Microsatellite isolation from the gall midge Spurgia capitigena (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a biological control agent of leafy spurge

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
CASANDRA J. LLOYD ◽  
ANDREW P. NORTON ◽  
RUTH A. HUFBAUER ◽  
STEVEN M. BOGDANOWICZ ◽  
SCOTT J. NISSEN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Microsatellite Isolation

Effects of photoperiod on induction of diapause in Feltiella acarisuga (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Gillespie ◽  
D.M.J. Quiring
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Predatory Gall Midge

AbstractLarvae of the predatory gall midge Feltiella acarisuga (Vallot) diapaused as prepupae in tightly woven, brown, silk cells on leaf surfaces. Photoperiod alone, at day lengths from 16 to 8 h did not induce diapause at either 20 or 25 °C. A low incidence of diapause was induced by a combined photoperiod and thermoperiod of an 8-h day at 25 °C and a 16-h night at 15 °C. The incidence of diapause was higher under these conditions if the larvae were fed diapausing spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Because F. acarisuga only diapauses at daylengths equivalent to mid-winter, when its prey, T. urticae, is also in diapause, it can be used as a biological control agent for T. urticae in British Columbia greenhouses throughout most of the growing season.

AnAlternariasp. on Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Krupinsky ◽  
Russell J. Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Representative Strain

In 1979 and 1980, isolates ofAlternariawere obtained from diseased leafy spurge (Euphorbia esulaL.) plants. The pathogenicity of anAlternariasp. towards leafy spurge was demonstrated in glasshouse and limited field studies, and theAlternariais considered to be a potential biological - control agent for leafy spurge. The pathogenicity and cultural characteristics of the fungus suggest its classification asA. tenuissimaf. sp.euphorbiae,with isolate Krupinsky 80-3547ss4 (= E. G. Simmons 35-079) as a representative strain.

scholarly journals A new report of three parasitoids of the cogongrass gall-midge Orseolia javanica Kieffer & Van Leeuwen-Reijnvaan (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Bogor West Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
M N Maqalina ◽  
I S Harahap ◽  
P Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
West Java ◽  
Population Collapse

Abstract The cogongrass gall midge, Orseolia javanica, has been identified as a biological control agent with the ability to specifically attack cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) or known in Indonesia as alang-alang. However, in the field, the cogongrass gall midge has a high parasitism by insect parasitoids, which could lead to population collapse. Information regarding the insect parasitoids of the cogongrass gall midge is a very limited. The objectives of this study was to describe and identify the new reported cogongrass gall midge parasitoids in Gunung Gadung cemetery in Cipaku, South Bogor District, Bogor. This study was conducted by taking the cogongrass galls in the field, maintaining in the laboratory, identificating the parasitoids, and calculating the percentage of parasitism. The study has been conducted from August 2020 to May 2021. Three new reported parasitoids were identified on O. javanica in addition to five already known parasitoid, they were Eurytoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Lamprotatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), and Nigeriella sp. (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae). These parasitoids may be able to reduce the effectiveness of the cogongrass gall-midge in controlling the cogongrass. Their morphological characters, descriptions, and percentage of parasitism are presented.

Population Dynamics and Impacts of the Red-Headed Leafy Spurge Stem Borer on Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Progar ◽  
George Markin ◽  
Joseph Milan ◽  
Tom Barbouletos ◽  
Matthew J. Rinella
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
And Control

AbstractWe evaluated the efficacy of the biological control agent, red-headed leafy spurge stem borer, against the nonnative invasive plant leafy spurge. Our three treatments were release of the biological control agent into uncaged plots, release of the biological control agent into plots caged to prevent agent escape, and control plots caged to prevent agent entry. These treatments were replicated three times at six sites in the western United States. We measured leafy spurge biomass for 1 or 2 yr following release. We also measured the percentage of leafy spurge stems showing evidence of red-headed leafy spurge stem borer oviposition for either 1 or 2 yr following agent release, depending on the site. Red-headed leafy spurge stem borer did not demonstrably reduce leafy spurge biomass in our study. Moreover, compared to the release year, evidence of red-headed leafy spurge stem borer oviposition declined with time, suggesting the agent population was diminishing. This suggests the agent is incapable of building large populations capable of controlling leafy spurge at the sites we studied. However, after being released, populations of biological control agents sometimes go through long lag phases and then begin rapid population increases, so we cannot completely dismiss the possibility that red-headed leafy spurge stem borer might become effective given more time.

scholarly journals Utilization of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) by Sheep

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara K. Landgraf ◽  
Peter K. Fay ◽  
Kris M. Havstad
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Grazing Behavior

The forage selection and grazing behavior of sheep in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L. ♯3 EPHES)-infested pastures was examined in a 3-month grazing study conducted during the summer, 1981. No definite preference for or avoidance of leafy spurge was detected. An initial 1- to 3-week avoidance was observed, followed by a steady increase in leafy spurge consumption. A maximum intake of 40 to 50% of the diet per animal was observed. Weight gain by ewes in pastures infested with leafy spurge was not significantly different from weight gain by ewes in pastures free of leafy spurge. Results from these studies indicate that leafy spurge may be classified as a forage for sheep. Sheep will consume a significant amount of vegetation while suffering neither harmful internal effects nor a significant loss of body weight. Sheep can be considered an effective biological control agent for leafy spurge.

UNISEXUAL BROODS IN THE GALL MIDGE CYSTIPHORA SONCHI (BREMI) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE)

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. McClay
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Single Larva

The gall midge Cystiphora sonchi (Bremi) has been released and established in Alberta and other Canadian provinces as a biological control agent for the introduced weed perennial sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) (Peschken et al. 1989). Cystiphora sonchi oviposits in the expanding leaves of S. arvensis (DeClerck-Floate and Steeves 1995), where the-larvae form pustule galls, each containing a single larva. They pupate in a cocoon in the gall or sometimes in the soil after exiting from their galls. Adults are short-lived (usually 1 day or less) and do not feed (Peschken 1982). Under field conditions in Alberta, C. sonchi produces three generations a year (Peschken et al. 1989)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document