Hole-Drilling Method for Residual Stress Measurement - Consideration of Elastic-Plastic Material Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 768-769 ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
David von Mirbach
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Elastic Plastic Material ◽  
Ring Core

Two commonly used mechanical methods for the determination of residual stresses are the hole-drilling method and the ring-core method, which can be regarded as semi-destructive. The most restricting limitation for the general applicability of both methods, according to the current state of science and technology, is the fact that the scope for relatively low residual stress under 60% of the yield stress is limited.This is a result of the notch effect of the hole or ring core, which leads to a plastification around and on the bottom of the hole and ring shaped groove already at stresses well below the yield stress of the material. The elastic evaluation of the resulting plastic strains leads consequently to an overestimation of the delineated residual stresses. In this paper the influence of elastic-plastic material properties no the specific calibration function for the hole-drilling method using the differential method is studied, and the method of adaptive calibration functions is presented.

Residual Stress Measurements in an Autofrettage Tube Using Hole Drilling Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Jahed ◽  
Mohammad Reza Faritus ◽  
Zeinab Jahed
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Hoop Stress ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Ring Sample ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
American Society

Relieved strains due to drilling hole in a ring sample cut from an autofrettage cylinder are measured. Measured strains are then transformed to residual stresses using calibration constants and mathematical relations of elasticity based on ASTM standard recommendations (American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM E 837-08, 2008, “Standard Test Method for Determining Residual Stresses by the Hole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method,” American Society for Testing and Materials). The hydraulic autofrettage is pressurizing a closed-end long cylinder beyond its elastic limits and subsequently removing the pressure. In contrast to three-dimensional stress state in the autofrettage tube, the stress measurement in hole drilling method is performed on a traction free surface formed from cutting the ring sample. The process of cutting the ring sample from a long autofrettaged tube is simulated using finite element method (FEM) and the redistribution of the residual stress due to the cut is discussed. Hence, transformation of the hole drilling measurements on the ring slice to the autofrettage residual stresses is revealed. The residual stresses are also predicted by variable material properties (VMP) method (Jahed, H., and Dubey, R. N., 1997, “An Axisymmetric Method of Elastic-Plastic Analysis Capable of Predicting Residual Stress Field,” Trans. ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol., 119, pp. 264–273) using real loading and unloading behavior of the test material. Prediction results for residual hoop stress agree very well with the measurements. However, radial stress predictions are less than measured values particularly in the middle of the ring. To remove the discrepancy in radial residual stresses, the measured residual hoop stress that shows a self-balanced distribution was taken as the basis for calculating residual radial stresses using field equations of elasticity. The obtained residual stresses were improved a lot and were in good agreement with the VMP solution.

Modeling and Measurement of Residual Stresses along the Process Chain of Autofrettaged Components by Using FEA and Hole-Drilling Method with ESPI

2013 ◽  
Vol 768-769 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Brünnet ◽  
Dirk Bähre ◽  
Theo J. Rickert ◽  
Dominik Dapprich
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Speckle Pattern ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method

The incremental hole-drilling method is a well-known mechanical measurement procedure for the analysis of residual stresses. The newly developed PRISM® technology by Stresstech Group measures stress relaxation optically using electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI). In case of autofrettaged components, the large amount of compressive residual stresses and the radius of the pressurized bores can be challenging for the measurement system. This research discusses the applicability of the measurement principle for autofrettaged cylinders made of steel AISI 4140. The residual stresses are measured after AF and after subsequent boring and reaming. The experimental residual stress depth profiles are compared to numerically acquired results from a finite element analysis (FEA) with the software code ABAQUS. Sample preparation will be considered as the parts have to be sectioned in half in order to access the measurement position. Following this, the influence of the boring and reaming operation on the final residual stress distribution as well as the accuracy of the presented measurement setup will be discussed. Finally, the usability of the FEA method in early design stages is discussed in order to predict the final residual stress distribution after AF and a following post-machining operation.

Determination of Residual Stresses in Medium Density Fibreboard

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen van Houts ◽  
Debes Bhattacharyya ◽  
Krishnan Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Thickness Swell ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Moisture Expansion ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Residual Internal Stress

Summary Due to the moisture and temperature gradients developed during hot pressing of medium density fibre-board (MDF), residual stresses occur within the board as it equilibrates to room conditions. It would be extremely useful to measure these residual stresses and to determine their effects on board properties such as moduli of elasticity and rupture in bending, internal bond strength and dimensional stability. In this article two methods, namely dissection and hole drilling, have been adapted to measure residual internal stress distributions in six different samples of industry produced MDF. The dissection method involves cutting several pieces of MDF perpendicular to the thickness direction at different depths. The residual stresses released by the dissection can be determined by measuring the curvatures of cut pieces and knowing their elastic moduli. The hole drilling method, on the other hand, involves mounting three strain gauges on the surface of a piece of MDF and drilling a hole to release residual stresses in close proximity. The released stresses are manifested as strains in the forms of which can be measured in three directions on the surface of the board. A theoretical model for predicting residual stresses involving various parameters has been developed and an excellent agreement with the experimental results from both the dissection and hole drilling methods has been achieved. Linear moisture expansion coefficient appears to have the greatest influence on residual stress. When compared against each other, the residual stresses measured by the hole drilling method show some shortcomings towards the centre of the board. While all six of the MDF boards exhibited similar trends in their residual stress distributions, significant differences were identified in the magnitudes of residual stress measured. Finally, some preliminary results linking the residual stress with the thickness swell of the samples and their surface densities have been presented.

Determination of the Necessary Geometric Parameters of the Specimen in Ring-Core Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 486 ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Menda ◽  
František Trebuňa ◽  
Patrik Šarga
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Incremental Method ◽  
Core Method ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Ring Core

There are several measuring techniques for determining residual stress which can be divided according to the created damage in to the construction in non-destructive, semi-destructive and destructive ones. One of the most common is semi-destructive hole-drilling method. This paper deals about Ring-Core method which is based on the similar principles. Today, there is no standard for the Ring-Core method, thus it is important to consider various influential factors. One of them are the dimensions of specimen. Calibration coefficients are determined by finite element (FE) analysis using the commercial software Solidworks. These coefficients are used for residual stress evaluation by incremental method used in Ring-Core method. The influence of different specimen dimensions on the accuracy of the evaluated residual stresses is considered.

Inverse Hole-Drilling Method for Residual Stress Investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Vaclavik ◽  
Stanislav Holy ◽  
Jiří Jankovec ◽  
Petr Jaros ◽  
Otakar Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Stress Evaluation ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Strain Gauge Rosette

The method for residual stress measurement using through the hole drilling and investigation of the residual stresses relief with the help of incremental layers removing is presented. Drilling the rosette-hole from the opposite side – the inverse layers removing – have to be used for evaluation of residual stress near the back side of the object wall in cases when this surface is inaccessible for any hole-drilling instrument. The strain gauge rosette is installed on the opposite side of the drilled wall and a new mechanical task of incremental layers removal must be solved. The calibration constants for residual stress evaluation of HBM RY21 type rosette for this case were derived using numerical modeling by FEA and its experimental verification.

The Influence of Chemical Composition on Residual Stresses in NiCoMo Alloy Deposits on 12 Ni Maraging Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 768-769 ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Bergant ◽  
Janez Grum
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Drilling Method

The in-plane residual stresses in laser cladded specimens, made of 12-nickel precipitation hardening maraging hot-working tool steel 1.2799 (SIST EN 10027-2) are analyzed using the hole drilling method. The CO2 laser was used to deposit the alloy NiCoMo-1 with significantly higher content of nickel and cobalt with austenitic microstructure at room temperature. The Nd:YAG laser was used to deposit the maraging alloy designated NiCoMo-2, with similar chemical composition as the base material. The comparison of residual stress field showed the sign and the magnitude of residual stresses depends on the chemical composition of the clad being deposited. The high tensile residual stresses were found in NiCoMo-1 layers and favorable compressive residual stresses were found in NiCoMo-2 layers. The metallurgical aspects of residual stress generation are discussed.

Residual Stresses in Steel-Titanium Composite Manufactured by Explosive Welding

2012 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Karolczuk ◽  
Krzysztof Kluger ◽  
Mateusz Kowalski ◽  
Fabian Żok ◽  
Grzegorz Robak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stress States

The main aim of the paper is determination of residual stresses in explosively welded steel-titanium bimetal. The analysis considers two bimetallic specimens: before and after the heat treatment. In residual stress determination the hole drilling method along with finite element analysis were applied. The results show different residual stress states depending on the heat treatment. The obtained results are confirmed by thermal stress calculation.

scholarly journals Four-Point Bending Tests to Study the So-Called Plasticity Effect on the Residual Stress Results Determined by the Hole-Drilling and Ring-Core Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
David von Mirbach
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Four Point Bending Test ◽  
Ring Core

The hole-drilling method (HDM) and ring core method (RCM) are limited to low residual stresses under 60% of the yield stress. This issue will experimentally analyze the method of adaptive calculation function, presented by the author on the ICRS9. With a four-point-bending test machine, a defined stress can be triggered between the middle bending. In this defined loading area, the strains in two load cases with the HDM and the RCM configuration were measured. With these measured strains the residual stress calculation will be analysed.

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