Interfacial Tension Prediction of Readily-Mixed Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion at Pour Point Temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Harvin Kaur ◽  
Azuraien Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Interfacial Rheology ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Measurement Protocol

In the industry, stubborn emulsion still constitutes up to 20% of the total emulsion volume. The existing remediation strategies for emulsion treatment rely heavily on the study of heavy crude oil emulsion. However, minimal information is available on integrating interfacial rheology with emulsion stability on waxy crude oil emulsion. The proposed research provides a study to the development of integration between interfacial rheology and emulsion stability so that it can be a quick assessment but an accurate method to measure emulsion stability. The primary objectives of the research are to provide an extensional study to the design development of a comprehensive interfacial rheology protocol for the assessment of emulsion stability by developing a method of testing and monitoring the interfacial rheology and to investigate the demulsification ability of the waxy crude oil emulsion subjected to microbial treatment. The novelty of this study is to use the newly developed measurement protocol via interfacial rheology to predict emulsion stability. Application of the microbes on waxy crude oil to breakdown the water-in-oil emulsion using a rheometer will also be explored. The treatment is targeted to disintegrate the interfacial layer within the emulsion leading to better oil recovery. Rheological properties of the emulsion will be monitored upon the microbial injection to analyze the effects of the treatment on the rheology of emulsion. The outcomes from this research is that the newly developed protocol will predict emulsion stability that could resolve the stubborn emulsion issues via the developed interfacial rheology protocol, which could be time-saving and increases the production efficiency. This research paper is a study to develop a correlation on surface tension and interfacial tension between crude oil, water and a readily-mixed emulsion.

Application of Synthesized Novel Biodegradable Pour-Point Depressant from Natural Source on Flow Assurance of Indian Waxy Crude Oil and Comparative Studies with Commercial Pour-Point Depressant

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Biswadeep Pal ◽  
Tarun Kumar Naiya
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Pour Point Depressant ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Point Depressant

Summary Pour-point depressants (PPDs) were synthesized from natural sources and used in waxy crude oil transportation to reduce the pour point and improve flow. A biodegradable PPD (BPPD) was synthesized and tested to mitigate crude oil flow assurance problems in the present work. The transesterification process was used to synthesize coconut oil ethyl ester (COEE, termed as BPPD). Fourier transform electron spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR), and microscopic analysis were performed for better understanding of mechanisms for both BPPD and a commercially available PPD named PPD-A. The pour point of crude oil was reduced by 12 and 9°C after the addition of 800 ppm BPPD and PPD-A, respectively. The microscopic analysis confirms that the crystals of wax converted to very fine and dispersed particles during mixing of additives, which in turn increase flowability. BPPD performs better to reduce interfacial tension than PPD-A. The maximum reduction of 19% in interfacial tension was observed after the addition of 800 ppm BPPD. BPPD alters the wettability of the pipeline surface from intermediate wet to water-wet within 60 seconds, which results in reduced slip velocity and consequently lessens the deposition of wax. As a result, crude oils will not stick to the wall of the pipe surface and will experience less resistance to flow through pipelines. FTIR analysis indicated that long-chain alkane and aromatic groups are responsible for a higher pour point, and their concentration level was reduced after the addition of BPPD. The viscosity of crude oil was reduced by almost 94% after the addition of 800 ppm BPPD with crude oil, which in turn minimizes pumping costs for crude oil. As a result, the total project cost was reduced substantially. Biodegradability tests confirm that the BPPD is biodegradable and nontoxic. Due to its biodegradability and nontoxic nature, BPPD has a promising capacity to be used in the petroleum industry for easier pipeline transportation of waxy crude.

Structural Behaviors of Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion Gels

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 3718-3729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyu Sun ◽  
Jinjun Zhang ◽  
Hongying Li
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Structural Behaviors

Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion Gel: Impact on Flow Assurance†

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 2287-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Cristina K. de Oliveira ◽  
Rogério M. Carvalho ◽  
Alexandre B. Carvalho ◽  
Bruno C. Couto ◽  
Fátima R. D. Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Emulsion Gel

Structural breakdown and recovery of waxy crude oil emulsion gels

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 817-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyu Sun ◽  
Jinjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Structural Breakdown

Structure of waxy crude oil emulsion gels

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben F.G. Visintin ◽  
Thomas P. Lockhart ◽  
Romano Lapasin ◽  
Paolo D’Antona
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude

Characterization of a Water-in-Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion by its Steady Apparent Viscosity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Guo ◽  
Tao Feng ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Wenbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Water Cut

Abstract The rheological properties of water-in-waxy crude oil emulsion depend highly on its forming conditions. Among these, the steady apparent viscosity is capable of characterizing its degree of emulsification. Adopting waxy crude oil in the field, we examine the influence of the water cut, the stirring speed, and the stirring time on the steady apparent viscosity of the emulsions formed under various conditions in this study. A model based on the viscous flow entropy generated in emulsion preparation is applied to correlate the steady apparent viscosity with the key parameters. A regression model is constructed for the dependence of the steady apparent viscosity on the viscous flow entropy, the shear rate, the rheological parameters of blank crude oil, and the wax deposition volume.

scholarly journals The Oscillatory Spinning Drop Technique. An Innovative Method to Measure Dilational Interfacial Rheological Properties of Crude Oil-Brine Systems in the Presence of Asphaltenes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ronald Marquez ◽  
Johnny Bullon ◽  
Ana Forgiarini ◽  
Jean-Louis Salager
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Interfacial Rheology ◽  
Drop Method ◽  
Natural Surfactants ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Drop Technique

The oscillatory spinning drop method has been proven recently to be an accurate technique to measure dilational interfacial rheological properties. It is the only available equipment for measuring dilational moduli in low interfacial tension systems, as it is the case in applications dealing with surfactant-oil-water three-phase behavior like enhanced oil recovery, crude oil dehydration, or extreme microemulsion solubilization. Different systems can be studied, bubble-in-liquid, oil-in-water, microemulsion-in-water, oil-in-microemulsion, and systems with the presence of complex natural surfactants like asphaltene aggregates or particles. The technique allows studying the characteristics and properties of water/oil interfaces, particularly when the oil contains asphaltenes and when surfactants are present. In this work, we present a review of the measurements of crude oil-brine interfaces with the oscillating spinning drop technique. The review is divided into four sections. First, an introduction on the oscillating spinning drop technique, fundamental and applied concepts are presented. The three sections that follow are divided according to the complexity of the systems measured with the oscillating spinning drop, starting with simple surfactant-oil-water systems. Then the complexity increases, presenting interfacial rheology properties of crude oil-brine systems, and finally, more complex surfactant-crude oil-brine systems are reviewed. We have found that using the oscillating spinning drop method to measure interfacial rheology properties can help make precise measurements in a reasonable amount of time. This is of significance when systems with long equilibration times, e.g., asphaltene or high molecular weight surfactant-containing systems are measured, or with systems formulated with a demulsifier which is generally associated with low interfacial tension.

scholarly journals Study on the thixotropy and structural recovery characteristics of waxy crude oil emulsion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Guo ◽  
Xue Han ◽  
Yun Lei ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Peng-Fei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Structural Recovery
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