scholarly journals A case of iodide mumps following contrast CT imaging; an exploration of its pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
M. Aravinthan ◽  
S. Jayasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Contrast Ct

Individual Airway Closure Characterized In Vivo by Phase-Contrast CT Imaging in Injured Rabbit Lung*

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. e774-e781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Broche ◽  
Pauline Pisa ◽  
Liisa Porra ◽  
Loïc Degrugilliers ◽  
Alberto Bravin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Airway Closure ◽  
Rabbit Lung ◽  
Contrast Ct

Graphene Quantum Dots-Coated Bismuth Nanoparticles for Improved CT Imaging and Photothermal Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samireh Badrigilan ◽  
Behrouz Shaabani ◽  
Nahideh Ghareh Aghaji ◽  
Asghar Mesbahi
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Bismuth Nanoparticles ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Absorbance Profile

By integrating high-performance CT imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) into one nanoprobe, an effective theranostic can be achieved for clinical cancer treatment. In this study, the graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-coated bismuth (Bi) nanoparticle (NP) as a theranostic nanoprobe is synthesized and its capabilities for computed tomography (CT) imaging and PTT are investigated. Such nanotheranostic exhibits good physiological dispersity with satisfactory blood compatibility and cytotoxicity. Most importantly, the GQDs-Bi NPs offer strong and steady absorbance profile in NIR region with excellent photostability, which can remarkably convert photo-to-thermal with the photothermal efficiency of 30.0%. Thanks to the powerful PTT effect, co-delivery of GQDs-Bi NPs/NIR laser can effectively induce HeLa cells death in vitro. Cooperatively, NPs hold X-ray attenuation coefficient for high-contrast CT imaging with the corresponding CT improvement efficacy as high as 32.7[Formula: see text]HU[Formula: see text]mg[Formula: see text]. The obtained results highlight the potential of GQDs-Bi NPs as a successful theranostic nanoagent for CT imaging and cancer photothermal therapy.

Impact of photon counting detector spectral distortion on virtual non-contrast CT imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mang Feng ◽  
Xu Ji ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Jessica R. Miller ◽  
Guang-Hong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Spectral Distortion ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Contrast Ct

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Outcomes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients Exposed to Intravenous Contrast Prior to Stem Cell Transplantation

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 5179-5179
Author(s):  
Gayathri Ravi ◽  
Yazan Abou-Ismail ◽  
Margaret Rothgery ◽  
Anjali Shekar ◽  
Sophie Golec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Contrast Group ◽  
Contrast Ct

Abstract Background: Patients with AML are inherently at increased risk of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) due to multiple reasons including chemotherapy, antibiotics and risk of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Prolonged hospital admissions and persistent neutropenia with increased risk of infections necessitate diagnostic testing including computed tomography (CT) scans with contrast. Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a well-known risk of contrast exposure and is a leading cause of hospital acquired AKI. Acute kidney injury is increasingly being recognized as an independent risk factor for survival in patients with hematologic malignancies. To our knowledge, the incidence of CIN in AML patients and its impact on subsequent cancer management has not been studied. Methods: Retrospective chart review of all newly diagnosed AML patients who received inpatient chemotherapy at Seidman Cancer Center from 2004-2017 were included. Out of the 432 patients screened, 223 were excluded as they did not receive any CT imaging. Serum creatinine (S.cr) was documented prior to receiving chemotherapy for induction, consolidation and/or re-induction for relapsed disease. We recorded the highest S.cr during the 2-7 days after undergoing CT with and without contrast, as per the definition of CIN. Outcomes evaluated include hospital length of stay (LOS), transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and need for changing subsequent management of AML. We also compared the yield of CT without contrast to CT with contrast. Continuous outcomes were evaluated with univariate generalized linear regression models and binary outcomes were evaluated with univariate logistic regression models. Results: Out of the 209 patients included in the study, 255 cycles of chemotherapy were identified where the patient had a diagnostic CT. This includes 191 inductions, 20 consolidations and 39 relapse inductions. Out of the 255 encounters,136 were CT with contrast and 119 without contrast. LOS, transfer to medical ICU, RRT and need for change in AML management was compared in both groups for induction, consolidation and relapse. Baseline characteristics of patients are summarized in Table 1. The co-morbidities contributing to renal dysfunction and concomitant use of nephrotoxic medications were equally prevalent in both groups. Patients with higher creatinine at presentation predominantly had non-contrast CT done (p <0.001). Average length of stay was 36.6 days in non-contrast group compared to 37.0 days in contrast group (p 0.878). There was a slightly increased need for ICU transfer among the patients who received contrast when compared to non contrast group (22 vs 17 days respectively) however this was not statistically significant (p 0.699). There was no significant change in creatinine post contrast exposure compared to the non-contrast group. Interestingly, need for permanent RRT was noticed to be increased in patients who had non-contrast CT compared to the contrast group (4.2% vs 0.7%, respectively). Subsequent treatment change was needed in 9 patients (6.6%) who received contrast and 7 patients (5.9%) in non-contrast group (p 0.822). CT scan was able to yield positive results half the time (50%) in both contrast and non-contrast group. Of note, patients who had non-contrast CT had a slightly higher need for repeat imaging with IV contrast. Conclusion: CT imaging remains the standard of care for diagnosing many of the complications associated with hematologic malignancies such as pulmonary embolus, atypical pulmonary infection and neutropenic enteritis. Patients with AML are prone to develop AKI for numerous reasons. It is important to note that even if it was only a small number of patients who had a need for permanent RRT in our study it was higher in the setting of no contrast exposure, emphasizing the vulnerability of this subgroup of patients to AKI. Even though no permanent unfavorable outcome was associated with IV contrast exposure in our study, any intervention that could potentially increase the risk of AKI still warrants caution and it may be reasonable to start with a non-contrast CT as an initial diagnostic tool. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Grating based X-ray phase contrast CT imaging with iterative reconstruction algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 054202
Author(s):  
Qi Jun-Cheng ◽  
Chen Rong-Chang ◽  
Liu Bin ◽  
Chen Ping ◽  
Du Guo-Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Contrast Ct

scholarly journals Dual Energy Differential Phase Contrast CT (DE-DPC-CT) Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 3278-3289
Author(s):  
Xu Ji ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Guang-Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Differential Phase ◽  
Differential Phase Contrast ◽  
Contrast Ct

Abstract 19973: Dynamic Thallium-201 SPECT/CT Provides Quantitative Index of Myocardial Flow and Viability: Validation in Porcine Post-Myocardial Infarction Model

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L Thorn ◽  
Mitchel R Stacy ◽  
Alda Bregasi ◽  
Jin C Paeng ◽  
Vahid A Tavakoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Thallium 201 ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
List Mode ◽  
Quantitative Index ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Introduction: Thallium-201 (Tl-201) SPECT imaging is routinely used to evaluate relative myocardial perfusion and/or viability. In this study, we have evaluated Tl-201 kinetics in a porcine model of myocardial infarction (MI) with dynamic imaging on a hybrid SPECT/CT system. Methods: Tl-201 SPECT and contrast CT imaging were performed on hybrid SPECT/64-slice CT (GE Discovery NM/CT 570c) in Yorkshire pigs (n=5) one week following a 90 min balloon occlusion of the LAD below the first diagonal branch. Tl-201 (83-158 MBq) was injected after the initiation of a 900s list-mode acquisition. The list-mode data was reconstructed with MLEM using 30 iterations creating 23 frames (12 x 10s; 6 x 30s; 5 x 120s). Reconstructed dynamic SPECT data was analyzed using FlowquantTM semi-automated analysis software with a 1-compartment model. K1 (index of flow) and k2 (index of viability) were assessed within a 17-segment model of the left ventricle. Four segments within the central infarcted LAD territory were compared to six segments of the contralateral inferolateral wall. The same segments were analyzed for wall thickening from ECG-gated contrast CT scans using centerline approach (GE AW Cardiac Function Xpress). Results: K1 was significantly decreased in the MI vs contralateral normal regions (0.52 ± 0.17 vs 0.61 ± 0.16 ml/min/g, p<0.02). K2 an index of tissue viability was significantly increased in the MI region (0.42 ± 0.19 vs 0.32 ± 0.12 /min, p<0.04), reflecting accelerated Tl-201 washout in MI. Wall thickening in the same MI region was significantly decreased (0.33 ± 1.5 mm vs 3.3 ± 1.9 mm, p<0.005). Conclusions: Dynamic Tl-201 SPECT/CT imaging provides a quantitative index of both myocardial flow and viability using a 1-compartment model. This preliminary pre-clinical demonstrates the potential for dynamic Tl-201 SPECT imaging to quantify myocardial viability early post-MI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document