scholarly journals Clozapine-induced intestinal obstruction - a critical examination of four cases

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
C Seller ◽  
L Koen ◽  
D J H Niehaus
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Superior Efficacy ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Treatment Refractory ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug indicated for the management of severely ill patients with schizophrenia who fail to respond adequately to standard antipsychotic treatment. It has demonstrated superior efficacy in treating both the positive and negative symptoms in treatment-refractory cases. It also has the added benefit of causing minimal extrapyramidal side- effects, producing no tardive dyskinesia and having little effect on prolactin levels

Reasons to choose a long acting antipsychotic and tolerability

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s822-s822
Author(s):  
I. Martínez Molina ◽  
N. Gómez-Coronado Suárez de Venegas ◽  
P. Blanco Ramón
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Hypertensive Crisis ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
One Year ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

IntroductionAripiprazole depot is an atypical antipshycotic used to treat positive and negative symptoms of psychosis or acute mania.AimDescribe the reason why psychiatrists switch the current antipsychotic treatment on to aripiprazol depot, its tolerability and the reasons to stop aripiprazol depot treatment.MethodsDescriptive analysis based on a sample of 37 patients, aged 18–65 years, treated during one year with antipsychotics at two community mental health units.ResultsSwitching on to aripiprazole depot principal reasons: promote adherence (25%), persistence of symptoms (25%) and high levels of prolactin or sexual dysfunction (16.66%):– side effects of aripiprazole depot: insomnia (11.11%), inquietude (8.33%), sexual dysfunction (2.77%) and hypertensive crisis during administration (2.77%);– 83.33% of the patients are still taking it after one year. The most common reasons to stop or change it were the presence of secondaries (11.11%) and clinical exacerbation (5.55%).ConclusionsAripiprazole depot is well tolerated (even better than other antipsychotics). Common side effects are not severe and appear in a small percent of patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Receptor mechanisms of antipsychotic drug atypicality

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
pp. 5s-8s
Author(s):  
GP Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
New Compounds

SummaryRecent advances in antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia have offered several new compounds which avoid many of the limitations of the classical antipsychotics. These so-called ‘atypical’ antipsychotics have fewer extrapyramidal side effects, greater efficacy against negative symptoms and greater efficacy in otherwise treatment-resistant patients. However, the mechanism of action of these atypical antipsychotics is still unclear. The several receptors currently implicated in the pharmacological profile of these atypical antipsychotics include subtypes of those for dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, and acetylcholine among others. The current hypotheses for possible mechanisms of action of atypical antipsychotics are discussed along with the experimental correlates of antipsychotic efficacy in animal models.

scholarly journals Acute effects of treatment for prodromal symptoms for people putatively in a late initial prodromal state of psychosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (S51) ◽  
pp. s88-s95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Ruhrmann ◽  
Andreas Bechdolf ◽  
Kai-Uwe Kühn ◽  
Michael Wagner ◽  
Frauke Schultze-Lutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Prodromal Symptoms ◽  
Symptomatic Benefit

BackgroundPeople in a putatively late prodromal state not only have an enhanced risk for psychosis but already suffer from mental and functional disturbancesAimsTo evaluate the acute effects of a combined supportive and antipsychotic treatment on prodromal symptomsMethodPutatively prodromal individuals were randomly assigned to a needs-focused intervention without (n=59) or with amisulpride (n=65). Outcome measures at 12-weeks effects were prodromal symptoms, global functioning and extrapyramidal side-effectsResultsAmisulpride plus the needs-focused intervention produced superior effects on attenuated and full-blown psychotic symptoms, basic, depressive and negative symptoms, and global functioning. Main side-effects were prolactin associatedConclusionsCoadministration of amisulpride yielded a marked symptomatic benefit. Effects require confirmation by a placebo-controlled study

The Safety and Efficacy of Clozapine in Severe Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenic Patients in the UK

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Adams ◽  
T. R. E. Barnes ◽  
M. A. Essali ◽  
S. R. Hirsch ◽  
A. V. P. MacKay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Frequent Adverse Event ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

In order to assess the safety and some efficacy aspects of clozapine under UK conditions, 54 in-patients with severe treatment-resistant schizophrenic disorders were evaluated using several scales before and during treatment. Of the 54 evaluated, 26 completed the 26-week study. Of these patients, 20 showed improvement in psychopathology, often to a marked degree, involving both positive and negative symptoms. Some oral-facial extrapyramidal side-effects decreased as well. Two patients developed neutropenia, but recovered on discontinuation of clozapine. The most frequent adverse event was hypersalivation, and five patients suffered from seizures. It is concluded that clozapine is worth considering for the treatment of severe treatment-resistant patients in the UK.

Psychopharmacology of olanzapine

1999 ◽  
Vol 174 (S38) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. E. Stephenson ◽  
L. S. Pilowsky
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Blood Monitoring

The development of atypical antipsychotics has revolutionised the treatment of schizophrenia, as well as providing new insights into its cause. The archetypal atypical antipsychotic is clozapine, which has therapeutic advantages over traditional antipsychotics, as well as a low potential for producing extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS) (Kane et al, 1988). However, clozapine causes agranulocytosis in 1% of patients, and there has consequently been a search for novel atypical antipsychotics, as efficacious as clozapine, but without the need for intensive blood monitoring. There has been much discussion of the definition and characteristics of an atypical antipsychotic drug, and an operational understanding seems to have been agreed upon, that atypical drugs have therapeutic efficacy in treating schizophrenia, without producing EPS (Deutch et al, 1991; Kerwin, 1994).

Antipsychotic treatment in older schizophrenia patients with extrapyramidal side effects in Asia (2001 – 2009)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tao Xiang ◽  
Julie Kreyenbuhl ◽  
Faith B. Dickerson ◽  
Gabor S. Ungvari ◽  
Chuan‑Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Association of MTHFR 677C > T genetic polymorphism with extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic treatment

Gene Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 100717
Author(s):  
T.V. Zhilyaeva ◽  
E.V. Akimova ◽  
A.V. Sergeeva ◽  
A.S. Blagonravova ◽  
G.E. Mazo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects

Clozapine: Current Status and Role in the Pharmacotherapy of Schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J Remington ◽  
Donald Addington ◽  
Evan J Collins ◽  
Barry D Jones ◽  
Pierre Lalonde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychological Functioning ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Neuroleptiques Atypiques ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Objective: This study evaluates clozapine and its present role in the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. Method: Clozapine's current clinical status is reviewed, as is its position with respect to other treatment options. Results: Clozapine represents the prototype of “atypical” neuroleptics, with evidence of clinical efficacy in both positive and negative symptoms, as well as a diminished risk of extrapyramidal side effects. It is the only neuroleptic to date that has established itself as having little, if any, risk of tardive dyskinesia. More recent research has focused on its potential for overall savings in health care costs, as well as possible benefits in the area of neuropsychological functioning. Conclusion: Evidence suggesting that the course of schizophrenia can be altered by effective treatment favours a systematic approach that optimizes treatment options. While clozapine does not represent a 1st-line agent because of its risk of agranulocytosis, it has an integral role to play in treatment-resistant schizophrenia or in individuals experiencing intolerable side effects with conventional neuroleptics. Objectif: La présente étude vise à évaluer la clozapine et son rôle actuel dans la pharmacothérapie de la schizophrénie. Méthode: On évalue l'emploi clinique actuel de la clozapine ainsi que sa position par rapport à d'autres options de traitement. Résultats: La clozapine constitue le prototype des neuroleptiques «atypiques,» révélant une efficacité clinique autant sur les symptômes positifs que négatifs ainsi qu'un risque réduit d'effets secondaires extrapyramidaux. Elle constitue le seul neuroleptique à ce jour associé à peu, voire pas du tout, de risque de dyskinésie tardive. De récentes recherches se sont penchées sur son potentiel d'économies globales en soins de santé ainsi que sur ses avantages en matière de fonctionnement neuropsychologique. Conclusion: L'information qui suggère que l'évolution de la schizophrénie peut être modifiée par un traitement efficace encourage une approche systématique optimisant les options de traitement. Bien que la clozapine ne soit pas un médicament d'élection étant donné le risque d'agranulocytose, elle joue un rôle important dans le traitement de la schizophrénie résistante au traitement ou chez les personnes pour qui les effets secondaires des neuroleptiques conventionnels sont intolérables.

Deterioration of parkinsonian symptoms following treatment of dopaminergic hallucinosis with olanzapine

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 356-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rudolf ◽  
M. Ghaemi ◽  
S. Schmülling
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Extrapyramidal Syndrome ◽  
Olanzapine Treatment ◽  
Dopaminergic Psychosis ◽  
Paranoid Symptoms

SummaryThe atypical antipsychotic drug olanzapine has been proposed for treatment of dopaminergic psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD). We report on a 68-year-old patient who developed a severe akinetic-rigid extrapyramidal syndrome, accompanied by additional paranoid symptoms, following olanzapine treatment of optic hallucinosis in PD. Olanzapine may also induce clinically relevant extrapyramidal side effects in PD patients.

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