Jogging Kinematics After Lumbar Paraspinal Muscle Fatigue

Abstract Context: Isolated lumbar paraspinal muscle fatigue causes lower extremity and postural control deficits. Objective: To describe the change in body position during gait after fatiguing lumbar extension exercises in persons with recurrent episodes of low back pain compared with healthy controls. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Motion analysis laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-five recreationally active participants with a history of recurrent episodes of low back pain, matched by sex, height, and mass with 25 healthy controls. Intervention(s): We measured 3-dimensional lower extremity and trunk kinematics before and after fatiguing isometric lumbar paraspinal exercise. Main Outcome Measure(s): Measurements were taken while participants jogged on a custom-built treadmill surrounded by a 10-camera motion analysis system. Results: Group-by-time interactions were observed for lumbar lordosis and trunk angles (P < .05). A reduced lumbar spine extension angle was noted, reflecting a loss of lordosis and an increase in trunk flexion angle, indicating increased forward trunk lean, in healthy controls after fatiguing lumbar extension exercise. In contrast, persons with a history of recurrent low back pain exhibited a slight increase in spine extension, indicating a slightly more lordotic position of the lumbar spine, and a decrease in trunk flexion angles after fatiguing exercise. Regardless of group, participants experienced, on average, greater peak hip extension after lumbar paraspinal fatigue. Conclusions: Small differences in response may represent a necessary adaptation used by persons with recurrent low back pain to preserve gait function by stabilizing the spine and preventing inappropriate trunk and lumbar spine positioning.

Download Full-text

Landing Stiffness Between Individuals With and Without a History of Low Back Pain

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2017-0081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark A. Sutherlin ◽

L. Colby Mangum ◽

Shawn Russell ◽

Susan Saliba ◽

Jay Hertel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Previous History ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Low Back ◽

Vertical Stiffness ◽

Landing Mechanics ◽

History Of

Context: Reduced spinal stabilization, delayed onset of muscle activation, and increased knee joint stiffness have been reported in individuals with a history of low back pain (LBP). Biomechanical adaptations resulting from LBP may increase the risk for future injury due to suboptimal loading of the lower-extremity or lumbar spine. Assessing landing mechanics in these individuals could help identify which structures might be susceptible to future injury. Objective: To compare vertical and joint stiffness of the lower-extremity and lumbar spine between individuals with and without a previous history of LBP. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: There were 45 participants (24 without a previous history of LBP—age 23 [8] y, height 169.0 [8.5] cm, mass 69.8 [13.8] kg; 21 with a previous history of LBP—age 25[9] y, height 170.0 [8.0] cm, mass 70.2 [11.8] kg). Interventions: Single-limb landing trials on the dominant and nondominant limb from a 30-cm box. Main Outcome Measures: Vertical stiffness and joint stiffness of the ankle, knee, hip, and lumbar spine. Results: Individuals with a previous history of LBP had lower vertical stiffness (P = .04), but not joint stiffness measures compared with those without a previous history of LBP (P > .05). Overall females had lower vertical (P = .01), ankle (P = .02), and hip stiffness (P = .04) compared with males among all participants. Males with a previous history of LBP had lower vertical stiffness compared with males without a previous history LBP (P = .01). Among all individuals without a previous history of LBP, females had lower vertical (P < .01) and ankle stiffness measures (P = .04) compared with males. Conclusions: Landing stiffness may differ among males and females and a previous history of LBP. Comparisons between individuals with and without previous LBP should be considered when assessing landing strategies, and future research should focus on how LBP impacts landing mechanics.

Download Full-text

Self-Myofascial Release of the Superficial Back Line Improves Sit-and-Reach Distance

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2018-0306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 400-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Whitney Williams ◽

Noelle M. Selkow

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Low Back ◽

Myofascial Release ◽

Plantar Surface ◽

The Past ◽

Plantar Aspect ◽

History Of ◽

Hamstring Flexibility

Context: Decreased hamstring flexibility can lead to a plethora of musculoskeletal injuries, including low back pain, hamstring strains, and patellofemoral pain. Lack of flexibility may be the result of myofascial adhesions. The fascia connected to the hamstrings is part of the superficial back line that runs from the cranium to the plantar aspect of the foot. Any disruption along this chain may limit the flexibility of the hamstring. Objective: To investigate if self-myofascial release (SMR) of the plantar surface of the foot in addition to the hamstring group was more effective at improving the flexibility of the hamstrings when compared with either intervention alone. Design: Cross-over study. Setting: Athletic training facility. Participants: Fifteen college students (5 males and 10 females; age: 20.9 [1.4] y, height: 173.1 [10.3] cm, mass: 80.0 [24.9] kg) who were not older than 30, with no history of low back pain or injury within the past 6 months, no history of leg pain or injury within the past 6 months, no current signs or symptoms of cervical or lumbar radicular pain, no current complaint of numbness or tingling in the lower-extremity, and no history of surgery in the lower-extremity or legs. Interventions: Each participant received each intervention separated by at least 96 hours in a randomized order: hamstring foam rolling, lacrosse ball on the plantar surface of the foot, and a combination of both. Main Outcome Measures: The sit-and-reach test evaluated hamstring flexibility of each participant before and immediately after each intervention. Results: There were no significant differences found among the SMR techniques on sit-and-reach distance (F2,41 = 2.7, P = .08, ). However, at least 20% of participants in each intervention improved sit-and-reach distance by 2.5 cm. Conclusions: SMR may improve sit-and-reach distance, but one technique of SMR does not seem to be superior to another.

Download Full-text

Atraumatic Bilateral Lumbar Pedicle Fractures in a Patient with Back Pain and History of Long- Term Bisphosphonate Therapy: A Case Report

Pain Management Case Reports ◽

10.36076/pmcr.2020/4/97 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

Alec L. Meleger

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Case Report ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Conservative Management ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽

Low Back ◽

History Of ◽

Lumbar Pedicle

of atypical femoral fractures is a known complication of chronic bisphosphonate therapy; however, the finding of atraumatic lumbar pedicle fractures without a prior history of spinal surgery or contralateral spondylolysis is rare. While a few cases of osteoporotic pedicle fractures associated with adjacent vertebral compression fractures have been reported, only a single case of isolated atraumatic bilateral pedicle fractures has been published in a patient who had been on chronic risedronate therapy of 10-year duration. Case Report: The present case report illustrates a 63-year-old man who developed isolated atraumatic bilateral lumbar pedicle fractures after 3 years and 5 months on alendronate treatment. The patient’s past medical history had been significant for osteoporosis with a lumbar spine T-score of -2.7. At the time of initial diagnosis, a comprehensive work-up for secondary causes of osteoporosis proved to be negative; this was followed by initiation of bisphosphonate treatment with 70 mg of alendronate once per week. Ten months after starting bisphosphonate therapy, he underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine for low back pain that had not responded to conservative management, with imaging not revealing any evidence of pedicle fractures or pedicle stress reaction. He was again seen in the spine clinic, for atraumatic exacerbation of his chronic low back pain with concurrent right lower extremity radiation, 6 months after stopping bisphosphonate therapy. Since the patient failed to respond to conservative management over the ensuing 6 months, a repeat MRI was obtained, which showed new acute/subacute bilateral L5 pedicle fractures. Conclusion: An isolated atraumatic lumbar pedicle fracture may be an additional type of atypical fracture associated with chronic bisphosphonate therapy in an osteoporotic patient. Key words: Chronic low back pain, bisphosphonate, alendronate, pedicle fracture Pain Medicine

Download Full-text

Hip and Lumbar Spine Physical Examination Findings in People Presenting With Low Back Pain, With or Without Lower Extremity Pain

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy ◽

10.2519/jospt.2017.6567 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 163-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Heidi Prather ◽

Abby Cheng ◽

Karen Steger-May ◽

Vaibhav Maheshwari ◽

Linda Van Dillen

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Physical Examination ◽

Low Back ◽

Lower Extremity Pain

Download Full-text

Transversus Abdominis Activation During a Side-Bridge Exercise Progression Is Similar in People with Recurrent Low Back Pain and Healthy Controls

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0b013e318247300f ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3106-3112 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Megan E. Himes ◽

Noelle M. Selkow ◽

Meghan A. Gore ◽

Joseph M. Hart ◽

Susan A. Saliba

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Transversus Abdominis ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Low Back ◽

Recurrent Low Back Pain

Download Full-text

Determining Physiological and Psychological Predictors of Time to Task Failure on a Virtual Reality S�rensen Test in Participants With and Without Recurrent Low Back Pain: Exploratory Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.10522 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Megan E Applegate ◽

Christopher R France ◽

David W Russ ◽

Samuel T Leitkam ◽

James S Thomas

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Test Performance ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Erector Spinae ◽

Low Back ◽

History Of ◽

Recurrent Low Back Pain

BACKGROUND Sørensen trunk extension endurance test performance predicts the development of low back pain and is a strong discriminator of those with and without low back pain. Performance may greatly depend on psychological factors, such as kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and motivation. Virtual reality video games have been used in people with low back pain to encourage physical activity that would otherwise be avoided out of fear of pain or harm. Accordingly, we developed a virtual reality video game to assess the influence of immersive gaming on the Sørensen test performance. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to determine the physiological and psychological predictors of time to task failure (TTF) on a virtual reality Sørensen test in participants with and without a history of recurrent low back pain. METHODS We recruited 24 individuals with a history of recurrent low back pain and 24 sex-, age-, and body mass index–matched individuals without a history of low back pain. Participants completed a series of psychological measures, including the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, Pain Resilience Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, and a self-efficacy measure. The maximal isometric strength of trunk and hip extensors and TTF on a virtual reality Sørensen test were measured. Electromyography of the erector spinae, gluteus maximus, and biceps femoris was recorded during the strength and endurance trials. RESULTS A two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in TTF between groups (P=.99), but there was a trend for longer TTF in females on the virtual reality Sørensen test (P=.06). Linear regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of TTF in each group. In healthy participants, the normalized median power frequency slope of erector spinae (beta=.450, P=.01), biceps femoris (beta=.400, P=.01), and trunk mass (beta=−.32, P=.02) predicted TTF. In participants with recurrent low back pain, trunk mass (beta=−.67, P<.001), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (beta=−.43, P=.01), and self-efficacy (beta=.35, P=.03) predicted TTF. CONCLUSIONS Trunk mass appears to be a consistent predictor of performance. Kinesiophobia appears to negatively influence TTF for those with a history of recurrent low back pain, but does not influence healthy individuals. Self-efficacy is associated with better performance in individuals with a history of recurrent low back pain, whereas a less steep median power frequency slope of the trunk and hip extensors is associated with better performance in individuals without a history of low back pain.

Download Full-text

Effects of crochet technique associated with kinesiotherapy in patients with chronic low back pain

Manual Therapy Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal ◽

10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2019.17.733 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Angélica Castilho Alonso ◽

Michele Figueira Nunes ◽

Flávia Domingues Alves ◽

Michele Oio Rodrigues de Souza ◽

Cristina Prota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Chronic Low Back Pain ◽

Daily Life ◽

Low Back ◽

Trunk Flexion ◽

Before And After ◽

Flexion And Extension ◽

Abdominal Strength

Background: The chronic low back pain (LBP) had been considered an important occupational disorder with several strategy available to treatment, however, few studies had been evaluated the treatment combination. Objectives: The aim of present study was compared the effects of combination of crocheting associated to Kinesiotherapy treatment and Kinesiotherapy isolated treatment on function of lumbar spine and pain during achievement of daily life in patients with chronic LBP. Methods: Forty subjects were distributed randomly in two groups: Crochetagem + Kinesioterapy (C; n: 18; 47.5 ± 7.75 years) and Kinesiotherapy (K, n: 18; 45.3 ± 8.93 years). The C group was treated by crocheting technique associated with kinesiotherapy using therapeutic ball. The K group performed a kinesiotherapy treatment using just a therapeutic ball. The following parameters were evaluated: abdominal strength, articular range motion and the data of Rolland Morris and Oswestry Disability Index questionnaires were evaluated before and after 8 weeks of treatment. Both groups performed all therapeutic sessions for 50 minutes, three times a week. Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) were found just on time to trunk flexion and extension, right and left lateral trunk, pain and abdominal strength. However, significant differences on time (p<0.05) was found on Rolland Morris and Oswestry data questionaries parameters just on C group, additionally the values of C group were lower than K group after treatment. Conclusion: Both kinesiotherapy isolated and association of crocheting and kinesiotherapy were useful to improve functional parameters, however the data from Rolland Morris and Oswestry questionaries were lower just on crocheting associated to kinesiotherapy group indicating increment on function of lumbar spine and decrease on pain during achievement of daily life.

Download Full-text