Morphology and morphometry of mental foramen in adult human mandibles of North Indian population

Abstract Background and aim : Mental foramen is an oval or circular opening present on the anterior surface of mandible through which the mental nerve and vessels exit It forms an intportant landmark for human mandible for both invasive and noninvasive procedures. Its position vary according to the age and race. The aim of the study is to provide data on morphology and morphometry of mental foramen. Materials and Methods : The present study was done on ninety dried adult human mandibles of unknown age and sex. Incidences and shapes of the mental and accessory mental foramen were observed. Size and the distances from the various landmarks were noted with the help of digital Vernier calipers. Results: Mental forantina were found bilaterally in all (100%) the mandibles. Accessory mental foramina were found in five mandibles (5.5%) on right side and three mandibles (3.3%) on left side. Shape of the mental foramina was predominantly rounded. Average size of mental and accessory mental foramina was 2.56 mm and 1 mm respectively. The position of the mental foramina below the apex of second premolar , between the first and second premolar and between the second premolar and first molar and below the apex of first premolar tooth were 64.4%, 21.1%, 8.8% and 5.5% respectively. The average distance of the accessory mental forantina from the mental foramen was 0.66 mm and average location was below the first molar tooth. Conclusion: All these findings can supplement useful data for population diversities and can help the surgeons, anatomists, orthodontists and paleoanthropologists to carry out their procedures successfully.

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Ossified Ligament at the base of Adult Human Dry Skull in North Indian Population: Pterygospinous and Pterygoalar Bar and Foramina

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Shivani Dhingra ◽

Navbir Pasricha

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

North Indian Population ◽

Adult Human

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Determination of sex by radiographic analysis of mental foramen in North Indian population

Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences ◽

10.4103/0975-1475.114556 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 52 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Akhilesh Chandra ◽

Anil Singh ◽

Manjunath Badni ◽

Rohit Jaiswal ◽

Archana Agnihotri

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Mental Foramen ◽

Radiographic Analysis ◽

North Indian Population

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MORPHOMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF MENTAL FORAMEN IN DRY HUMAN MANDIBLE IN NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

International Journal of Anatomy and Research ◽

10.16965/ijar.2015.106 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 899-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rakesh Kumar Shukla ◽

◽

Prerna Gupta ◽

Muktyaz Hussein ◽

Fida Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Mental Foramen ◽

North Indian Population ◽

Morphometric Measurement

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Study of Number, Shape, Size and Position of Mental Foramen in Bangladeshi Dry Adult Human Mandible

Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.3329/bja.v11i1.20501 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 7-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Md Mesbahul Hoque ◽

Shamim Ara ◽

Shahanaz Begum ◽

AHM Mostafa Kamal ◽

Md Abdul Momen

Keyword(s):

Prior Knowledge ◽

Nerve Block ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Mental Foramen ◽

Mental Nerve ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Accessory Mental Foramen ◽

Medical College ◽

Adult Human ◽

Morphology And Morphometry

Context: Paralysis of the mental nerve is one of the principal complications of surgery of the mandibular canal and mental foramen region. Therefore, identification of mental foramen is important for dental surgeons in nerve block and surgical procedures like apico curettage of mandibular premolars, amalgam filling, peridental surgery etc. to avoid injury to neurovascular bundle. Verification of the existence of accessory mental foramina would prevent accessory mental nerve injury during periapical surgery. Therefore, prior knowledge of morphology and morphometry of mental and accessory mental foramen to particular block may cause effective mental block anaesthesia. Besides this, mental foramen and accessory mental foramen have been found to vary in position in different ethnic groups. So, it is important to study the morphology and morphometry of mental foramen. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical type of study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College using dried adult human mandibles of unknown sexes. Number and shapes of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen were observed. Size and position were determined by using digital sliding calipers. Result: Mental foramen was present in all one hundred and eighty five (185) observed mandibles and it was bilateral. Accessory mental foramen was present in 1.62% on left side while on right side, it was 0.54%. None of the mandibles presented with bilateral accessory mental foramen. Shape was predominantly oval with 55.7% on right side and 53.5% on left side while it was round in 44.3% on right side and 46.5% on left side. Mental foramen was commonly located between 1st and 2nd premolar, below 2nd premolar and between 2nd premolar and 1st molar. Conclusion: Prior knowledge of mental foramen variations helps surgeon in planning surgery in that region to avoid nerve damage and also for effective mental nerve block anaesthesia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i1.20501 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2013, Vol. 11 No. 1 pp 7-10

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