scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Levonorgestrel 0.10 mg and Ethinyl Estradiol 0.02 mg plus Ethinyl Estradiol 0.01 mg in an Extended-Cycle Oral Contraceptive Regimen

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CMT.S4661
Author(s):  
Radhika Rible ◽  
Ram Parvataneni ◽  
Angela Chen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Pivotal Trial ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Effective Contraception ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Extended Cycle

Extended-cycle combined hormonal contraception has become a common practice among women seeking effective contraception and menstrual regulation. Extended cycle regimens have the benefit of decreasing scheduled bleeding as compared to traditional combined oral contraceptive (COC) regimens containing 21 days of hormones followed by a 7-day hormone-free interval (HFI) by reducing the frequency of the HFI. The newest FDA approved product in this family of contraceptive regimens is a 91-day COC regimen containing 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol (EE) and 0.1 mg levonorgestrel (LNG) for 84 days followed by a 7-day interval with 0.01 mg EE. This regimen has been evaluated in one pivotal trial and demonstrated to have efficacy and a side effect profile similar to the other currently available FDA approved 91-day extended-cycle regimens. This is the first 91-day regimen formulated with 0.02 mg EE and offers women an effective option for contraception and menstrual cycle control.

Managing the side effects of contraception

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Katie Boog
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mood Change ◽  
Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

Although often transient, side effects are the most common reason for individuals to discontinue contraception. The evidence to prove causality is limited, as is evidence-based guidance on how to manage these side effects. This article summarises the available evidence. For individuals who have new or worsening acne on progestogen-only contraception (POC), switching to combined hormonal contraception (CHC) is likely to improve their skin. Continuous or extended CHC use may be beneficial for individuals with premenstrual mood change, and for those who experience headaches in the hormone-free interval. Unpredictable bleeding patterns on POC are common. Injectable users can try reducing the interval between injections to 10 weeks. Implant, injectable or Intrauterine system users can be offered a 3-month trial of a combined oral contraceptive pill (COC). CHC and POP users with unpredictable bleeding may benefit from switching to an alternative preparation.

Managing the side effects of contraception

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Katie Boog
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Mood Change ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

Side effects are the most common reason for the discontinuation of contraceptive methods. Dr Katie Boog summarises the available evidence on how to manage them Although often transient, side effects are the most common reason for individuals to discontinue contraception. The evidence to prove causality is limited, as is evidence-based guidance on how to manage these side effects. This article summarises the available evidence. For individuals who have new or worsening acne on progestogen-only contraception (POC), switching to combined hormonal contraception (CHC) is likely to improve their skin. Continuous or extended CHC use may be beneficial for individuals with premenstrual mood change, and for those who experience headaches in the hormone-free interval. Unpredictable bleeding patterns on POC are common. Injectable users can try reducing the interval between injections to 10 weeks. Implant, injectable or intrauterine system users can be offered a 3-month trial of a combined oral contraceptive pill (COC). CHC and POP users with unpredictable bleeding may benefit from switching to an alternative preparation.

scholarly journals Clinical features of migraine with onset prior to or during start of combined hormonal contraception: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele S. Merki-Feld ◽  
Peter S. Sandor ◽  
Rossella E. Nappi ◽  
Heiko Pohl ◽  
Christoph Schankin
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Migraine Frequency ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Migraine Onset

AbstractMany studies have described the features of menstrually related migraines but there is a lack of knowledge regarding the features of migraine in combined hormonal contraceptive users (CHC). Hormone-withdrawal migraines in the pill-free period could differ from those in the natural cycle. Gynaecologic comorbidities, like dysmenorrhea and endometriosis, but also depression or a family history might modify the course of migraine. A better understanding of migraine features linked to special hormonal situations could improve treatment. For this prospective cohort study, we conducted telephone interviews with women using a CHC and reporting withdrawal migraine to collect information on migraine frequency, intensity, triggers, symptoms, pain medication, gynaecologic history and comorbidities (n = 48). A subset of women agreed to also document their migraines in prospective diaries. The mean number of migraine days per cycle was 4.2 (± 2.7). Around 50% of these migraines occurred during the hormone-free interval. Migraine frequency was significantly higher in women who suffered from migraine before CHC start (5.0 ± 3.1) (n = 22) in comparison to those with migraine onset after CHC start (3.5 ± 2.1) (n = 26). Menstrually related attacks were described as more painful (57.5%), especially in women with migraine onset before CHC use (72%) (p < 0.02). Comorbidities were rare, except dysmenorrhea. The majority of migraine attacks in CHC users occur during the hormone-free interval. Similar as in the natural cycle, hormone-withdrawal migraines in CHC users are very intense and the response to acute medication is less good, especially in those women, who developed migraine before CHC use.

Estetrol and the possibilities of its clinical use

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Petr Křepelka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Planned Parenthood ◽  
Menopausal Syndrome ◽  
Contraceptive Effectiveness ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

Summary Combined hormonal contraceptive methods are one of the most commonly used methods of planned parenthood. They show high contraceptive effectiveness, reasonable cycle control and bring several non-contraceptive benefits. A limitation of the widespread use of combined hormonal contraception is the risk of cardiovascular complications in individuals with specific risk factors. The risk of cardiovascular complications is related to the used estrogen component. Currently, the most common use of estrogen in combined hormonal contraception is ethinyl estradiol and estradiol valerate. The good estrogenic part of combined oral contraceptives is estetrol, a hormone produced exclusively by the fetal liver. Estetrol exhibits a tissue-selective receptor activity. Unlike previously used estrogens, it does not negatively affect the production of liver proteins and blood clotting parameters. Estetrol is not a perspective for combined hormonal contraception only. It is also promising for treating and preventing osteoporosis, hormonal therapy of menopausal syndrome, and vulvovaginal atrophy syndrome.

Effect of a combined oral contraceptive containing 3 mg of drospirenone and 30 μg of ethinyl estradiol on the human endometrium

2001 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Lüdicke ◽  
Elisabeth Johannisson ◽  
Frans M Helmerhorst ◽  
Aldo Campana ◽  
Jean-Michel Foidart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Human Endometrium ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive

Starting oral contraceptives – which, when and how?

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
New Products ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Oral Contraception ◽  
Planned Parenthood ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Free Interval

About one quarter of women in Britain aged 18–44 use oral contraceptives,1 and almost half of those aged 20–29.2 Many will use more than one type during their years of sexual activity. Changes will occur as new products are introduced and new risks identified or in response to unwanted effects. Decisions may also be prompted by the need to restart oral contraception after a break as part of planned parenthood. Oral contraception is chosen chiefly because it is reliable and does not interrupt spontaneous sexual activity. Whether a combined oral contraceptive pill (COC) or a progestagen-only pill (POP) would be the more appropriate depends mainly on the woman’s medical history, smoking habits and age. Most women will want good cycle control, and a few will prefer to take an inactive pill for a few days in each cycle rather than have a pill-free interval. This article discusses the choice when starting, restarting or switching oral contraception.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of an ascending-dose, extended-regimen levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol combined oral contraceptive

Contraception ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Portman ◽  
Andrew M. Kaunitz ◽  
Brandon Howard ◽  
Herman Weiss ◽  
Jennifer Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive

scholarly journals Extended-Cycle Oral Contraceptive Pills with 10 μG Ethinyl Estradiol Pills in Place of Placebo Pills

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita L Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Unscheduled Bleeding ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Extended Cycle ◽  
Stimulation Of

The elimination of monthly withdrawal bleeding with use of extended-cycle (84 pills) monophasic birth-control pills has modernized oral contraceptives. The use of ethinyl estradiol 10 μg pills in place of the seven placebo pills addresses the problems posed by 21/7 formulations of low-dose birth-control pills, which allow early stimulation of ovarian follicles, and of the early 84/7 formulations, which had higher rates of unscheduled bleeding and spotting.

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