scholarly journals To evaluate the utility of 10 warning signs questionnaire in assessment of cognitive function among elderly people

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 168-170
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Raina ◽  
Vishav Chander
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Correlation Data ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACT Introduction: Routine screening of high-risk elderly people for early cognitive impairment using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and its modifications may be constrained by demographic and other variables. Warning signs (as reported by family/caregivers) may be a useful alternative. The present data analysis was carried out with the aim to identify the role of 10 warning signs screen as an alternative tool for screening for cognitive impairment among elderly. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of this analysis (correlation), data available with us from a study conducted on the elderly population (60 years and above) from selected geographical areas (Migrant, Urban, Rural, and Tribal) of Himachal Pradesh was used. Results: A high statistically significant was found between scores on 10 warning signs screen and Hindi mental state examination/Bharmouri mental state examination (modifications of MMSE). Conclusions: Ten warning signs screen can be an important screening total for assessment of cognitive impairment in the elderly Indians.

Educational level differences on the Mini-Mental State: the role of test bias

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Jorm ◽  
R. Scott ◽  
A. S. Henderson ◽  
D. W. K. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Test Bias ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
State Examination

SynopsisLess educated elderly people are commonly found to perform more poorly on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). This educational level difference has been attributed by some research workers to test bias. To assess whether the MMSE is biased against the poorly educated, its validity was assessed separately in the more- and less-educated members of a community sample. No evidence was found to indicate that the test is a biased measure of cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Combining functional scales and cognitive tests in screening for mild cognitive impairment at a university-based memory clinic in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabella Dutra de Abreu ◽  
Paula Villela Nunes ◽  
Breno Satler Diniz ◽  
Orestes Vicente Forlenza
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination combined to the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly for the identification of mild cognitive impairment. METHOD: 191 elderly subjects were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination, and their informants were assessed with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their cognitive state (controls: n = 67, mild cognitive impairment: n = 65 and dementia: n = 59), which was ascertained by clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. The diagnostic accuracy of each test in the discrimination of diagnostic groups (mild cognitive impairment vs. controls, mild cognitive impairment vs. dementia and dementia vs. controls) was examined with the aid of ROC curves. We additionally verified if the combination of both tests would increase diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and control identification. RESULTS: The combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly scores did not increase the Mini-Mental State Examination diagnostic accuracy in the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The present data do not warrant the combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly as a sufficient diagnostic tool in the diagnostic screening for mild cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Low Impact Aerobic Exercise on Elderly with Dementia Cognitive Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden Ayu Tanzila ◽  
Sheilla Yonaka Lindri ◽  
Nindia Rahma Putri
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
State Examination

In the elderly population, at least 10% of those over 65 years old and 50% of those over 80 years old experience a decline in cognitive function that varies from a cognitive decline due to normal aging (age-associated memory impairment/AAMI) to a mild cognitive decline (mild cognitive impairment/MCI) and dementia. Dementia is an intellectual disorder that affects the cognitive function, memory, language function, and visuospatial function that causes irreversible changes. Many studies have stated that lifestyle management in the form of increased physical activity has a protective effect on impaired cognitive functions, inhibits cognitive function decline, and even improves cognitive function in healthy elderly people and elderly with mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Low impact aerobic exercise is a physical activity that is useful and suitable for the elderly. This study aimed to determine the effect of low impact aerobic exercise on the cognitive function of elderly people with dementia. This was a quasi-experimental study with one group pretest-posttest method that involved elderly people from Tresna Werdha Teratai Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia who were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=38) from December 2018 to February 2019. Treatment provided was a low impact aerobic exercise 3 times a week for 5 weeks. Dementia was then measured before and after treatment using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). The mean values of gymnastics before the treatment and after the treatment were 18.36±4.559 and 19.69±5.724, respectively. A p value of 0.000 was obtained using the Wilcoxon test. In summary, low impact aerobic exercise influences the cognitive function of the elderly with dementia. PENGARUH SENAM AEROBIK LOW IMPACT TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF USILA DENGAN DEMENSIAPada usia lanjut (usila), sedikitnya 10% dari yang berusia lebih dari 65 tahun dan 50% dari yang berusia lebih dari 80 tahun mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif yang bervariasi mulai dari penurunan kognitif karena penuaan normal (age-associate memory impairment/AAMI) serta penurunan kognitif ringan (mild cognitive impairment/MCI) hingga demensia. Demensia adalah gangguan intelektual yang meliputi fungsi kognitif, daya ingat, bahasa, fungsi visuospasial, dan bersifat ireversibel. Banyak studi menyatakan bahwa manajemen gaya hidup berupa peningkatan aktivitas fisik mempunyai efek protektif terhadap gangguan fungsi kognitif, menghambat penurunan fungsi kognitif, serta bahkan meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada usila yang sehat dan usila dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif ringan sampai demensia. Senam aerobik low impact merupakan aktifitas fisik yang bermanfaat dan cocok diberikan kepada usila. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh senam aerobik low impact terhadap fungsi kognitif usila dengan demensia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi quasi-experimental dengan metode pretest-posttest one group yang melibatkan usila dari Tresna Werdha Teratai Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia yang dipilih berdasar atas kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi (n=38) dari bulan Desember 2018 hingga Februari 2019. Perlakuan yang diberikan berupa senam aerobik low impact 3 kali per minggu selama 5 minggu. Demensia kemudian diukur sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan menggunakan Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Nilai rerata senam sebelum perlakuan dan setelah perlakuan adalah 18,36±4,559 dan 19,69±5,724 masing-masing. Nilai p=0,000 didapatkan dengan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Simpulan, senam aerobik low impact memengaruhi fungsi kognitif usila dengan demensia.

scholarly journals Cognitive impairment, the Mini-Mental State Examination and socio-demographic and dental variables in the elderly in Brazil

Gerodontology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. e34-e40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Paula Miranda ◽  
Marise F. Silveira ◽  
Thatiane L. Oliveira ◽  
Sâmia F. F. Alves ◽  
Hercílio M. Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
State Examination

scholarly journals DETERIORO COGNITIVO Y SU INFLUENCIA EN LAS ACTIVIDADES BÁSICAS DE LA VIDA DIARIA DEL ADULTO MAYOR.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Julio Rivera-Ruiz ◽  
Carmen Graciela Zambrano Villalba
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Deterioration ◽  
Activities Of Daily Life ◽  
Katz Index ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
State Examination

En el desarrollo de esta investigación se estudió el deterioro cognitivo de los adultos mayores, siendo la principal afectación en el avance evolutivo que muchos de los mismos padecen. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar de qué manera influye el deterioro cognitivo en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria de los adultos mayores, buscando analizar la correlación que propicia dicha problemática en las acciones comportamentales de tales sujetos. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 100 participantes que fluctuaron entre los 65 a 80 años de edad, los mismos que accedieron a participar en el desarrollo de este proyecto. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el test de Escala Mini Mental State Examination MMSE de Creavin, Wisniewski y Thom, el cual sirvió para detectar el deterioro cognitivo mediante el ejercicio de pregunta-respuesta; el segundo instrumento fue el test de Evaluación de Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria con el Índice de Katz Modificado por la Organización Panamericana de Salud el cual se trata de una escala de preguntas, cuyos grados reflejan niveles de conducta en seis funciones. Los datos fueron analizados de forma descriptiva y analítica. Entre las conclusiones con mayor preeminencia, se halla que, a mayor deterioro cognitivo mayor afectación en la funcionalidad de los sujetos de estudio.   Abstract In the development of this research, the cognitive deterioration of the elderly was studied, being the main affectation in the evolutionary advance that many of them suffer. The objective of the study was to determine how cognitive impairment influences the basic activities of daily life of older adults, seeking to analyze the correlation that causes this problem in the behavioral actions of such subjects. The study sample consists of 100 participants ranging from 65 to 80 years of age, who agreed to participate in the development of this project. For the data collection, the Mini Mental State Examination Scale MMSE test of Craven, Wisniewski and Thom was used, which served to detect the cognitive deterioration by means of the question-answer exercise; The second instrument was the Evaluation of Basic Activities of Daily Life test with the Katz Index Modified by the Pan American Health Organization, which is a scale of questions, whose grades reflect levels of behavior in six functions. The data was analyzed in a descriptive and analytical manner. Among the conclusions with greater pre-eminence, it is found that, the greater the cognitive impairment, the greater the effect on the functionality of the study subjects

The value of the Mini Mental State examination in Nigerian epileptics

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Imam ◽  
A Ogunniyi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Item Recall ◽  
State Examination

This study assessed the role of the Mini Mental State examination (MMSE) in detecting cognitive impairment in Nigerian epileptics. The performance of 65 epileptics on the MMSE was compared with that in 65 age- and education-matched controls. There were significantly more epileptics than controls with cognitive dysfunction and the epileptics also had significantly worse scores on the MMSE. The tests of attention, three-item recall and reading were the aspects of the MMSE that were most impaired in the epileptics.

scholarly journals 1 GAMBARAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA DI TIGA YAYASAN MANULA DI KECAMATAN KAWANGKOAN

e-CliniC ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniar Aprilia Ramadian
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
State Examination

AbstractBackground: An increasing number of elderly people raises various social, economic, and health problems. Health problems are often occur in the elderly is impaired cognitive function. The rapid examination and practical, high value is the examination of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Trail Making Test (TMT). These checks are done by giving series of commands at someone and assess their accuracy.Objective: To knowing overview of cognitive function in the elderly at three elderly people foundation in district Kawangkoan by sex, age, and education.Methods: The descriptive research with cross-sectional method, was conducted in November 2012 held at the Elderly Foundation Centre Kawangkoan Minahasa, Maupusan Foundation, and Pakakamangen Foundation in District Kawangkoan.Results: From the research gained 61 people who met the inclusion criteria consisted of 4 men and 57 women. Based on age, and education level showed decline in cognitive function is most at 75-90 years old and last education level is Elementary School.Conclusion: The results of the MMSE and TMT in the elderly at three elderly people foundation in district Kawangkoan mostly with normal results on the MMSE and TMT abnormal.Keywords: Elderly, cognitive function, MMSE, TMT-A & B.AbstrakLatar belakang: Peningkatan jumlah penduduk lanjut usia menimbulkan berbagai masalah sosial, ekonomi, dan kesehatan. Masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi pada usia lanjut ialah gangguan fungsi kognitif. Pemeriksaan yang cepat dan praktis namun nilainya tinggi adalah pemeriksaan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) dan Trail Making Test (TMT). Pemeriksaan ini dilakukan dengan memberi serangkaian perintah pada seseorang dan menilai ketepatannya.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran fungsi kognitif pada lansia di tiga yayasan manula di kecamatan kawangkoan berdasarkan jenis kelamin, umur, dan pendidikan.Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan metode potong lintang, dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2012 bertempat di Yayasan Manula Pusat Kawangkoan Minahasa, Yayasan Maupusan, dan Yayasan Pakakamangen di Kecamatan Kawangkoan.Hasil: Dari penelitian diperoleh 61 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi terdiri dari 4 laki-laki dan 57 perempuan. Berdasarkan usia, dan tingkat pendidikan menunjukkan penurunan fungsi kognitif terbanyak adalah pada usia 75-90 tahun dan tingkat pendidikan terakhir SD.Kesimpulan: Hasil pemeriksaan MMSE dan TMT pada lansia di tiga yayasan manula di kecamatan Kawangkoan sebagian besar dengan hasil normal pada MMSE dan abnormal pada TMT.Kata kunci: Lansia, fungsi kognitif, MMSE, TMT-A & B.

scholarly journals FOLATE AND SYNTHETIC FOLIC ACID INTAKE, SERUM B VITAMIN AND HOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS, AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN ELDERLY BRAZILIANS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
V. Ferri Ross Perucha ◽  
R. de Cássia de Aquino ◽  
N. Gaspareto ◽  
E.M. Guerra-Shinohara ◽  
P. Mendonça da Silva Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
State Examination

Background: An increased risk of cognitive decline in the elderly with B12 deficiency has been associated with excessive synthetic folic acid in food fortification and supplements. Objectives: To assess the dietary folate and folic acid intake from food fortification, as well as serum vitamin B12, folate, iron, and homocysteine concentrations among the elderly and their relationships with cognitive changes. Design: Cross-sectional, observational study. Setting and Participants: Community-dwelling elderly (N = 40), predominantly female (90%), with an average age of 69 years. Measurements: Dietary intake information was collected using four 24-hour dietary recalls, adjusted for iron and folic acid in fortified flour and supplements. Serum vitamin B12, B6, folate, iron, and homocysteine concentrations were determined. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, adjusted for educational level. Results: Possible serum vitamin B12 deficiency (<258 pmol/L) was present in 5% of the elderly participants, while 27.5% had possible functional deficiency (<400 pmol/L). No serum folate deficiency (<6.8 nmol/L) was observed; however, 15% had possible deficiency (<13.6 nmol/L), and 7.5% had supraphysiological levels. Hyperhomocysteinemia (≥15 µmol/L) was present in 65% of the sample. Almost half of the participants (47.5%) showed cognitive impairment. There were no significant relationships between the Mini-Mental State Examination results and the B12, folate, iron, and homocysteine concentrations. However, the participants with serum vitamin B12 levels <400 pmol/L tended to have poorer Mini-Mental State Examination scores, which were related to older age (P = 0.045) and changes in the oral cavity (P = 0.034). In addition, folic acid consumption was inversely related with serum vitamin B12 levels (P = 0.030). Macrocytosis was not observed. Conclusions: Although Mini-Mental State Examination-assessed cognitive impairment was not related with the investigated biochemical variables, increased folic acid consumption seems to have a negative impact on vitamin B12 metabolism; therefore, fortification may be contributing to functional disability and masking hematological signs in the elderly.

Assessment of Cognitive Decline in the Elderly by Informant Interview

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Jorm ◽  
A. E. Korten
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
State Examination

Cognitive decline in a sample of 64 elderly people was assessed by a standardised informant interview dealing with changes in memory and intelligence which had taken place in the previous 10 years. Scores from the interview were found to correlate (r=0.74) with the Mini-Mental State Examination. Moreover, the informant interview was found to be less affected by pre-morbid ability than the MMSE. Direct assessment of decline by informants may be a solution to the problem of contamination by pre-morbid ability which affects traditional cognitive screening instruments.

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