Process of Soda-AQ Pulping of Fast-Growing Poplar and Defibration Point

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3500-3504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Gui Hua Yang ◽  
Jia Chuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Klason Lignin ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Cooking Temperature ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Soluble Lignin

Fast-growing Poplar cooked by Soda-AQ process was studied, by determining the lignin contents including Klason lignin and acid soluble lignin, the yield of pulping, the rate of carbohydtare degradation and the rate of delignification.Results indicated that the delignificaton of Fast-growing Poplar in Soda-AQ pulping can be divided into three distinguishable stages. (a)The initial delignification stage before 140°C,the rate of delignification reaches to 30.87%;(b)The bulk delignification stage, the rate of delignification reaches to 86.97%，in the period from 140°C to 170°C and for 30 min;(c)The residual delignification stage,the rate of delignification exceeds 91.60%. The defibration point was reached when cooking temperature raised to 170°C and for 30 min with 57.50% pulping yield ,24.94 kappa nomber.

Process of Kraft Pulping of Fast-Growing Poplar and Defibration Point

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 682-687
Author(s):  
Yu Cui ◽  
Jia Chuan Chen ◽  
Gui Hua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Klason Lignin ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Cooking Temperature ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Soluble Lignin

The process of kraft pulping of Fast-growing Poplar was studied,by determining the lignin contents including Klason lignin and acid soluble lignin, the yield of pulping, the rate of carbohydtare degradation and delignification rate. Results indicated that the delignificaton of Fast-growing Poplar in kraft pulping can be divided into three distinguishable stages. (a)The initial delignification stage before 140°C,the rate of delignification reaches to 35.76%; (b)The bulk delignification stage, the rate of delignification reaches to 90.50%，in the period from 140°C to 170°C and for 30 min; (c)The residual delignification stage,the rate of delignification exceeds 95.56%. The defibration point was reached when cooking temperature raised to 170°C and for 30 min with 52.22% pulping yield ,17.83 kappa number.

scholarly journals Composition of microbial PLFAs and correlations with topsoil characteristics in the rare active travertine spring-fed fen

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hanajík ◽  
Milan Zvarík ◽  
Hannu Fritze ◽  
Ivan Šimkovic ◽  
Róbert Kanka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Klason Lignin ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Total Plfa ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Soluble Lignin

Abstract We studied soil PLFAs composition and specific soil properties among transect of small-scale fen in Stankovany, Slovakia. The aim of this study was to determine potential differences in the microbial community structure of the fen transect and reveal correlations among PLFAs and specific soil characteristics. PCA analyses of 43 PLFAs showed a separation of the samples along the axis largely influenced by i14:0, 16:1ω5, br17:0, 10Me16:0, cy17:0, cy17:1, br18:0 and 10Me17:0. We measured a high correlation of sample scores and distance from fen edge (Kendall’s test τ = 0.857, P < 0.01). Kendall’s test showed a negative correlation of PLFAs content (mol%) and distance from the fen border for Gram (+) bacteria, Actinomycetes, mid-chain branched saturated PLFAs and total PLFAs. The redundancy analysis of the PLFA data set for the eight samples using PLFAs as species and 21 environmental variables identified soil properties significantly associated with the PLFA variables, as tested by Monte Carlo permutation showing most significant environmental variables including dichlormethan extractables, water extractables, Klason lignin, acid-soluble lignin, holocellulose, total extractables, organic matter content, total PLFA amount, bacterial PLFA and total nitrogen negatively correlated to axis 1 and dry weight and carbonate carbon positively correlated to axis 1. The amounts of Klason lignin, acid-soluble lignin, holocellulose total extractables, total PLFA, bacterial PLFA and total nitrogen were significantly correlated positively to the distance from fen border while moisture and total carbonate carbon were correlated negatively.

Assessment of rotary drum and aerated in-vessel for composting of garden waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Mishra ◽  
Kunwar D Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Cow Dung ◽  
Blade Design ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Rotary Drum ◽  
Working Performance ◽  
Soluble Lignin ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Garden Waste

Abstract For in-vessel composting of garden waste, the selection of reactor is an important factor for efficient degradation. The present study evaluates working performance of rotary drum reactor (RDR) and aerated in-vessel (AIV) for composting of garden waste. 100 kg garden waste was mixed with 10 kg cow-dung slurry and 5 kg compost and feed into both the reactors for 45 days composting period. The reactors vary in their system configuration, shape and orientation, blade design, rate of aeration, odour control, leachate production and energy requirements. Rotary drum was rotated daily six times in clockwise and anti-clockwise direction and AIV was rotated daily for 3–5 minutes using motor. Rise in temperature started within 24 hours of composting and reached 65°C and 59°C on second day itself and thermophilic phase continued for 7 and 5 days for RDR and AIV respectively. Moisture content reduction after composting period was 15.25 and 18.45 %, C/N ratio was 16.14 and 13.33, TVS reduction was 23.74 and 29.78 % and CO2 evolution rate was 6.18 and 4.14 mg/g VS/day in RDR and AIV respectively. Reduction of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was more in AIV. The percentage reduction of acid insoluble lignin was 36.10 and 29.01 % and the percentage reduction of acid soluble lignin was 48.85 and 43.3% in in AIV and RDR respectively after 45 days. AIV gave better performance for composting of garden waste.

The Estimation of Acid-soluble Lignin

Holzforschung ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. McKenzie ◽  
J. A. McPherson ◽  
C. M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Soluble Lignin

Bm Lignin Structure and Chemical Compositional Characteristics of Switchgrass

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 1257-1260
Author(s):  
Jin Hua Yan ◽  
Hui Xia Xu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xiang Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
13C Nmr ◽  
31P Nmr ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Soluble Lignin ◽  
Lignin Structure

Switchgrass contains high content of cellulose which is suitable to enzymetically hydrolyze to glucose, and is a good potential biomass for biofuel production. The paper studied a kind (Alamo, CA993,CA992,Kanlow) switchgrass ball milled lignin structure using 13C NMR and 31P NMR. Both NMR lignin spectrums showed little difference of this switchgrass. Its extractive-free compositional components were also analyzed like acid insoluble lignin, acid soluble lignin, ash and carbohydrates separately. Its acid insoluble and soluble lignin contents were close to each other in the range of 21% and 2.5% respectively. Their carbohydrates are made mainly up of glucose and xylose, which fractions are around 52% to 40% based on the whole carbohydrates.

Simplified Analysis of Acid Soluble Lignin

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Kaar ◽  
David L. Brink
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Simplified Analysis ◽  
Soluble Lignin

scholarly journals The effect of wood supply and bleaching process on pulp brightness stability

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romildo Lopes Oliveira ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
Kátia Maria Morais Eiras ◽  
Gustavo Ventorim
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Oxygen Delignification ◽  
Wood Supply ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Brightness Reversion ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Soluble Lignin ◽  
Stage Efficiency

One hundred different 5.5-year-old Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla wood clones were cooked to kappa number 15-17.5 and the resulting kraft pulps oxygen-delignified to kappa 9.5-11.5 under fixed conditions, except for chemical charges. Thirteen samples showing large variations in effective alkali requirement, pulp yield and O-stage efficiency and selectivity were selected for brightness reversion studies. These samples were bleached to 90-91% ISO by DEDD and DEDP sequences and their brightness stability and chemical characteristics determined. Heat reversion of the eucalyptus kraft pulps was strongly influenced by the wood supply, with brightness loss varying in the range of 2.1-3.6 and 0.8-1.7 %ISO for ODEDD and ODEDP bleached pulps, respectively. Pulps bleached by the ODEDP sequence showed reversion values 1.3-1.9 % ISO lower than those bleached by the ODEDD sequence. Pulp carbonyl content decreased by 35-40% during the final peroxide bleaching stage. Carbonyl and carboxyl groups correlated positively with brightness reversion, as did permanganate number and acid soluble lignin. Pulp final viscosity and metal and DCM extractives contents showed no significant correlation with brightness reversion. Pulping, oxygen delignification and ECF bleaching performances also showed no correlation with brightness reversion.

scholarly journals Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of acid soluble lignin adsorption from rice straw hydrolysate by a self-synthesized macro/mesoporous resin

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (39) ◽  
pp. 23896-23906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianlin Huang ◽  
Xiaoqing Lin ◽  
Lian Xiong ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Hairong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Suspension Polymerization ◽  
Thermodynamic Studies ◽  
Rice Straw Hydrolysate ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies ◽  
Soluble Lignin

A self-synthesized HQ-8 resin was prepared using a O/W suspension polymerization technique and employed as a potential adsorbent for the removal of acid soluble lignin (ASL) from rice straw hydrolysate (RSH).

Investigation of eucalypt and pine wood acid-soluble lignin by Py-GC-MS

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Gabriel Castro Brumano ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
Sérgio A. Fernandes ◽  
Bianca Moreira Barbosa ◽  
Fernando José Borges Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Quantification Method ◽  
Acid Soluble Lignin ◽  
Dry Wood ◽  
Soluble Lignin

AbstractThe Klason method is adequate for quantifying lignin in softwood (SWD) but is less so for hardwood (HWD). The latter contains a fraction of acid-soluble lignin (ASL) that is not measurable under the conditions prevailing in the Klason method and that must be quantified by other means. This study aimed at investigating the composition of ASL obtained from eucalypt and pine woods by using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). About 2.7% and 0.9% ASL by dry wood weight were measured in the acid filtrate of eucalypt and pine, respectively, by the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) UM 250 method. The acid filtrate was lyophilized and processed by Py-GC-MS, allowing identification of 26 primary pyrolysis products, with 2% and 52% relative molar abundance coming from lignin and carbohydrates, respectively, for eucalypt and 24 primary pyrolysis products, with 1% and 54% relative molar abundance from lignin and carbohydrates, respectively, for pine. The main products derived from lignin were phenol, 4-methylphenol, guaiacol, 4-methylcatechol, syringol, acetosyringone and vanillin. It was concluded that measurements of ASL remain a requirement for accurate eucalypt and pine wood lignin quantification because lignin derivatives remain in the acid filtrate from the Klason lignin quantification method. Corrections for carbohydrate-derived compounds are not necessary, despite their predominance in the filtrate, because these derivatives do not interfere with ultraviolet (UV) absorption.

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