scholarly journals Exploring the efficacy of melodic intonation therapy with Broca’s aphasia in Arabic

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid G. Al-Shdifat ◽  
Jawdat Sarsak ◽  
Fatoon A. Ghareeb
Keyword(s):  
Arab Countries ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Jordanian Arabic ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Melodic Intonation Therapy ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Bilingual Aphasia ◽  
Arabic Speaking

Background: Even though the efficacy of melodic intonation therapy (MIT) with persons with aphasia (PWA) has been explored in different languages, the efficacy of MIT with Arabic-speaking PWA has never been explored. Aims: To explore the efficacy of MIT, adapted to Arabic, in promoting the expressive abilities of a 70-year-old Jordanian Arabic-speaking male subject with severe Broca’s aphasia 3 months post-onset. Methods: An 8-week MIT therapy programme with tapping (1.5 h daily, 6 days a week) was used in a multiple baseline design across two types of trained phrases (i.e. automatic and self-generated phrases). Outcome measures included accuracy of production of trained (at the end of each session) and untrained phrases (at the end of each week). Pre- and post-treatment measures used, were the bilingual aphasia test, the American Speech-Language Hearing Association Functional Assessment of Communicative Skills, the communicative effectiveness index and the American Speech and Hearing Association Quality of Communication Life Scale. Accuracy of production for the trained and untrained phrases was also measured 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the treatment programme was finished. Results: The patient, (MK), improved his expressive productions post-treatment in automatic and self-generated phrases. Automatic phrases exceeded the established 75% accuracy criterion, whereas the self-generated phrases reached criterion and remained constant at follow-up. Moreover, MK gradually started improving on the generalisation stimuli, once the treatment on the self-generated phrases started and maintained the gains 2 weeks and 4 weeks post-treatment. Conclusion: MIT appears to be a viable treatment option for Jordanian Arabic-speaking persons with Broca’s aphasia. However, more research is needed with larger groups of Jordanian Arabic-speaking persons with Broca’s aphasia to provide more support to the present findings. Moreover, future studies might focus on the efficacy of MIT with persons with Broca’s aphasia from different Arab countries and from countries where Arabic is part of the multicultural structure like South Africa and other countries on the African continent.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Melodic Intonation Therapy to Greek: A Clinical Study in Broca’s Aphasia With Brain Perfusion SPECT Validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Martzoukou ◽  
Anastasia Nousia ◽  
Grigorios Nasios ◽  
Spyridon Tsiouris
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Melodic Intonation Therapy ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia

Melodic intonation therapy (MIT) is one of the most well-known treatment methods which is based on pitch and rhythm and was developed to increase verbal output in adults with non-fluent aphasia. Although MIT has been adapted to several languages, in Greece it is almost unknown. The aim of the proposed study is twofold: (1) to translate and adapt the MIT to the Greek language, and (2) to conduct an experimental study in order to examine the effect of MIT on Greek patients with Broca’s aphasia. To this aim, a 64-year-old, right-handed male who had a 6-year primary school education level, no musical abilities and poor performance on the recognition of prosody attended the MIT intervention program almost two and a half years after the event of suffering an ischemic stroke. The MIT intervention was administered three times per week for a 12-week period, in which each session lasted from 30 to 40 min. The patient underwent three assessments all using both the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination–Short Form (BDAE-SF) and brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); (1) before the MIT, (2) immediately after, and (3) 3 months after the completion of MIT. The results from the BDAE-SF revealed an impressive improvement on both trained and prepositional speech production, immediately after the completion of the MIT, and a stable improved performance 3 months after MIT. The SPECT scan revealed reactivation of the perilesional areas of the left hemisphere, and considerably improved perfusion of the frontal lobe, the anterior temporal lobe, and the upper part of the parietal lobe of the right hemisphere. The improvement persisted and even expanded 3 months after MIT. Therefore, MIT is a promising intervention program and its positive effects last for at least 3 months after the completion of the intervention.

Differential and selective morpho-syntactic impairment in Spanish-Basque bilingual aphasia

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMAIA MUNARRIZ ◽  
MARIA-JOSÉ EZEIZABARRENA ◽  
M. JUNCAL GUTIERREZ-MANGADO
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Language Effects ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Bilingual Aphasia ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Syntactic Cues ◽  
Selective Impairment

This paper reports on the comprehension of movement-derived structures by a Spanish-Basque bilingual with chronic Broca's aphasia. The study reveals adifferential impairmentwhich affects mostly Basque and aselective impairmentin this language that affects only object questions and subject relatives. The impairment pattern observed is discussed in light of the predictions made by different representational and processing accounts for (monolingual as well as bilingual) Spanish and Basque agrammatism.The asymmetry observed between the two languages suggests that the patient resorts to language-specific morpho-syntactic cues, which cannot be transferred from one language to the other because of the typological distance between Spanish and Basque. The data confirm results from previous studies showing that (major) typological distance hinders cross-language effects from arising in bilingual aphasia.

scholarly journals Preserved Singing in Aphasia

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Wilson ◽  
Kate Parsons ◽  
David C. Reutens
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Melodic Intonation Therapy ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Verbal Production

This study examined the efficacy of Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) in a male singer (KL) with severe Broca’s aphasia. Thirty novel phrases were allocated to one of three experimental conditions: unrehearsed, rehearsed verbal production (repetition), and rehearsed verbal production with melody (MIT). The results showed superior production of MIT phrases during therapy. Comparison of performance at baseline, 1 week, and 5 weeks after therapy revealed an initial beneficial effect of both types of rehearsal; however, MIT was more durable, facilitating longer-term phrase production. Our findings suggest that MIT facilitated KL’s speech praxis, and that combining melody and speech through rehearsal promoted separate storage and/or access to the phrase representation.

Phonemically Balanced Arabic Monosyllabic Word Lists for Speech Audiometry Testing in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Najem ◽  
Basem Marie
Keyword(s):  
Arab Countries ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Monosyllabic Word ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jordanian Arabic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Intensity Functions ◽  
Arabic Speaking

Abstract Background Many of the Arabic monosyllabic word lists that are currently available in the literature have some limitations and drawbacks. Some of these available lists include word structures that are not consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) such as cluster and disyllabic word structures. Other lists have poor phonetic or phonemic distribution balance and do not represent some phoneme appropriately in each list. Purpose The purpose of the present study is to create and validate eight digitally recorded lists of phonemically balanced CNC words that represent all Arabic phonemes, to be used in the evaluation of word recognition score (WRS) of Jordanian Arabic-speaking adults. These lists should be easily adapted by other Arab countries because of the simplicity of the words, and the balanced inclusion of all the Arabic phonemes. Research Design The present study is a prospective cross-sectional study. Study Sample Thirty-one (23 females, 8 males) normal hearing and healthy young adults (18–29 years old) participated in the present study. All participants were native speakers of Jordanian Arabic and had no history of ear disease or surgery. Lists The authors created all possible combinations of Arabic CNC words, and then created eight phonemically balanced lists with 26 words in each list. Each consonant was presented only once at the beginning of a word and once at the end of a word in each list. The lists were recorded using a Jordanian male voice and the intensity of each word was digitally calibrated. Data Collection and Analysis The pure tone average (PTA) of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz was calculated for each participant, and the WRS was obtained for each intensity level in the range of –10 to 55 dB SL (ref. PTA) in 5 dB steps. Results No significant difference between right and left ear WRS was found at any intensity level. The WRSs from both ears were averaged and used in the repeated measure analysis of variance. Performance-intensity functions for all the lists showed some small but statistically significant differences between lists. However, none of these differences were clinically significant (<4%). All the lists showed WRS exceeding 96% at 40 dB SL, and none of the lists showed statistically significant improvement in WRS beyond 40 dB SL. Conclusion The present study provides eight lists of recorded and calibrated CNC word lists. The obtained PI functions showed that these lists are suitable for Jordanian Arabic speaking adults. These lists can be easily generalized to other Arab countries after conducting the required follow-up research.

Experimental Analysis of Syntax Training in Broca's Aphasia

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Doyle ◽  
Howard Goldstein ◽  
Michelle S. Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Multiple Baseline Design ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Language Program ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Wh Questions

A multiple baseline design across responses was used to examine the effect of syntax training on the sentence production of 4 individuals with Chronic Broca's aphasia. Subjects were trained to produce five exemplars of five sentence types from Helm's Elicited Language Program for Syntax Stimulation (Helm-Estabrooks, 1981). Generalization and maintenance of trained sentence types to novel exemplars and novel stimulus conditions served as dependent measures. In addition, five naive judges rated subjects' responses before and following the treatment in terms of their "adequacy." Generalization to novel exemplars was demonstrated sequentially by 3 subjects (i.e., following the teaching of all five forms), and the remaining subject demonstrated generalization for three of five sentence types trained. Maintenance was variable across subjects and sentence types. Generalization across stimulus conditions was limited for all subjects Adequacy judgments revealed improved communication skills for wh-questions but limited changes in the perceived adequacy of subjects' declarative responses. These findings indicate that the effects of syntax training procedures are limited to those grammatical constructions taught, that generalization of learned forms to novel stimulus conditions is not an automatic consequence of acquisition, and that the effect of such training on the adequacy of subjects' responses may be limited.

scholarly journals Treatment of agrammatism in oral and written production in patients with Broca’s aphasia The use of implicit and explicit learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Marcela Lima Silagi ◽  
Olavo Panseri Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Junqueira de Almeida ◽  
Janaina de Souza Simões ◽  
Sueli Aparecida Zampieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Explicit Learning ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
Written Production ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Implicit And Explicit Learning

Abstract. Several approaches to the rehabilitation of agrammatism use implicit and explicit learning methods. Objective: To verify the effect of adapted Mapping Therapy and ORLA methods (explicit versus implicit learning) on the oral and written production in spontaneous language among agrammatic patients with Broca’s aphasia. Methods: Six individuals were submitted to Mapping Therapy and ORLA (Oral Reading for Language in Aphasia) treatments. Samples of oral and written production from a picture description task were compared pre and post-treatment. Results: In Mapping Therapy, the patients presented better performance after the training for the variables related to written production: number of words, nouns, verbs, closed-class words, and number of complete sentences. Regarding oral output, the patients had similar performance before and after the therapeutic process. In ORLA, the patients presented a significant difference before and after the therapeutic process in the variables related to oral production, increasing the number of words, number of verbs, and speech rate. There was no difference in pre and post-treatment performance in written production. Conclusion: Both implicit and explicit learning can be used in the treatment of agrammatism. Mapping Therapy was more effective for the treatment of agrammatism in written production, while ORLA was more effective for the agrammatism in oral production.

scholarly journals Acoustic Correlates of Emphatic Sounds in Palestinian Arabic-speaking Persons with Aphasia

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Hisham Al-Adam
Keyword(s):  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Acoustic Correlates ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Monosyllabic Words ◽  
Palestinian Arabic ◽  
Arabic Speaking

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the acoustic characteristics of the emphatic sounds as produced by Palestinian Arabic-speaking persons diagnosed with Broca’s aphasia as compared to normal speakers. Method: The acoustic correlates of emphasis in Palestinian Arabic using measurements of voice onset time (VOT), frequency values of F1 and F2 formants, and duration of vowel were investigated. Four subjects diagnosed with Broca’s aphasia and four normal speakers residing in the West Bank participated in this study. The emphatic stop /t¯/ and its plain counterpart /t/ in initial positions presented in monosyllabic words were investigated. The target stops were followed immediately by the vowels /a/, /u/, and /i/. The speech samples were analyzed using PRAAT and Phono lab speech analysis software,. F1 and F2 formants were measured and compared with the data in the literature. Results: The acoustic measurements of the target vowels demonstrated an increase in F1 and a decrease in F2 formant in case of emphatic sounds compared to the plain one. Lowering of F2 formant was found to be a reliable acoustic cue of emphatic sounds. However, F2 formant was generally higher among subjects with Broca’s aphasia compared to the control group. The results also revealed that subjects with Broca’s aphasia were unable to maintain the acoustic distinction between the emphatic sounds and their plain counterparts. Conclusion: The VOT value of the emphatic voiceless stop /t¯/ was significantly shorter than that of its plain counterpart /t/ as demonstrated by both the normal speakers and the subjects with Broca’s aphasia. The articulatory complexity of the emphatic sounds and therefore the deviated patterns in subjects with Broca’s aphasia might suggest motor programming and motor planning deficits.

scholarly journals SURG-40. SURGICAL RESECTIONS IN BROCA’S AREA DO NOT LEAD TO BROCA’S APHASIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii212-ii212
Author(s):  
John Andrews ◽  
Nathan Cahn ◽  
Benjamin Speidel ◽  
Valerie Lu ◽  
Mitchel Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Supramarginal Gyrus ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Language Evaluations ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Normal Speech

Abstract Brodmann’s areas 44/45 of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), are the seat of Broca’s area. The Western Aphasia Battery is a commonly used language battery that diagnoses aphasias based on fluency, comprehension, naming and repetition. Broca’s aphasia is defined as low fluency (0-4/10), retained comprehension (4-10/10), and variable deficits in repetition (0-7.9/10) and naming (0-8/10). The purpose of this study was to find anatomic areas associated with Broca’s aphasia. Patients who underwent resective brain surgery in the dominant hemisphere were evaluated with standardized language batteries pre-op, POD 2, and 1-month post-op. The resection cavities were outlined to construct 3D-volumes of interest. These were aligned using an affine transformation to MNI brain space. A voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) algorithm determined areas associated with Broca’s aphasia when incorporated into a resection. Post-op MRIs were reviewed blindly and percent involvement of pars orbitalis, triangularis and opercularis was recorded. 287 patients had pre-op and POD 2 language evaluations and 178 had 1 month post-op language evaluation. 82/287 patients had IFG involvement in resections. Only 5/82 IFG resections led to Broca’s aphasia. 11/16 patients with Broca’s aphasia at POD 2 had no involvement of IFG in resection. 35% of IFG resections were associated with non-specific dysnomia and 36% were normal. By one-month, 76% of patients had normal speech. 80% of patients with Broca’s aphasia at POD 2 improved to normal speech at 1-month, with 20% improved to non-specific dysnomia. The most highly correlated (P&lt; 0.005) anatomic areas with Broca’s aphasia were juxta-sylvian pre- and post-central gyrus extending to supramarginal gyrus. While Broca’s area resections were rarely associated with Broca’s aphasia, juxta-sylvian pre- and post-central gyri extending to the supramarginal gyrus were statistically associated with Broca’s type aphasia when resected. These results have implications for planning resective brain surgery in these presumed eloquent brain areas.

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