Structural Behaviors of Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion Gels

Abstract The rheological properties of water-in-waxy crude oil emulsion depend highly on its forming conditions. Among these, the steady apparent viscosity is capable of characterizing its degree of emulsification. Adopting waxy crude oil in the field, we examine the influence of the water cut, the stirring speed, and the stirring time on the steady apparent viscosity of the emulsions formed under various conditions in this study. A model based on the viscous flow entropy generated in emulsion preparation is applied to correlate the steady apparent viscosity with the key parameters. A regression model is constructed for the dependence of the steady apparent viscosity on the viscous flow entropy, the shear rate, the rheological parameters of blank crude oil, and the wax deposition volume.

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Study on the thixotropy and structural recovery characteristics of waxy crude oil emulsion

Petroleum Science ◽

10.1016/j.petsci.2021.07.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li-Ping Guo ◽

Xue Han ◽

Yun Lei ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Peng-Fei Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Waxy Crude Oil ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Waxy Crude ◽

Structural Recovery

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Start-up flow behavior of pipelines transporting waxy crude oil emulsion

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.petrol.2016.10.007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

pp. 746-755 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Guangyu Sun ◽

Jinjun Zhang ◽

Chenbo Ma ◽

Xinyi Wang

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Flow Behavior ◽

Waxy Crude Oil ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Waxy Crude ◽

Start Up

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Research on viscoelastic properties of water in waxy crude oil emulsion gels with the effect of droplet size and distribution

The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1002/cjce.22324 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 (12) ◽

pp. 2233-2244 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Si Li ◽

Qiyu Huang ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Kaifeng Fan

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Droplet Size ◽

Viscoelastic Properties ◽

Waxy Crude Oil ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Waxy Crude

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Interfacial Tension Prediction of Readily-Mixed Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion at Pour Point Temperature

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.818.62 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 818 ◽

pp. 62-71

Author(s):

Harvin Kaur ◽

Azuraien Jaafar

Keyword(s):

Interfacial Tension ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

Interfacial Rheology ◽

Waxy Crude Oil ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Waxy Crude ◽

Measurement Protocol

In the industry, stubborn emulsion still constitutes up to 20% of the total emulsion volume. The existing remediation strategies for emulsion treatment rely heavily on the study of heavy crude oil emulsion. However, minimal information is available on integrating interfacial rheology with emulsion stability on waxy crude oil emulsion. The proposed research provides a study to the development of integration between interfacial rheology and emulsion stability so that it can be a quick assessment but an accurate method to measure emulsion stability. The primary objectives of the research are to provide an extensional study to the design development of a comprehensive interfacial rheology protocol for the assessment of emulsion stability by developing a method of testing and monitoring the interfacial rheology and to investigate the demulsification ability of the waxy crude oil emulsion subjected to microbial treatment. The novelty of this study is to use the newly developed measurement protocol via interfacial rheology to predict emulsion stability. Application of the microbes on waxy crude oil to breakdown the water-in-oil emulsion using a rheometer will also be explored. The treatment is targeted to disintegrate the interfacial layer within the emulsion leading to better oil recovery. Rheological properties of the emulsion will be monitored upon the microbial injection to analyze the effects of the treatment on the rheology of emulsion. The outcomes from this research is that the newly developed protocol will predict emulsion stability that could resolve the stubborn emulsion issues via the developed interfacial rheology protocol, which could be time-saving and increases the production efficiency. This research paper is a study to develop a correlation on surface tension and interfacial tension between crude oil, water and a readily-mixed emulsion.

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