The Research and Application of Reclamation Technology in Complex Matrix of VA Mycorrhiza on Coal Mine Abandoned Wasteland

The exploitation of coal resources will lead to land damage and the emission of solid wastes, and will also lead to structural differences in mining wasteland, nutrient poor, low microbial activity, and vegetation planting difficult, causing serious environmental problems. Draw sludge into mine waste, construct different weight ratio of sludge, coal gangue and fly ash mining complex matrix, study the effect on the physical and chemical properties of composite matrix in mine lot which affected by mycorrhizal fungi through the soil property recover experiment of host plants inoculated with mycorrhizal clover ochratoxin, CIT. Preliminary studies show that inoculate mycorrhizal fungi and add appropriate amount of sludge can improve the matrix fertility in mine site, increase soil microbial activity and accelerate the process of mining land reclamation.

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Implication of Urochloa spp. Intercropping and Conservation Agriculture on Soil Microbiological Quality and Yield of Tahiti Acid Lime in Long Term Orchard Experiment

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10110491 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 491

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Costa Arantes ◽

Simone Raposo Cotta ◽

Patrícia Marluci da Conceição ◽

Silvana Perissatto Meneghin ◽

Rodrigo Martinelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Minimum Tillage ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Acid Lime ◽

Citrus Orchards

Techniques such as intercropping and minimum tillage improve soil quality, including soil microbial activity, which stimulates the efficient use of soil resources by plants. However, the effects of such practices in soil under citrus orchards have not been well characterized. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of mowing and intercrop species on soil microbiological characteristics beneath a Tahiti acid lime orchard. The orchard was planted using minimum tillage and intercropped with two species of Urochloa species (U. ruziziensis—ruzi grass; U. decumbens—signal grass), with two types of mowers for Urochloa biomass (ecological; conventional) and herbicide applications. The study was conducted over 10 years. The ecological mower made the largest deposition of the intercrop biomass, thus providing the lowest disturbance of soil microbial activity and increasing, on average over all 10 years, the basal soil respiration (45%), microbial biomass carbon (25%), abundance of 16S rRNA (1.5%) and ITS (3.5%) genes, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (30%), and providing a ca. 20% higher fruit yield. U. ruziziensis in combination with ecological mowing stimulated the abundance of the genes nifH (1.5%) and phoD (3.0%). The herbicide showed little influence. We conclude that the use of U. ruziziensis as an intercrop in citrus orchards subjected to ecological mowing can be recommended for improving and sustaining soil quality and citrus fruit production.

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Comparison of heat output and CO2 respiration to assess soil microbial activity: a case of ultisol soil

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/168/2018-pse ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 470-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jia Xiuhong ◽

Cao Haichuan ◽

Jiang Lanlan ◽

Yuan Jihong ◽

Zheng Shixue

Keyword(s):

Microbial Communities ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Total Phospholipid ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Heat Output ◽

Mineral N ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Comprehensive Indicator

Glucose-induced microcalorimetry and carbon dioxide (CO2) production are two widely applied methods to assess microbial activity in soil. However, the links among them, microbial communities and soil chemical properties based on large number of soil samples are still not fully understood. Seventy-two soil samples of different land uses were collected from an ultisol soil area in south China. The best correlation between the rate of heat output and the rate of CO2 respiration occurred in 8–16 h reaction (R2 = 0.64), followed by 0–8 h (R2 = 0.50) (P < 0.001). However, the correlations decreased sharply after 16 h. The heat output per biomass unit (QT/MBC) was well correlated with the total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) (R2 = 0.56) and bacterial PLFAs (R2 = 0.53) (P < 0.001). In contrast, these links were not apparent between soil respiratory quotient (qCO2) and the total PLFAs and microbial communities. Redundancy analysis further confirmed that QT/MBC was a more comprehensive indicator to assess soil microbial activity and soil quality than qCO2, showing a good negative correlation to soil organic carbon, total nitrogen (N) and mineral N, and pH. This work is very helpful to better guide the application of calorimetry and CO2 respiration in assessing microbial activity in soils.

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