UNISEXUAL BROODS IN THE GALL MIDGE CYSTIPHORA SONCHI (BREMI) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE)

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. McClay
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Single Larva

The gall midge Cystiphora sonchi (Bremi) has been released and established in Alberta and other Canadian provinces as a biological control agent for the introduced weed perennial sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) (Peschken et al. 1989). Cystiphora sonchi oviposits in the expanding leaves of S. arvensis (DeClerck-Floate and Steeves 1995), where the-larvae form pustule galls, each containing a single larva. They pupate in a cocoon in the gall or sometimes in the soil after exiting from their galls. Adults are short-lived (usually 1 day or less) and do not feed (Peschken 1982). Under field conditions in Alberta, C. sonchi produces three generations a year (Peschken et al. 1989)

CYSTIPHORA SONCHI (BREMI) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE), A NEW BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT ESTABLISHED ON THE WEED PERENNIAL SOW-THISTLE (SONCHUS ARVENSIS L.) (COMPOSITAE) IN CANADA

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (9) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Peschken ◽  
A.S. McClay ◽  
J.L. Derby ◽  
R. DeClerck
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

AbstractAspects of the biology of Cystiphora sonchi (Bremi) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) were investigated and releases were made on perennial sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) (Compositae) in six provinces of Canada. Fecundity, determined by dissection of newly emerged females, averaged 86.2 eggs. Cystiphora sonchi became established in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Nova Scotia, and produced three generations at Vegreville, Alberta. In fall, mature larvae enter the soil, and most can pupate in temperatures of 4 °C. The gall fly thrives in shady and sunny locations. Cattle caused considerable fly mortality by feeding on galled leaves of perennial sow-thistle. Extremely dry or moist soils reduced the number of adults that emerged from pupation and extremely moist soils increased the lengths of the pupation periods. Flooding caused greater mortality of pupae than of larvae but 2% of the larvae survived flooding up to 8 weeks.

Microsatellite isolation from the gall midge Spurgia capitigena (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a biological control agent of leafy spurge

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
CASANDRA J. LLOYD ◽  
ANDREW P. NORTON ◽  
RUTH A. HUFBAUER ◽  
STEVEN M. BOGDANOWICZ ◽  
SCOTT J. NISSEN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Microsatellite Isolation

Biology of Bucculatrix parthenica Bradley sp. n. (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) and its establishment in Australia as a biological control agent for Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. McClay ◽  
R. E. McFadyen ◽  
J. D. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Leaf Miners

AbstractBucculatrix parthenica Bradley sp. n., a moth native to Mexico, is described. It has been released and established in Queensland, Australia, as a biological control agent for its host plant, Parthenium hysterophorus. The moth oviposits on leaves of its host. First and second instar larvae are leaf miners, and later instars feed externally on the leaves. The life cycle occupies about 25 days under field conditions. B. parthenica was narrowly oligophagous in host-specificity tests. In Mexico the insect is scarce but in Queensland it has become abundant enough to cause extensive defoliation of its host plant at some sites. Its rapid increase in Queensland is attributed to the absence of parasitism.

Effects of photoperiod on induction of diapause in Feltiella acarisuga (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Gillespie ◽  
D.M.J. Quiring
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Predatory Gall Midge

AbstractLarvae of the predatory gall midge Feltiella acarisuga (Vallot) diapaused as prepupae in tightly woven, brown, silk cells on leaf surfaces. Photoperiod alone, at day lengths from 16 to 8 h did not induce diapause at either 20 or 25 °C. A low incidence of diapause was induced by a combined photoperiod and thermoperiod of an 8-h day at 25 °C and a 16-h night at 15 °C. The incidence of diapause was higher under these conditions if the larvae were fed diapausing spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Because F. acarisuga only diapauses at daylengths equivalent to mid-winter, when its prey, T. urticae, is also in diapause, it can be used as a biological control agent for T. urticae in British Columbia greenhouses throughout most of the growing season.

scholarly journals A new report of three parasitoids of the cogongrass gall-midge Orseolia javanica Kieffer & Van Leeuwen-Reijnvaan (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Bogor West Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
M N Maqalina ◽  
I S Harahap ◽  
P Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
West Java ◽  
Population Collapse

Abstract The cogongrass gall midge, Orseolia javanica, has been identified as a biological control agent with the ability to specifically attack cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) or known in Indonesia as alang-alang. However, in the field, the cogongrass gall midge has a high parasitism by insect parasitoids, which could lead to population collapse. Information regarding the insect parasitoids of the cogongrass gall midge is a very limited. The objectives of this study was to describe and identify the new reported cogongrass gall midge parasitoids in Gunung Gadung cemetery in Cipaku, South Bogor District, Bogor. This study was conducted by taking the cogongrass galls in the field, maintaining in the laboratory, identificating the parasitoids, and calculating the percentage of parasitism. The study has been conducted from August 2020 to May 2021. Three new reported parasitoids were identified on O. javanica in addition to five already known parasitoid, they were Eurytoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Lamprotatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), and Nigeriella sp. (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae). These parasitoids may be able to reduce the effectiveness of the cogongrass gall-midge in controlling the cogongrass. Their morphological characters, descriptions, and percentage of parasitism are presented.

APHANOGMUS FULMEKI ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: CERAPHRONIDAE), A PARASITOID OF APHIDOLETES APHIDIMYZA RONDANI (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Gilkeson ◽  
J. P. McLean ◽  
P. Dessart
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Aphidoletes Aphidimyza ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Predatory Gall Midge

The predatory gall midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani 1847), is a biological control agent used worldwide to control aphids. Mass-production methods are well established in Canada, the Netherlands, England, Germany, Finland, and the former U.S.S.R. (cf. van Leiburg and Ramakers 1984). In early March 1991, after 6 years of massproduction of A. aphidimyza on a rapidly increasing scale, two minute adult hymenopterous parasitoids were observed eclosing from a sample of pupae at a commercial insectary in British Columbia. It is likely that the founding parasitoid individual(s) entered the greenhouse before winter, as parasitoids appeared too early in the year to have entered from outdoors at that time.

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