Mental Nerve Paraesthesia: A Report of Two Cases Associated with Endodontic Etiology

Paraesthesia of the mental nerve can occur due to various etiological factors. Rarely, dental infections can cause paraesthesia. However, this article discusses two cases of endodontic etiology in the mental nerve region as a causative factor for paraesthesia. In the first case, the patient had severe pain localized to his right mandible, with numbness of his lower lip. Endodontic treatment led to quick regression and resolution of paraesthesia. In the second case, a patient who was referred for retreatment of a mandibular second premolar infection developed profound paraesthesia in the region of the mental nerve distribution following prior therapy. Possible mechanisms responsible for periapical infection-related paraesthesia are discussed here. CBCT imaging may be useful in the diagnosis and management of such conditions.

Evaluation of location of mental foramen using cone-beam computed tomography in Pakistani population.

Objectives: The location of mental foramen (MF) is significant in many surgical and nonsurgical procedures related to the mandible to avoid the injury of the mental nerve. The location of mental foramen is considered variable in different populations and even in different groups of population. We used CBCT to locate the position of the mental foramen. As high-resolution three-dimensional images of CBCT reveal anatomic structures more clearly, it improves mental foramen detection, offering advantages over two-dimensional radiological images. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University College of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Lahore. Period: July 2017 to Dec 2019. Material & Methods: A sample of 230 CBCT scans was obtained from the data already available in the department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. The horizontal position of MF was analyzed utilizing 3D images of CBCT at 6 positions concerning the long axis of mandibular premolars and molars. Results: Ninety-six (41.7%) mental foramen were located at position 3, i.e., between the first and second premolars. Moreover, this was the most common location of the mental foramen. Followed by position 4 (in line with the long axis of the second premolar) 90(39.1%). No statistically significant relationship between the gender of the patient and the location of the mental foramen was seen. Conclusion: The location of mental foramen is variable; care should be taken in performing procedures in the area of the mental foramen to avoid iatrogenic injury of the mental nerve. Our results are different from previous studies conducted in the Pakistani population.

ARE AGE AND GENDER EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON THE MORPHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF MENTAL FORAMEN?

Aim: Foramen mentale is the anatomical formation in which the vein and nerve package feeds and provides sensory innervation to the chin and lower anterior lip area. During implant surgery and osteotomy operations, it is important to know the anatomical morphometric characteristics because of mental nerve damage. This study aims to determine whether mental foramen differ depending on age and gender. Method: 100 patients (50 females-50 males) who applied to neu faculty of dentistry and received kıbt for various reasons between 2020-2021 were included in the study. spss program was used for statistical analysis. a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean superoinferior diameter of the right and left mental foramen was 3.20 mm and 3.21 mm, respectively. The mean values were 3.12 mm and 3.18 mm for right and left mental foramen, respectively. It was found that the right and left mental foramen are located between the 1st and 2nd premolars. Anteroposterior and superoinferior diameters of the right and left foramen do not differ according to the localization of the mental foramen (p> 0.05). It was found that the parameters except the superoinferior diameter of the right mental foramen did not show a statistically significant difference according to gender (p> 0.05). It was found that the right mental foramen superoinferior diameter of males was statistically higher than females. (p <0.01). It was found that the anterosuperior and superoinferior diameters of the mental foramen did not vary according to age (p> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the result we obtained from this study, it was determined that the superoinferior diameter of the mental foramen was higher in men. This result will guide for those working in the field of anatomy, oral maxillofacial surgeons and oral maxillofacial radiologists.

Numbness of the lower lip following urological surgery under general anesthesia – A case report –

Background: Peripheral nerve injury is a complication that can occur after general anesthesia. It significantly impairs the patient’s quality of life and may lead to permanent disability. Nerves in several areas can be damaged during the perioperative period, but it is very rare that numbness of the lower lip is caused after general anesthesia. Case: A 73-year-old man with diabetes mellitus underwent urological surgery under general anesthesia. The day after surgery, he complained of numbness on the right lower lip caused by a mental nerve injury. Diabetic mononeuropathy or neurapraxia related to mechanical compression was considered a possible cause. The symptoms resolved spontaneously after six weeks.Conclusions: Mental nerve injury is a rare perioperative complication in surgical patients under general anesthesia. In this case, patients should be reassured and advised to avoid injuries to the mouth and lips. However, specific treatment is not required.

Manifestações orofaciais associadas aos diferentes tipos de anemias

Introduction: Anemias correspond to hematological disorders that can present in the oral cavity and face. Objective: To review the literature on the main types of anemic disorders and their orofacial manifestations, considering the aspects of interest to dentists. Methodology: This is a literature review, in which articles were selected in Portuguese and English, indexed in the Scielo, Medline/Pubmed and Lilacs databases with the descriptors: Anemia, Oral Manifestations, Jaw Abnormalities and their correspondents in Portuguese language. Literature review: Anemic disorders associated with orofacial signs and symptoms include mainly Iron-Deficiency, Megaloblastic, Fanconis, Sickle Cell, Thalassemia and Aplastic Anemia. The manifestations vary from burning and painful symptoms in the tongue, pallor of lips and mucosa, stomatitis, atrophic glossitis, angular cheilitis, susceptibility to candidiasis and peri-odontal disease. Also, dental changes, hyposalivation, malocclusion, osteomyelitis of the jaw, paraesthesia of the mental nerve and orofacial pain are included. Conclusion: These manifestations can be the first signs of the presence of anemia, which gives the dentist an important role in early diagnosis and proper management of dental treatment.