon element in the weld heat affected zones of a commercial API 5L X60 line pipe steel were studied by applying a high speed heating and cooling dilatometry technique in the present research work. The hollow cylindrical specimens were quickly heated to 1000°C, soaked for only 5 s followed by continuous cooling to ambient temperature. Besides the construction of CCT diagram of this high strength low alloy steel using the dilatation data, the hardening response, microstructural features and carbon partitioning of weld simulated specimens were investigated. The obtained results showed that the hardening response of samples increased from 142 to 261HV10kg with increasing cooling rates. These hardening variations were attributed to the changes in microstructural features and carbon partitioning that occurred between the microconstituents present in the microstructures of weld simulated samples.

How New Vintage Line-Pipe Steel Fracture Properties Differ From Old Vintage Line-Pipe Steels

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wilkowski ◽  
D.-J. Shim ◽  
Y. Hioe ◽  
S. Kalyanam ◽  
F. Brust
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Pipe Steel ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Pipe Steels ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Line Pipe Steel ◽  
Fracture Control

Newer vintage line-pipe steels, even for lower grades (i.e., X60 to X70) have much different fracture behavior than older line-pipe steels. These differences significantly affect the fracture control aspects for both brittle fracture and ductile fracture of new pipelines. Perhaps one of the most significant effects is with brittle fracture control for new line-pipe steels. From past work brittle fracture control was achieved through the specification of the drop-weight-tear test (DWTT) in API 5L3. With the very high Charpy energy materials that are being made today, brittle fracture will not easily initiate from the pressed notch of the standard DWTT specimen, whereas for older line-pipe steels that was the normal behavior. This behavior is now referred to as “Abnormal Fracture Appearance” (AFA). More recent work shows a more disturbing trend that one can get 100-percent shear area in the standard pressed-notch DWTT specimen, but the material is really susceptible to brittle fracture. This is a related phenomenon due to the high fracture initiation energy in the standard DWTT specimen that we call “Abnormal Fracture Behavior” (AFB). This paper discusses modified DWTT procedures and some full-scale results. The differences in the actual behavior versus the standard DWTT can be significant. Modifications to the API 5L3 test procedure are needed. The second aspect deals with empirical fracture control for unstable ductile fractures based on older line-pipe steel tests initially from tests 30-years ago. As higher-grade line-pipe steels have been developed, a few additional full-scale burst tests have shown that correction factors on the Charpy energy values are needed as the grade increases. Those correction factors from the newer burst tests were subsequently found to be related to relationship of the Charpy energy values to the DWTT energy values, where the DWTT has better similitude than the Charpy test for fracture behavior (other than the transition temperature issue noted above). Once on the upper-shelf, recent data suggest that what was once thought to be a grade correction factor may really be due to steel manufacturing process changes with time that affect even new low-grade steels. Correction factors comparable to that for X100 steels have been indicated to be needed for even X65 grade steels. Hence the past empirical equations in Codes and Standards like B31.8 will significantly under-predict the actual values needed for most new line-pipe steels.

The EPRG Recommendations for Crack Arrest Toughness for Line Pipe Steel (Third Edition)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cosham ◽  
Robert Andrews ◽  
Tanja Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Steel ◽  
Crack Arrest ◽  
Pipe Steels ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
The Third ◽  
Line Pipe Steel ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantitative Definition ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Arrest Toughness

The third edition of the EPRG recommendations for crack arrest toughness for line pipe steels is presented. The third edition extends the applicability of the recommendations to pipelines transporting lean natural gas at pressures up to 100 barg (1450 psig), in diameters up to 1422.4 mm (56 inch), in grades up to Grade L555 (API 5L X80), and design factors up to 0.8. A quantitative definition of a lean gas is included in the third edition. The recommendations are intended to be applied to new pipelines. The recommendations are not intended to be applied retrospectively to existing pipelines.

scholarly journals Effect of prestrain on ductility and toughness in a high-strength line pipe steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazid Madi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shinohara ◽  
Jacques Besson
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Line Pipe Steel

scholarly journals Exploiting a Simple Method for the Determination of Manganese in Polyethylene Lined Tubing for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Shao ◽  
Xin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Characteristic Wavelength ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Reaction ◽  
Optimum Reaction

The polyethylene lined tubing is the key to enabling the industry to meet some of the energy security challenges that nations face today. It is well known that manganese is an important element in polyethylene lined tubing. In this paper, a simple spectrophotometric method was described for the determination of manganese in polyethylene lined tubing. The method was based on the oxidation-reduction reaction between ammonium persulfate and manganese(II) producing manganese(VII) in the presence of silver nitrate as a catalyst. The characteristic wavelength of maximum absorption of manganese(VII) was obtained locating at 530 nm. Under the optimum reaction conditions the absorption value was proportional to the concentration of manganese in the range of 0.2%~1.9% (R2 = 0.9997), and the relative standard deviation was less than 3.0% (n=5). The proposed method was applied successfully to determine manganese in polyethylene lined tubing real samples.

Anisotropic ductile failure of a high-strength line pipe steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shinohara ◽  
Y. Madi ◽  
J. Besson
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Steel ◽  
Ductile Failure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Line Pipe Steel
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