Cervicogenic headache Part 1: An anatomic and clinical overview (awarded the OPTP Award for Excellence in a Published review of the Literature ** )

1998 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Smith ◽  
Claire Horn
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Lower Cervical Spine ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Clinical Overview

Cervicogenic headache is a headache arising from painful dysfunction of the upper cervical spine. This paper reviews current literature on the anatomy, etiology, clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of cervicogenic headache. Lower cervical spine levels and cervical soft tissue components will be incorporated where they have a direct influence on the upper three segments.

scholarly journals Pedicle Reduction Osteotomy in the Upper Cervical Spine: Technique, Case Report and Review of the Literature

10.14444/2057 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Post ◽  
Qais Naziri ◽  
Colin S. Cooper ◽  
Robert Pivec ◽  
Carl B. Paulino
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Upper Cervical

scholarly journals Neck Pain Following Concussion

Concussion ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Brian Hainline ◽  
Lindsey J. Gurin ◽  
Daniel M. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms ◽  
Serious Injury

Neck pain and cervicalgia are common following concussion. The cervical spine should be carefully examined in any individual who has sustained a concussion, because neck pain may be a sign of more serious underlying cervical spine injury. Even when a more serious injury has been ruled out, it is noteworthy that the cervical structures are vulnerable to stress and injury at their end range of motion, and such motion occurs commonly in an accelerated fashion with concussion. Further, cervical spine injury may cause faulty proprioceptive input from the upper cervical spine, resulting in vestibular symptoms. Cervicalgia is a source of persistent symptoms following concussion and frequently manifests with dizziness and cervicogenic headache. Individuals with persistent symptoms of cervicalgia or cervicogenic headache may benefit from a combination of physical therapy and vestibular therapy.

Human Head-Neck Kinetics Under Whiplash Loading

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Yoganandan ◽  
Frank A. Pintar ◽  
Joseph F. Cusick ◽  
James P. Hollowell
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Input Pulse ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Lower Cervical Spine ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Acceleration Time Histories ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Head Neck

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the biomechanics of the human head-neck complex secondary to whiplash loading. Intact human cadaver head-neck complexes were prepared by maintaining the integrity of the skin and musculature around the ligamentous column. Retroreflective targets were inserted into the bony articulations of the cervical spine at all levels. The specimens were rigidly fixed to a six-axis load cell at the distal end. Instrumentation consisted of triaxial angular velocity sensors and accelerometers on the cranium. A linear accelerometer was attached to the distal end of the preparation. The specimens were subjected to dynamic loading at speeds ranging from 1.6 to 4.2 m/s. They were placed on the slider of the mini-sled pendulum which applied the whiplash loading pulse from the posterior to the anterior direction. The input pulse was measured in terms of acceleration-time histories. Principles of continuous motion analysis were used to determine the kinematics of the head-neck complex as a function of time. The specimens were radiographed pre- and post-test. Results indicated that the structure undergoes continuous change in the head-neck curvature. Initially, the cranium lags the cervical spine resulting in a reverse curvature, the upper cervical spine undergoes flexion with a concomitant extension of the lower cervical spine, and finally, the head catches-up with the lower cervical spine resulting in a single curvature. Increasing velocities/accelerations produced nonlinear increases in extension moment, axial and shear forces, and head-neck kinematics. These strength and kinematic information add to our knowledge of the understanding of the biomechanics of the human head-neck under whiplash.

scholarly journals The benefits of manual therapy and active cervical exercises in pacients with cerviogenic headache

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Manuela Lalu ◽  
Petru Mihancea ◽  
Olivia Andreea Marcu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Manual Therapy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Cervicogenic Headaches ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Orofacial Region

Abstract Introduction: Cervicogenic headache stems from a dysfunctional mechanism that frequently affects the upper region of the cervical spine, often involving multiple tissues connected with the occipital, submandibular, and orofacial region. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the therapeutic effectiveness of a personalized program of manual therapy and specific exercises in patients with cervicogenic headaches. Material and Methods: The study included 44 patients. Specific functional tests of the cranio-cervical-mandibular complex, namely the evaluation of the cranio-cervical-mandibular complex (according to Rocabado), cervical flexion-rotation test, cervical flexor endurance test, cervical extensors endurance test, and palpation of trigger points and cervical spine dynamics, were employed. Results: The analysis of demographic data shows a significantly increased prevalence of headache among women. The symptomatology that almost always accompanies episodes of cervicogenic headache is localized neck pain. The intensity and frequency of the symptoms are strongly associated with alterations in the dynamics of the upper cervical spine and chronic sleep disorders. Conclusion: Cranio-cervical manual therapy has proven effective in patients with cervicogenic headaches. The implementation of a strategy based on manual therapy and active exercise had a superior statistical and clinical result compared to the exclusively manual therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals Anatomy and clinical relevance of sub occipital soft tissue connections with the dura mater in the upper cervical spine

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9716
Author(s):  
Rob Sillevis ◽  
Russell Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cadaver Study ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Nuchal Ligament

Background The upper cervical region is a complex anatomical structure. Myodural bridges between posterior suboccipital muscles and the dura might be important explaining conditions associated with the upper cervical spine dysfunction such as cervicogenic headache. This cadaver study explored the upper cervical spine and evaluated the myodural bridges along with position of spinal cord in response to passive motion of upper cervical spine. Methods A total of seven adult cadavers were used in this exploratory study. The suboccipital muscles and nuchal ligament were exposed. Connections between the Rectus Capitis Posterior major/minor and the Obliquus Capitis minor, the nuchal ligament, posterior aspect of the cervical spine, flavum ligament and the dura were explored and confirmed with histology. The position of the spinal cord was evaluated with passive motions of the upper cervical spine. Outcomes In all cadavers connective tissues attaching the Rectus Capitis Posterior Major to the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane were identified. In the sagittal dissection we observed connection between the nuchal ligament and the dura. Histology revealed that the connection is collagenous in nature. The spinal cord moves within the spinal canal during passive movement. Discussion The presence of tissue connections between ligament, bone and muscles in the suboccipital region was confirmed. The nuchal ligament was continuous with the menigiovertebral ligament and the dura. Passive upper cervical motion results in spinal cord motion within the canal and possible tensioning of nerve and ligamentous connections.

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