scholarly journals Treatment utilisation and trauma characteristics of child and adolescent inpatients with posttraumatic stress disorder

Curationis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Traut ◽  
D. Kaminer ◽  
D. Boshoff ◽  
S. Seedat ◽  
S. Hawkridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Treatment Utilisation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adolescent Inpatients

Objective. Few empirical studies have addressed the impact of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on treatment utilisation and outcome in South African youth. This study was undertaken to document demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of child and adolescent inpatients with PTSD. Design. A retrospective chart study of all patients presenting to a child and adolescent inpatient unit was conducted between 1994-1996. For children and adolescents diagnosed with PTSD; demographic, diagnostic and treatment variables, including trauma type, family history, and delays in treatment seeking, were documented. Setting. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Unit, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town. Subjects. Children and adolescents (2 to 18 years) presenting to an inpatient unit (n=737). Results. 10.3% (n=76) met diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Gender differences were clearly evident: PTSD was six times more prevalent in girls (65 with PTSD were female and 11 were male); girls were most likely to have experienced rape or sexual abuse while boys were most likely to have witnessed a killing. Psychotherapy was the most common intervention for PTSD, followed by treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant. 97.4% of children and adolescents who were treated demonstrated significant improvement. Delays in seeking treatment and problems with the primary support group were highly prevalent. Conclusion. PTSD is a common disorder that is responsive to treatment with psychotherapy and/or tricyclic antidepressants in child and adolescent inpatients. These findings underscore the importance of early identification and treatment of childhood PTSD in mental health settings, in particular tertiary service institutions.

scholarly journals Treatment utilisation and trauma characteristics of child and adolescent inpatients with posttraumatic stress disorder

Curationis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Traut
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
South African ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Treatment Utilisation ◽  
African Youth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adolescent Inpatients

Objective. Few empirical studies have addressed the impact of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on treatment utilisation and outcome in South African youth. This study was undertaken to document demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of child and adolescent inpatients with PTSD.

scholarly journals Predictive validity of acute stress disorder in children and adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Dalgleish ◽  
Richard Meiser-Stedman ◽  
Nancy Kassam-Adams ◽  
Anke Ehlers ◽  
Flaura Winston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Unique Variance

SummaryAdult research suggests that the dissociation criterion of acute stress disorder has limited validity in predicting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We addressed this issue in child and adolescent survivors (n=367) of road accidents. Dissociation accounted for no significant unique variance in later PTSD, over and above other acute stress disorder criteria. Furthermore, thresholds of either three or more re-experiencing symptoms, or six or more re-experiencing/hyperarousal symptoms, were as effective at predicting PTSD as the full acute stress disorder diagnosis.

Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Olde ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Onno van der Hart ◽  
Victor J.M. Pop
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy of 1,044 inpatients with posttraumatic stress disorder: current status and trends in German-speaking countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias A. Reinhard ◽  
Johanna Seifert ◽  
Timo Greiner ◽  
Sermin Toto ◽  
Stefan Bleich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Inpatient Settings ◽  
Prescription Rates

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder with limited approved pharmacological treatment options and high symptom burden. Therefore, real-life prescription patterns may differ from guideline recommendations, especially in psychiatric inpatient settings. The European Drug Safety Program in Psychiatry (“Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie”, AMSP) collects inpatients’ prescription rates cross-sectionally twice a year in German-speaking psychiatric hospitals. For this study, the AMSP database was screened for psychiatric inpatients with a primary diagnosis of PTSD between 2001 and 2017. N = 1,044 patients with a primary diagnosis of PTSD were identified with 89.9% taking psychotropics. The average prescription rate was 2.4 (standard deviation: 1.5) psychotropics per patient with high rates of antidepressant drugs (72.0%), antipsychotics drugs (58.4%) and tranquilizing drugs (29.3%). The presence of psychiatric comorbidities was associated with higher rates of psychotropic drug use. The most often prescribed substances were quetiapine (24.1% of all patients), lorazepam (18.1%) and mirtazapine (15.0%). The use of drugs approved for PTSD was low (sertraline 11.1%; paroxetine 3.7%). Prescription rates of second-generation antipsychotic drugs increased, while the use of tranquilizing drugs declined over the years. High prescription rates and extensive use of sedative medication suggest a symptom-driven prescription (e.g., hyperarousal, insomnia) that can only be explained to a minor extent by existing comorbidities. The observed discrepancy with existing guidelines underlines the need for effective pharmacological and psychological treatment options in psychiatric inpatient settings.

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