PHARPA, A NEW GENUS OF NEOTROPICAL AGATHIDINAE (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) WITH A DISCUSSION OF PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (12) ◽  
pp. 1231-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Southern Mexico

AbstractThe genus Pharpa is erected to include three species of Braconidae in the subfamily Agathidinae, viz. P. dubiosum (Szépligeti), P. basimacula (Cameron), and P. simulatrix (Cameron) all new combinations. Microdus albitarsis Cameron is newly synonymized with P. basimacula (Cameron). The genus Pharpa is distributed widely throughout the neotropics from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. Phylogenetic relationships with other agathidine genera are discussed, as is the possibility that the various species represent a polytypic, conspecific, mimetic complex.

scholarly journals Taxonomic Studies of Some often Over-Looked Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Shi-Ke ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
Ausana Mapook ◽  
Sajeewa S.N. Maharachchikumbura ◽  
D. Jayarama Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Abstract Sordariomycetes is an earlier and one of the widely distributed class of Ascomycota. The class was initially classified based on morphology in having inoperculate and unitunicate asci. With the development of DNA based phylogenetic analysis, several undetermined or polyphyletic members of Sordariomycetes were reclassified. However, not all species belonging to this class have been sequenced and analyzed. There are a number of species, especially those old and poorly studied ones which have never been sequenced before and not even recollected again for further taxonomic verification. One of the main objective in this study is to revise and update the taxonomy of several well-known old and poorly studied species whose classification are still obscure. Herein, we re-examined the type materials and/or authentic specimens together to explore 74 relatively poorly-studied genera, which mainly belong to Boliniales, Calosphaeriales, Chaetosphaeriales, Jobellisiales, and Sordariales classified under Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae. We provide descriptions, notes, figures and/or drawings and discussed their phylogenetic relationships. As a result, the monotypic Jobellisiales is transferred from Hypocreomycetidae to Diaporthomycetidae. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the polyphyletic Lasiosphaeriaceae is divided into five families, Bombardiaceae (Apodospora, Bombardia, Bombardioidea and Fimetariella), Lasiosphaeriaceae (Anopodium, Bellojisia, Corylomyces, Lasiosphaeria, Mammaria and Zopfiella), Lasiosphaeridaceae (Lasiosphaeris), Strattoniaceae (Strattonia) and Zygospermellaceae (Episternus and Zygospermella). In addition, a new family Neoschizotheciaceae is established based on Neoschizothecium. Analysis of the type species of Boothiella, Stellatospora, Sulcatistroma and Tengiomyces placed them in Sordariaceae, Chaetomiaceae, Hypocreales and Coronophorales, respectively. We classify the genera lacking molecular data based on their morphology and expect them to be recollected; that is, Kacosphaeria in Calosphaeriales; Arnium, Biconiosporella, Camptosphaeria, Diffractella, Emblemospora, Eosphaeria, Periamphispora, Ramophialophora, Synaptospora and Tripterosporella in Sordariales; Conidiotheca in Sordariomycetes; Copromyces, Effetia, Endophragmiella and Tulipispora are accommodated in Ascomycota. Besides, we establish a new genus Neoschizothecium based on phylogenetic analysis. New combinations proposed include: Camaropella amorpha, Cam. microspora, Cam. plana, Cladorrhinum grandiusculum, Cla. leucotrichum, Cla. terricola, Cla. olerum, Helminthosphaeria plumbea, Immersiella hirta, Jugulospora minor, Lasiosphaeris arenicola, Neoschizothecium aloides, Neo. carpinicola, Neo. conicum, Neo. curvisporum, Neo. fimbriatum, Neo. glutinans, Neo. inaequale, Neo. minicaudum, Neo. selenosporum, Neo. tetrasporum, Neurospora autosteira, Podospora brunnescens, P. flexuosa, P. jamaicensis, P. hamata, P. macrospora, P. spinosa, Strattonia petrogale and Triangularia microsclerotigena, T. nannopodalis, T. praecox, T. samala, T. tarvisina, T. unicaudata, T. yaeyamensis. New epithets are proposed for Apiorhynchostoma apiosporum and Podospora dacryoidea.

Phylogenetic Relationships Within and Delimitation of the Cosmopolitan Flowering Plant Genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae): Core Stars and Fallen Stars

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew T. Sharples ◽  
Erin A. Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Stable Estimate

Abstract—Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae, tribe Alsineae) is a cosmopolitan genus of herbaceous plants that heretofore has lacked a stable estimate of total number of species. Here, we attempted to sample all species currently recognized under the name Stellaria to determine which belong to a core Stellaria genus versus which are masquerading under this name and are instead more closely related to one of several outgroup lineages. Phylogenetic relationships inferred with RAD loci were recovered with generally high levels of support, regardless of age of specimens (here up to 98 yr) utilized for molecular work. Analyses resolved a monophyletic, core radiation of Stellaria that is sister to Cerastium and others. Within core Stellaria, of which we sampled ca. 87% of species, we recovered five primary lineages. However, current infrageneric hypotheses are incongruous with phylogenomic data, and most morphology-based infrageneric hypotheses break down in light of these results. Outside of core Stellaria we recovered numerous other species currently ascribed to Stellaria that are in need of revised generic placement. Based on current results, however, we propose several new taxonomic and nomenclatural renovations within core Stellaria and external to this group as contribution towards stabilization of generic boundaries in Alsineae. These modifications include description of a new genus of Caryophyllaceae from eastern Asia, Nubelaria, as well description of a new genus, Rabelera, to accommodate the lineage previously and more widely known as Stellaria holostea. Nine new combinations are proposed in the genera Adenonema, Cerastium, Mesostemma, Nubelaria, Rabelera, and core Stellaria. Additionally, one new status, one new synonymy, and lectotypes for four species are proposed. We estimate core Stellaria to consist of approximately 112 species, a decrease from many other published species counts. Our results lay a robust foundation for future evolutionary, phylogenetic, and morphological comparisons within Stellaria and among relatives.

A REVIEW OF THE SPECIES OF NITIDOTACHINUS NEW GENUS (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE: TACHYPORINAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractA new genus, Nitidotachinus, is described in the subfamily Tachyporinae (Staphylinidae) to include the species formerly placed in the Tachyporoides and Impunctatus groups of Tachinus Gravenhorst and Tachinus excellens Bernhauer. The new genus includes 10 species, all previously described, from North America, Japan, China, and Taiwan. All major diagnostic characters for the genus are compared with those of Tachinus and illustrated with scanning electron photomicrographs or line drawings. The following new combinations are created by transferring the species from Tachinus to the new genus Nitidotachinus: N. adachii (Watanabe and Shibata), N. agilis (Horn), N. excellens (Bernhauer), N. horni (Campbell), N. impunctatus (Sharp), N. lanei (Hatch), N. sawadai (Watanabe and Shibata), N. scrutator (Gemminger and Harold), N. tachyporoides (Horn), and N. taiwanensis (Shibata).The 10 species of the genus are redescribed; the aedeagus is illustrated for all species, except N. excellens Bernhauer, known only from a unique female. A key is provided to aid in distinguishing the species and the phylogenetic relationships of the species of the genus are discussed.

scholarly journals Reflections on Menisporopsis, Multiguttulispora and Tainosphaeria Using Molecular and Morphological Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Martina Réblová ◽  
Jana Nekvindová ◽  
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
New Combinations

The genera Menisporopsis, Multiguttulispora and Tainosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae) are saprobes inhabiting decaying plant material. This study is based on an integrated morpho-molecular characterisation to assess their generic concepts and explore phylogenetic relationships. Menisporopsis is revealed as polyphyletic, and species with 1-septate conidia and synnemata growing unilaterally along the seta are placed in the new segregate genus Arcuatospora. Codinaea dimorpha and C. triseptata are shown to be congeneric with Multiguttulispora sympodialis, the type species. Two new combinations are proposed: M. sympodialis is found conspecific with M. dimorpha. The Tainosphaeria complex is resolved into three genera. We found that the morphological separation of three groups within the genus is consistent with phylogenetic relationships. Tainosphaeria s. str. is accepted with five species. Tainosphaeria aseptata and T. lunata are transferred to the newly erected Phialoturbella, whereas T. obclavata is revealed as conspecific with Phialogeniculata guadalcanalensis, reducing it to a synonym. A new genus Flectospora is erected for a chloridium-like fungus nested in the Tainosphaeria clade. Based on molecular evidence, we show that asymmetrical, scolecosporous ascospores are a unique teleomorphic characteristic among family members. Therefore, we propose new combinations for Chaetosphaeria hispida in Paragaeumannomyces and Ch. spinosa in the new genus Ericiosphaeria, both exhibiting this rare morphotype.

Aldebarania arenitea, a new genus and species of Astropectinidae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) Peedee Formation of North Carolina

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Blake ◽  
Keith Sturgeon
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Shallow Water Environment

Aldebarania arenitea (Astropectinidae; Asteroidea; Echinodermata) is described from the Rocky Point Member of the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) Peedee Formation of North Carolina. A turbulent, shallow-water environment is suggested by sedimentary features, a diverse marine fauna, and the morphology of Aldebarania. Aldebarania appears to be a partial ecological equivalent of living Astropecten and Luidia; however, phylogenetic relationships within the Astropectinidae are unstudied and the origin of similarities is unknown.

Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER B. HEENAN ◽  
ROB D. SMISSEN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

The generic taxonomy of the Nothofagaceae is revised. We present a new phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters and map these characters onto a recently published phylogenetic tree obtained from DNA sequence data. Results of these and previous analyses strongly support the monophyly of four clades of Nothofagaceae that are currently treated as subgenera of Nothofagus. The four clades of Nothofagaceae are robust and well-supported, with deep stem divergences, have evolutionary equivalence with other genera of Fagales, and can be circumscribed with morphological characters. We argue that these morphological and molecular differences are sufficient for the four clades of Nothofagaceae to be recognised at the primary rank of genus, and that this classification will be more informative and efficient than the currently circumscribed Nothofagus with four subgenera.        Nothofagus is recircumscribed to include five species from southern South America, Lophozonia and Trisyngyne are reinstated, and the new genus Fuscospora is described. Fuscospora and Lophozonia, with six and seven species respectively, occur in New Zealand, southern South America and Australia. Trisyngyne comprises 25 species from New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. New combinations are provided where necessary in each of these genera.

Sinalliaria, a new genus of Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Zhou ◽  
HONG-WEI ZHANG ◽  
JIANG-QIN HU ◽  
Xiao-Feng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Seed Testa

Sinalliaria is described here as a new genus of the family Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on the morphological characters and molecular sequences. Sinalliaria differs from the related genus Orychophragmus in having basal leaves petiolate, simple or rarely with 1‒3 lateral lobes (not pinnatisect); cauline leaves petiolate, cordate at base (not sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul at base); petals obovate to narrowly obovate, claw inconspicuous (not broadly obovate, with a claw as along as sepal); siliques truncate (not long-beaked) at apex. The microscopic characters of seed testa also show significant differences between Sinalliaria and Orychophragmus. Phylogenetic evidence from DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid region trnL-trnF indicates that Sinalliaria is a distinct group related to Orychophragmus and Raphanus, but these three genera do not form a clade. The new genus Sinalliaria is endemic to eastern China and has only one species and one variety. The new combinations, S. limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang and S. limprichtiana var. grandifolia (Z. X. An) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang are proposed here.

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